婴幼儿期智力发育水平对照表-- Milestone chart: 0 to 36 months

婴幼儿期智力发育水平对照表

　　婴1月
　　
　　大运动：拉着手腕可以坐起，头可竖直片刻（2秒）
　　
　　精细动作：触碰手掌，他会紧握拳头
　　
　　适应能力：眼球会跟红球过中线（稍有移动即可）、听到声音有反应
　　
　　语言：自己会发出细小声音
　　
　　社交行为：眼睛跟踪走动的人
　　
　　婴2月
　　
　　大运动：拉着手腕可以坐起、头可竖直短时（5秒）
　　
　　精细动作：俯卧时头可抬离床面、拨浪鼓在手中留握片刻
　　
　　适应能力：立刻注意大玩具
　　
　　语言：能发出a、o、e等元音
　　
　　社交行为：逗引时有反应
　　
　　婴3月
　　
　　大运动：俯卧时可抬头45度、抱直时头稳
　　
　　精细动作：两手可握在一起、拨浪鼓在手中留握0.5秒
　　
　　适应能力：眼睛跟红球可转180度
　　
　　语言：笑出声
　　
　　社交行为：模样灵敏、见人会笑
　　
　　婴4月
　　
　　大运动：俯卧时可抬头90度、扶腋可站片刻
　　
　　精细动作：摇动并注视拨浪鼓
　　
　　适应能力：偶然注意小丸、找到声源
　　
　　语言：高声叫、咿呀作声
　　
　　社交行为：认亲人
　　
　　婴5月
　　
　　大运动：轻拉腕部即可坐起、独坐头身向前倾
　　
　　精细动作：抓住近处玩具
　　
　　适应能力：拿住一积木注视另一积木
　　
　　语言：对人及物发声
　　
　　社交行为：见食物兴奋
　　
　　婴6月
　　
　　大运动：俯卧翻身
　　
　　精细动作：会撕纸、把弄到桌上一积木
　　
　　适应能力：两手同时拿住两块积木、玩具失落会找
　　
　　语言：叫名字转头
　　
　　社交行为：自喂饼干、如会找躲猫猫（手绢挡脸）的人的脸
　　
　　婴7月
　　
　　大运动：独坐自如
　　
　　精细动作：把弄小丸（直径约0.5公分）、自己取一积木，再取另一块
　　
　　适应能力：积木换手、伸手够远处玩具语言：发da-da、ma-ma无所指
　　
　　社交行为：对镜有游戏反映、能分辨出生人
　　
　　婴8月
　　
　　大运动：双手扶物可站立
　　
　　精细动作：拇指、无名指捏住小丸（直径：0.5cm）；手中拿两个积木，并试图取第三块积木（正方形，边长2cm）
　　
　　适应能力：持续用手追逐玩具、有意识的摇铃
　　
　　语言：模仿声音
　　
　　社交行为：懂得成人面部表情
　　
　　婴9月
　　
　　大运动：会爬、拉双手会走
　　
　　精细动作：拇指、食指捏住小丸
　　
　　适应能力：从杯中取出积木（正方形，边长2cm）、积木对敲
　　
　　语言：会欢迎、再见（手势）
　　
　　社交行为：表示不要
　　
　　婴10月
　　
　　大运动：会拉住栏杆站起身、扶住栏杆可以走
　　
　　精细动作：拇指、食指动作熟练
　　
　　适应能力：拿掉扣住积木的杯子，并玩积木；找盒内的东西
　　
　　语言：模仿发语声
　　
　　社交行为：懂得常见物及名称、会表示
　　
　　婴11月
　　
　　大运动：扶物、蹲下取物；独站片刻
　　
　　精细动作：打开包积木的纸
　　
　　适应能力：积木放入杯中；模仿推玩具小车
　　
　　语言：有意识的发一个字音
　　
　　社交行为：懂得“不”；模仿拍娃娃
　　
　　婴12月
　　
　　大运动：独自站立稳；牵一只手可以走
　　
　　精细动作：试把小丸投入小瓶
　　
　　适应能力：盖瓶盖；
　　
　　语言：叫妈妈、爸爸有所指；向他/她要东西知道给
　　
　　社交行为：穿衣知配合
　　
　　
　　
　　
　　
　　幼儿期智力发育水平对照表 
　　
　　15月
　　
　　大运动：独走自如
　　
　　精细动作：自发乱画、从瓶中拿到小丸（不能提示“倒出”）
　　
　　适应能力：翻书两次、盖上圆盒
　　
　　语言：会听指示指出眼耳鼻口手（5个指出3个即可）、说3-5个字（知道意思，“爸妈”除外）
　　
　　社交行为：会脱袜子（脱下而非拉下）
　　
　　18月
　　
　　大运动：扔球无方向
　　
　　精细动作：模仿画道道
　　
　　适应能力：积木搭高四块、将圆形积木放入圆形空格（圆型板正面对他）
　　
　　语言：懂得三个投向（站三个不同方向，向他要东西）、说出10个字（知道意思，“爸妈”除外）
　　
　　社交行为：白天会控制大小便
　　
　　21月
　　
　　大运动：会脚尖走、扶墙上楼
　　
　　精细动作：玻璃丝穿过扣眼
　　
　　适应能力：积木搭高7-8块、将圆形积木放入圆形空格（圆型板平面转180）
　　
　　语言：回答简单问题、说3-5个字的句子
　　
　　社交行为：开口表示个人需要
　　
　　24月
　　
　　大运动：双足跳离地面
　　
　　精细动作：玻璃丝穿过扣眼并拉住线
　　
　　适应能力：一页页翻书；将圆、方、三角放入准确放入相同形状的空格
　　
　　语言：说两句以上儿歌、会问：“这是什么？”
　　
　　社交行为：会说常见物的用途
　　
　　27月
　　
　　大运动：独自上楼、独自下楼
　　
　　精细动作：模仿画竖道
　　
　　适应能力：认识大小；型板随意放置，仍能将圆、方、三角放入准确放入相同形状的空格
　　
　　语言：会说8-10个字的句子
　　
　　社交行为：会脱单衣或裤子、开始有是非观念
　　
　　30月
　　
　　大运动：独脚站2秒
　　
　　精细动作：模仿用积木搭桥、穿扣子3-5个
　　
　　适应能力：知道1与许多的区别、知道红色
　　
　　语言：看图说出物体的名称10个
　　
　　社交行为：用两个杯子来回倒水不洒
　　
　　33月
　　
　　大运动：会立定跳远
　　
　　精细动作：模仿画圆
　　
　　适应能力：懂得“里”、“外”；积木搭高10块
　　
　　语言：说出人物性别；连续执行三个命令（擦桌、摇铃、搬凳）
　　
　　社交行为：会穿鞋、会解扣子
　　
　　36月
　　
　　大运动：两脚交替跳
　　
　　精细动作：折纸边角整齐（长方形）、模仿画十字
　　
　　适应能力：认识两种颜色、懂得“2”
　　
　　语言：懂得“冷了”、“累了”、“饿了”；看图说出物体名称14样
　　
　　社交行为：会扣扣子

