Joan's javaworld - Struts2+Spring2.5+Hibernat...

星天宇 2010-03-16

展开全文

一、Struts2+Spring2.5+Hibernate3搭建过程：
1. Eclipse->New->Danamic Web Project
2. 加入核心jar包：
Struts2核心包:
struts2-core-2.0.11.2.jar
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
freemarker-2.3.8.jar
ognl-2.6.11.jar
xwork-2.0.5.jar
struts2-spring-plugin-2.0.11.2.jar
Spring核心包：
spring.jar
Hibernate核心包：
hibernate3.jar
antlr-2.7.6.jar
asm.jar
asm-attrs.jar
cglib-2.1.3.jar
commons-collections-2.1.1.jar
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
ehcache-1.2.jar
jta.jar
log4j-1.2.11.jar
其他包：ojdbc14.jar、dwr.jar等

3. 提供相关配置文件，修改web.xml
Web.xml配置：

<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>


<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>


<filter>
<filter-name>Spring character encoding filter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>Spring character encoding filter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<error-page>
<exception-type>java.lang.Throwable</exception-type>
<location>/error.jsp</location>
</error-page>

<jsp-config>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>http://java./jsp/jstl/core</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/c.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>http://java./jsp/jstl/fmt</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/fmt.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
</jsp-config>

<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

在src/java下添加struts.xml配置文件：
Struts配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts./dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>
<include file="struts-default.xml"/>

<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8"></constant>
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

<package name="project-default" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
<interceptors>
</interceptors>




<global-results>
<result name=""></result>
</global-results>


<global-exception-mappings>
</global-exception-mappings>

</package>


<include file="struts_demo.xml"/>
</struts>

在src下添加hibernate配置文件及其log4j.properties.（日志记录配置文件，在hibernate包中可以找到）
Hibernate配置文件：
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate./hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">demo</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">demo</property>

<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>

<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping resource="com/isoftstone/ssh/demo/entity/User.hbm.xml"/>

</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

在webroot/WEB-INF下添加spring核心配置文件，提供对hibernate的支持，配置数据源及SessionFactory：
applicationContext-core.xml配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www./schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www./schema/beans http://www./schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">


<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName">
<value>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</value>
</property>
<property name="url">
<value>jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl</value>
</property>
<property name="username">
<value>demo</value>
</property>
<property name="password">
<value>demo</value>
</property>
</bean>


<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref local="dataSource" />
</property>

<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> </props>
</property>
<property name="configLocation">
<value>classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

文件目录结构：

图一、src目录结构

图二、webroot目录结构

测试：配置相关的数据库连接，部署启动项目，看能否正常启动。

二、demo示例程序开发过程：

1. 创建实体类及其hibernate映射文件，创建数据库表。
在com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.entity下创建实体类：User
public class User extends BaseEntity {

private long userId;
private String username;
private String password;
//getters和setters方法省略
}
//BaseEntity为实现Serializable接口的实体类

在entity包下，提供hibernate实体类映射文件如下：
User.hbm.xml
<hibernate-mapping>
<class table="t_user" name="com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.entity.User">
<id name="userId">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="username" unique="true" not-null="true"/>
<property name="password" not-null="true"/>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

在hibernate.cfg.xml中添加资源配置：
<mapping resource=” com/isoftstone/ssh/demo/entity/User.hbm.xml” />

使用hibernate提供的类实现数据库表的创建：
在com.isoftstone.ssh.common.util中，执行ExportDB的main（）方法，生成实体类对应的数据库表(注：在hibernate.cfg.xml中需要暂时提供数据库连接等属性，后期可以采用Ant和xDoclet的方式，自动生成实体类的配置文件及创建数据库表)

2．编写DAO层及其实现类：
编写UserDAO接口，
package com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.integration.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.isoftstone.ssh.common.core.BaseDAO;
import com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.entity.User;

public interface UserDAO extends BaseDAO {

public void createUser(User user);
public void deleteUser(long userId);
public List<User> searchAllUser();

public User loginUser(String username, String password);
}

编写UserDAO类的实现类UserHiberanteDAO,继承HibernateDaoSupport实现UserDAO
package com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.integration.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

import com.isoftstone.ssh.common.core.ProjectException;
import com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.entity.User;
import com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.integration.dao.UserDAO;

public class UserHibernateDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDAO {
@Override
public void createUser(User user) {}

@Override
public void deleteUser(long userId) {}

@Override
public List<User> searchAllUser() {
return getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
}

@Override
public User loginUser(String username, String password) {
User user = findUserByUsername(username);
if(user == null)
throw new ProjectException("用户名不存在:" + username);
if(!user.getPassword().equals(password))
throw new ProjectException("密码不正确!");

return user;
}

private User findUserByUsername(String username){
return (User)
this.getSession().createQuery("select u from
com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.entity.User u where u.username=?")
.setParameter(0, username)
.uniqueResult();
}

