ssh-copy-id是ssh client套件內一個預設的指令,簡單的來說他只是一個script,當你在本機電腦已經有產生了RSA or DSA authentication,可以透過ssh-copy-id的指令將認證傳送到遠端主機。 如何建立RSA or DSA authentication? $ ssh-keygen -t dsa (ssh-keygen -t rsa) Generating public/private dsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_dsa) RSA與DSA的差異 ssh-keygen can create RSA keys for use by SSH protocol version 1 and RSA or DSA keys for use by SSH protocol version 2
ssh-copy-id的運用 $ ssh-copy-id.orig -i ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub wawa@remotehost
wawa@remotehost's password: (需要輸入一次密碼) Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh 'wawa@remotehost'", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting. 簡單的執行 ssh-copy-id.orig -i 認證檔案 帳號@主機 就可以完成認證,之後就可以直接不敲密碼就ssh連線到遠端主機 基本上對外服務的主機,ssh listen port都會改掉預設的22 port,如此一來可以減少主機被入侵的機會,更改ssh listen port是最基本的第一道防線,請將設定檔內的 Port 22 進行更改,並且重新啟動ssh的服務。 但是當您改掉ssh listen port之後,ssh-copy-id這個好用的指令將無法運用,這樣一來不是很可惜嗎?於是我們就可以對ssh-copy-id這個script進行一些修改,讓他可以 支援指定不同的service port 。 更改ssh-copy-id $ cp /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id.orig
$ vi /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id #!/bin/sh
# Shell script to install your identity.pub on a remote machine # Takes the remote machine name as an argument. # Obviously, the remote machine must accept password authentication, # or one of the other keys in your ssh-agent, for this to work. ID_FILE="${HOME}/.ssh/identity.pub" while getopts ':i:p:P:h' OPTION do case $OPTION in i) if [ -n "$OPTARG" ]; then if expr "$OPTARG" : ".*.pub" > /dev/null ; then ID_FILE="$OPTARG" else ID_FILE="$OPTARG.pub" fi fi ;; P|p) PORT=$OPTARG; ;; h) echo "Usage: $0 [-i [identity_file]] [user@]machine" >&2 exit 1 ;; esac; done; shift $(($OPTIND - 1)) if [ $# -lt 1 ] && [ x$SSH_AUTH_SOCK != x ] ; then GET_ID="$GET_ID ssh-add -L" fi if [ -z "`eval $GET_ID`" ] && [ -r "${ID_FILE}" ] ; then GET_ID="cat ${ID_FILE}" fi if [ -z "`eval $GET_ID`" ]; then echo "$0: ERROR: No identities found" >&2 exit 1 fi if [ -z $PORT ]; then PORTOPTION="" else PORTOPTION="-p $PORT " fi; { eval "$GET_ID" ; } | ssh $PORTOPTION $1 "umask 077; test -d .ssh || mkdir .ssh ; cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys" || exit 1 cat <<EOF Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh $PORTOPTION'$1'", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting. EOF 主要是增加了port的設定進去,建議可以直接複製貼上取代即可。 以上script參考來源:http://blog.vieth.biz/2009/03/23/ssh-copy-id-with-port/ ssh-copy-id with port的運用 $ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub -p 1234 wawa@remotehost
wawa@remotehost's password: (需要輸入一次密碼) Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh -p 1234 'wawa@remotehost'", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting. ssh-copy-id with port的認證就完成囉! 以前建立ssh的認證老是很麻煩,自己先讀取一下本機pub檔案的內容,之後連到遠端主機在自己貼上,有時候還會遇到目錄檔案權限的問題無法順利完成認證,認識ssh-copy-id這個指令後一切更方便了,希望對於常常管理主機的您也有幫助唷! |
|