欢迎光临 - 琳婕小筑－老猫的理想 - 通过JDBC操作ORACLE数据库实例详解 -

hongmu 2006-05-12

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通过JDBC操作ORACLE数据库实例详解 [ 日期：2006-01-10 ] [ 来自：zt ]

此例子采用JDBC2.0，和ORACLE9i数据库。数据库位于本机上。采用数据库自带的SCOTT模式。

内附有详细的注释，我想我应该不用多讲了吧

import java.sql.*;
import oracle.sql.*;
import oracle.jdbc.pool.OracleDataSource;

public class JdbcOracle {
  public static void main(String[] args) {

    /**URL格式：drivername:@driver_information
       1,drivername主要有以下两种
       jdbc:oracle:thin (thin驱动程序)
       jdbc:oracle:oci (oci驱动程序)
       2,driver_information
       host_nameort:database_sid
     */

    Connection conn = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    ResultSet rs = null;
    String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:ORADB";
    String username = "scott";
    String password = "tiger";
    try {

      /**一、注册驱动程序
          方法一Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver";
       */

      DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver());

      //二、打开数据库连接
      /**方法一，使用oracle数据源对象?
           oracle.jdbc.pool.OracleDataSource ds=new oracle.jdbc.pool.OracleDataSource();
          ds.setServerName("localhost";
          ds.setDatabaseName("ORADB";   //数据库存名
          ds.setDriverType("oci";  //要使用的JDBC驱动程序（OracleDatasore的扩展）
          ds.setURL("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:ORADB"; //指定数据库的URL（OracleDataSource的扩展）
          ds.setDataSourceName("";     //底层数据源的名称
          ds.setNetworkProtocol("tcp";//用于数据库通信的协议
          ds.setPortNumber(1521);//端口号
          ds.setUser("scott";
          ds.setPassword("tiger";
          Connection conn=ds.getConnection();
       */
      //方法二、使用Drivermanger

      conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);

      //设置事务提交模式
      //conn.setAutoCommit(true);
      //若禁止了自动提交模式,那么在关闭Connection对象时会执行一次自动隐式提交,以保证还没有提交的所有DML语句被自动提交

      conn.setAutoCommit(false);

      //三、创建JDBC Statement对象

      stmt = conn.createStatement();

      //PreparedStatement pstmt=conn.prepareStatement("带有参数的SQL语句";
      //CallableStatement cstmt=conn.prepareCall("调用存储过程的语句";
      //四、从数据库获取行
      /**select 语句用executeQuery()
          insert,update,delete语句用executeUpdate()
          若预先不知道要执行的SQL语句类型，那么用execute()
       */

      rs = stmt.executeQuery("select id,name,age,sex,birth from employee";

//五、从数据库获取行

      while (rs.next()) {
        int id = rs.getInt("id";
        String name = rs.getString("name";
        int age = rs.getInt("age";
        String sex = rs.getString("sex";
        Date birth = rs.getDate("birth";
      }
      //rs.close();
      //六、向数据库中添加行(注：月份的编码是从0开始的，因此月份1代表2月)

      java.sql.Date date = new java.sql.Date(82, 10, 05);
      int i = stmt.executeUpdate("insert into employee values" +
                                 "(1,‘qds‘,22,‘1‘,TO_DATE(date,‘YYYY,MM,DD‘))";
      //七、修改数据中的行

      int j = stmt.executeUpdate("update employee set age=21 where id=1";
      //八、从数据库中删除行

      int k = stmt.executeUpdate("delete from employee set id=1";
      //九、处理数据库的NULL值方法一:使用结果集对象的wasNull方法判断

      conn.commit();
      rs = stmt.executeQuery(
          "select id,type_id,prod_name from product where id=1";

      //此次假设type_id列为Null值
      System.out.println("id=" + rs.getInt("id");
      System.out.println("type_id=" + rs.getInt("type_id");
      if (rs.wasNull()) {
        System.out.println("type_id was null!";
      }
      System.out.println("prod_name=" + rs.getString("prod_name");

      //九、处理数据库的NULL值方法二:使用JAVA包装器类.因为JAVA包装器类可以赋于NULL值
      //java.lang.Integer typeId=(java.lang.Integer)rs.getObject("type_id";
      //System.out.println(typeId);此时typeId的值为Null
      //在向数据库插入或更新某一行为NULL值时,也可以使用JAVA包装器对象
      //java.lang.Double price=null;
      //int ii=stmt.executeUpdate("update products set price="+price+" where id=12";

      rs.close();

      //十,执行数据定义语言语句(DDL:CREATE,ALTER,DROP)----采用execute()方法执行DDL语句
      //执行DDL语句会导致一次隐式提交,因此,如果你在发出DDL语句之前执行了一些未提交的DML语句,那么这些DML语句将被提交

      boolean result = stmt.execute("create table customers(" +
          "id integer constraint customers_pK primary key," +
          "first_name varchar2(10) not null," +
          "last_name  varchar2(10) not null," +
          "dob        date," +
          "phone      varchar2(15)" +
          ""
          ;
      if (result == true) {
        System.out.println("The table has Created!";
      }
      else {
        System.out.println("The table hasn‘t Create";
      }
      //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
      System.out.println("error: " + e);
      try {
        conn.rollback();
      }
      catch (SQLException sqle) {}
    }
    finally {

      try {
        if (rs != null)
          rs.close();
      }
      catch (SQLException sqle) {
        System.out.println("SQLState: " + sqle.getSQLState());
        System.out.println("SQLErrorCode: 错误代码" + sqle.getErrorCode());
        System.out.println("SQLErrorMessage:错误情况的字符串 " + sqle.toString());
      }

      try {
        if (stmt != null)
          stmt.close();
      }
      catch (SQLException sqle1) {
        System.out.println("SQLState: " + sqle1.getSQLState());
        System.out.println("SQLErrorCode: 错误代码" + sqle1.getErrorCode());
        System.out.println("SQLErrorMessage:错误情况的字符串 " + sqle1.toString());
      }

      try {
        if (conn != null)
          conn.close();
      }
      catch (SQLException sqle2) {
        System.out.println(sqle2.toString());
        System.out.println(sqle2.getSQLState());
        System.out.println(sqle2.getErrorCode());
      }

    }

  }
}