Milestone chart: 0 to 36 months

Child‘s Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
1 month	• Lifts head when lying on tummy • Responds to sound • Stares at faces	• Follows objects briefly with eyes • Vocalizes: oohs and aahs • Can see black-and-white patterns	• Smiles, laughs • Holds head at 45-degree angle
2 months	• Vocalizes: gurgles and coos • Follows objects across field of vision • Notices his hands • Holds head up for short periods	• Smiles, laughs • Holds head at 45-degree angle • Makes smoother movements	• Holds head steady • Can bear weight on legs • Lifts head and shoulders when lying on tummy (mini-pushup)
3 months	• Recognizes your face and scent • Holds head steady • Visually tracks moving objects	• Squeals, gurgles, coos • Blows bubbles • Recognizes your voice • Does mini-pushup	• Rolls over, from tummy to back • Turns toward loud sounds • Can bring hands together, bats at toys
4 months	• Smiles, laughs • Can bear weight on legs • Coos when you talk to him	• Can grasp a toy • Rolls over, from tummy to back	• Imitates sounds: "baba," "dada" • Cuts first tooth • May be ready for solid foods
5 months	• Distinguishes between bold colors • Plays with his hands and feet	• Recognizes own name • Turns toward new sounds • Rolls over in both directions	• Sits momentarily without support • Mouths objects • Separation anxiety may begin
6 months	• Turns toward sounds and voices • Imitates sounds • Rolls over in both directions	• Is ready for solid foods • Sits without support • Mouths objects • Passes objects from hand to hand	• Lunges forward or starts crawling • Jabbers or combines syllables • Drags objects toward himself

Child‘s Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
7 months	• Sits without support • Drags objects toward herself	• Lunges forward or starts crawling • Jabbers or combines syllables • Starts to experience stranger anxiety	• Waves goodbye • Stands while holding onto something • Bangs objects together • Begins to understand object permanence
8 months	• Says "mama" and "dada" to both parents (isn‘t specific) • Passes objects from hand to hand	• Stands while holding onto something • Crawls • Points at objects • Searches for hidden objects	• Pulls self to standing, cruises • Picks things up with thumb-finger pincer grasp • Indicates wants with gestures
9 months	• Stands while holding onto something • Jabbers or combines syllables • Understands object permanence	• Cruises while holding onto furniture • Drinks from a sippy cup • Eats with fingers • Bangs objects together	• Plays patty-cake and peek-a-boo • Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent
10 months	• Waves goodbye • Picks things up with pincer grasp • Crawls well, with belly off the ground	• Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent • Indicates wants with gestures	• Stands alone for a couple of seconds • Puts objects into a container
11 months	• Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent • Plays patty-cake and peek-a-boo • Stands alone for a couple of seconds • Cruises	• Understands "no" and simple instructions • Puts objects into a container	• Says one word besides "mama" and "dada" • Stoops from standing position
12 months	• Imitates others‘ activities • Indicates wants with gestures	• Takes a few steps • Says one word besides "mama" and "dada"	• Walks alone • Scribbles with a crayon • Says two words besides "mama" and "dada"