}

在applicationContext-demo.xml中配置DAO，纳入spring的IOC容器管理，

<bean id="userDAO" class="com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.integration.dao.impl.UserHibernateDAO" scope="prototype">
<property name="sessionFactory">
<ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
</property>
</bean>

（注意：HibernateDaoSupport由Spring框架提供，对hibernate提供了支持，其使用和hibernate的session基本一致；配置DAO类时，注意设置scope属性为“prototype”类型）

3.编写Service层及其实现类
编写UserService接口：
package com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.biz.service;

import java.util.List;
import com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.entity.User;

public interface UserService {
public void createUser(User user);
public void deleteUser(long userId);
public List<User> searchAllUser();
public User loginUser(String username, String password);
}

编写service实现类：UserPojoService
package com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.biz.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import com.isoftstone.ssh.common.core.BaseService;
import com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.biz.service.UserService;
import com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.entity.User;
import com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.integration.dao.UserDAO;

public class UserPojoService extends BaseService implements UserService {

@Override
public void createUser(User user) {}
@Override
public void deleteUser(long userId) {}
@Override
public List<User> searchAllUser() {
UserDAO userDAO = (UserDAO) context.getBean("userDAO");
return userDAO.searchAllUser();
}

@Override
public User loginUser(String username, String password) {

UserDAO userDAO = (UserDAO) context.getBean("userDAO");
return userDAO.loginUser(username, password);
}
}

在applicationContext-demo.xml中配置Service，纳入spring的IOC容器管理，

<bean id="userService" class="com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.biz.service.impl.UserPojoService">
</bean>
（注意：UserPojoService实现类继承了BaseService类，BaseService实现类Service接口及其 BeanNameAware, DisposableBean,InitializingBean, BeanFactoryAware等spring提供的工具类，在spring启动的时候会自动注入相关的属性，这样在其实现类中可是直接通过配置的beanName使用spring容器中的相关bean等，如context.getBean(“beanName”);）

4. 编写Struts2的Action控制器
在com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.web.action包中创建LoginAction
package com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.web.action;

import com.isoftstone.ssh.common.core.AbstractAction;
import com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.biz.service.UserService;
import com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.entity.User;

public class LoginAction extends AbstractAction {

private UserService userService;
private User user = new User();

@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
user = userService.loginUser(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword());
getSession().put("user", user);
logger.debug("logger信息 : " + user.getUsername() + " : " + user.getPassword() + ": " + user.getUserId());
return SUCCESS;
}

@Override
public User getViewModel() {
return user;
}

public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
this.userService = userService;
}
}

在spring配置文件中添加action类的配置：
<bean id="LoginAction"
class="com.isoftstone.ssh.demo.web.action.LoginAction"
scope="prototype">
<property name="userService" ref="userService"/>
</bean>

配置Struts配置文件，在struts-demo.xml添加配置文件：
<struts>
<package name="user" extends="project-default">
<action name="login" class="LoginAction">
<result>/welcome.jsp</result>
<result name="input">/login.jsp</result>
</action>


</package>
</struts>

在struts.xml中添加子文件：
<include file="struts_demo.xml"/>

注意：（1. LoginAction 继承于抽象类AbstractAction，AbstractAction继承了Struts2的ActionSupport类，及其实现了ModelDriven, SessionAware, ParameterAware等接口，提供getRequest()，getSession()以及日志记录logger等，在common/util包中可以查看其代码；2. struts2对spring提供了支持，通过struts2-spring-plugin-2.0.11.2.jar包，Action类是交给spring的ioc容器管理，且scope属性为prototype，spring默认为singleton，Struts2不同于Struts1的单实例，不需要考虑线程安全问题；3. Struts配置文件中，action的class属性为spring配置的Action Bean的名字）

5. 页面显示，配置Struts2的验证器
在login.jsp中使用sturts的标签做显示，如：
//struts2标签
<s:form method="post" action="login.action">
<s:textfield name="username" key="username" label="用户名"/>
<s:textfield name="password" key="password" label="密码"/>
<s:submit value="登录系统"/>
</s:form>

实现struts2的验证器，在LoginAction的包下添加配置文件（可从struts2的jar包中找到资源文件）
package.properties：（用于定义国际化消息文本）
HelloWorld.message= Struts is up and running ...
requiredstring = ${getText(fieldName)} is required.
password = Password
username = Username

LoginAction-validation.xml：
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
"-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"
"http://www./xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">

<validators>
<field name="username">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<message key="requiredstring"/>
</field-validator>
</field>
<field name="password">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<message key="requiredstring"/>
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>

注意：（sturts2的验证功能是通过interception拦截器实现的，在struts-default.xml文件中，默认是开启验证功能）

6. 其他：在common/core包中提供了自定义异常等类，在sturts.xml中配置了全局异常处理等


<global-results>
<result name="exception">
/common/error.jsp
</result>
<result name="login">/login.jsp</result>
</global-results>


<global-exception-mappings>
<exception-mapping exception="com.isoftstone.ssh.common.core.ProjectException" result="exception" />
</global-exception-mappings>