1. 直接引语如果是客观真理,谚(习)语,变间接引语时时态不变。例如:
The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”→ The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”→My father said practice makes perfect.
2. 直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时时态不变。例如:
The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”→The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.
He said, “We are still students.’→He said they are still students.
3. 直接引语如果有明确的表示过去的时间状语时态不变。例如:
He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”→He told me that he was born in 1978.
The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”→ The engineer said he was at college in 1967.
4.直接引语中凡有When, since,while 引导的从句,在变为间接引语时,只改变主句时态,从句的时态不变。例如:
He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” →He said he had studied English since he was a boy.
She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.→ She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.
Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”→Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.
5.如果直接引语中引述部分含有insist, suggest, demand等引导的虚拟宾语从句,变间接引语时,引语中的主从句时态都不变。例如:
He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.→ He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.
She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”→She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.
另外如果说话人转述自己的话,人称不变. 例如:
I said to him, “I have finished it.”→I told him I had finished it.
如果就在当地转述, here不必变为there,come不必改为go,如果就在当天转述,则today, yesterday, tomorrow等状语不变。例如:
She said to us, I’ll come here tomorrow.”→She told us she would come here tomorrow.
如果在电话上转述别人的话,则前后时态不变。 例如:
Daniel:Please tell Amy I have the information she wants.→Mrs Zhao(said to Amy):Daniel says he has the information you want.
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