Child‘s Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
13 months	• Uses two words skillfully (e.g., "hi" and "bye") • Bends over and picks up an object	• Enjoys gazing at his reflection • Holds out arm or leg to help you dress him	• Combines words and gestures to make needs known • Rolls a ball back and forth
14 months	• Eats with fingers • Empties containers of contents • Imitates others	• Toddles well • Initiates games • Points to one body part when asked • Responds to instructions (e.g., "give me a kiss")	• Uses a spoon or fork • Matches lids with appropriate containers • Pushes and pulls toys while walking
15 months	• Plays with ball • Uses three words regularly • Walks backward	• Scribbles with a crayon • Runs • Adopts "no" as his favorite word	• "Helps" around the house • Puts his fingers to his mouth and says "shhh"
16 months	• Turns the pages of a book • Has temper tantrums when frustrated • Becomes attached to a soft toy or other object	• Discovers the joy of climbing • Stacks three blocks • Uses spoon or fork • Learns the correct way to use common objects (e.g., the telephone)	• Takes off one piece of clothing by himself • Gets finicky about food • Switches from two naps to one
17 months	• Uses six words regularly • Enjoys pretend games • Likes riding toys	• Feeds doll • Speaks more clearly • Throws a ball underhand	• Dances to music • Sorts toys by color, shape, or size • Kicks ball forward
18 months	• Will "read" board books on his own • Scribbles well	• Strings two words together in phrases • Brushes teeth with help • Stacks four blocks	• Throws a ball overhand • Takes toys apart and puts them back together • Shows signs of toilet training readiness

Child‘s Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
19 months	• Uses a spoon and fork • Runs • Throws a ball underhand • Enjoys helping around the house	• Understands as many as 200 words • Recognizes when something is wrong (e.g., calling a dog a cat)	• Washes and dries own hands with help • Points to picture or object when you call it by name • May know when she needs to pee
20 months	• Feeds doll • Takes off own clothes • Dumps an object in imitation, such as throwing garbage away	• Learns words at a rate of ten or more a day • Can walk up stairs (but probably not down)	• May start exploring genitals • Draws a straight line • Names several body parts
21 months	• Can walk up stairs • Able to set simple goals (e.g., deciding to put a toy in a certain place)	• Throws a ball overhand • Kicks ball forward • Stacks six blocks	• Names simple picture in a book • Can walk down stairs
22 months	• Kicks ball forward • Follows two-step requests (e.g., "Get your doll and bring it here")	• Does simple puzzles • Draws a straight line • Names several body parts	• Puts on loose-fitting clothes • Might be ready for a big bed • Understands opposites (e.g., tall vs. short)
23 months	• Names simple picture in a book • Uses 50 to 70 words	• Opens doors • Sings simple tunes • Takes more of an interest in playing with other kids	• Talks about self (likes, dislikes) • Asks "why?"
24 months	• Names at least six body parts • Half of speech is understandable • Makes two- to three-word sentences	• Talks about self • Arranges things in categories • Can walk down stairs	• Begins to understand abstract concepts (e.g., sooner and later) • Becomes attuned to gender differences • Learns to jump

Child‘s Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
25 and 26 months	• Stacks six blocks • Walks with smooth heel-to-toe motion	• Uses pronouns (e.g., I, me, you) • Washes and dries own hands	• Speaks clearly most of the time • Draws a vertical line
27 and 28 months	• Jumps with both feet • Opens doors	• Understands descriptions (e.g., big, soft) • Draws a vertical line	• Starts to recognize ABCs • Balances on one foot
29 and 30 months	• Brushes teeth with help • Washes and dries own hands • Draws a vertical line	• Draws a circle • Balances on one foot	• Puts on a T-shirt • Names one color • Names one friend

Child‘s Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
31 and 32 months	• Recites own name • Draws a circle	• Puts on a T-shirt • Balances on each foot for a second • Recognizes ABCs • Brushes teeth by herself	• Uses two adjectives • Draws a cross • Points to objects described by use
33 and 34 months	• Names one color • Names one friend • Carries on a simple conversation	• Alternates feet going up and down stairs • Uses prepositions (e.g., on, in, over) • Speaks clearly most of the time (75 percent can be understood) • Stacks eight blocks	• Is toilet trained during the day • Wiggles thumb • Expresses a wide range of emotions • Draws a stick figure
35 and 36 months	• Describes how two objects are used • Uses three to four words in a sentence • Names two actions (e.g., skipping, jumping)	• Hops and skips • Follows a two- or three-part command • Separates fairly easily from parents • Rides a tricycle	• Balances on each foot for three seconds • Gets dressed without help