String functions are mainly used to change the case of strings,concatenate strings,reverse strings,extract various part of strings and perform many other types of string manipulation. In SQL Server there is a Several built-in string functions to perform string manipulations.All below functions takes string input value and return a string or numeric value. ASCII : Returns the ASCII code value of a character(leftmost character of string).
UNICODE : UNICODE function works just like ASCII function,except returns Unicode standard integer value. UNICODE could be useful if you are working with international character sets.
LOWER : Convert character strings data into lowercase.
UPPER : Convert character strings data into Uppercase.
LEN : Returns the length of the character string.
REPLACE : Replaces all occurrences of the second string(string2) in the first string(string1) with a third string(string3).
LEFT : Returns left part of a string with the specified number of characters counting from left.LEFT function is used to retrieve portions of the string.
RIGHT : Returns right part of a string with the specified number of characters counting from right.RIGHT function is used to retrieve portions of the string.
LTRIM : Returns a string after removing leading blanks on Left side.(Remove left side space or blanks)
RTRIM : Returns a string after removing leading blanks on Right side.(Remove right side space or blanks)
REVERSE : Returns reverse of a input string.
REPLICATE : Repeats a input string for a specified number of times.
SPACE : Returns a string of repeated spaces.The SPACE function is an equivalent of using REPLICATE function to repeat spaces.
SUBSTRING : Returns part of a given string. SUBSTRING function retrieves a portion of the given string starting at the specified character(startindex) to the number of characters specified(length).
STUFF : Deletes a specified length of characters and inserts another set of characters at a specified starting point. STUFF function is useful to inserts a set of characters(string2) into a given string(string1) at a given position.
CHARINDEX : Returns the starting position of the specified string(string1) in a character string(string2).
PATINDEX : PATINDEX function works very similar to CHARINDEX function.PATINDEX function returns the starting position of the first occurrence of a pattern in a specified string, or zeros if the pttern is not found. Using PATINDEX function you can search pattern in given string using Wildcard characters(%).The % character must come before and after pattern.
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