英语前缀后缀表 后缀 1, -ability 表名词,“能,性质”possibility 2, -able 表形容词,“可…的”believable 3, -aceous, -acious 表形容词,“有…特征的”delicious 4, -acity 表名词, “有…倾向”capacity 5, -acy 表名词, “性质, 状态”privacy 6, -age 表名词, “状态, 总称”, “场所”, “费用”percentage, village, cottage, postage 7, -ain 表名词 “人”captain 8, -aire 表名词 “人”millionaire 9, -al 表形容词 “…的”personal, continental, rural 10, -ality 表名词 “状态,性质”personality, nationality 11, -ally 表副词 “…地”dramatically 12, -an 表名词和形容词 “人”American, Roman 13, -ance, ence 表名词, “性质,状况”difference 14, -ancy 表名词 “性质, 状况”vacancy, redundancy 15, -ant, -ent 表形容词 “…的”distant, different 16, -ar 表形容词 “…的”familiar 表名词, “人”liar, beggar 17, -ard 表名词, “不好的人”bastard, coward, laggard 18, -arian 表名词, “…的人”vegetarian, 19, -ary 表形容词, “…的” imaginary, elementary 20, -ate 表动词, “做, 造成”graduate, frustrate 21, -atic 表形容词, “有…性质”diplomatic 22, -ation 表名词 “行为, 过程, 结果”election, production 23, -ative 表形容词 “有…倾向”active 24, -ator 表名词, “做事的人或物”dictator, generator 25, -atory 表形容词, “有…性质”explanatory 26, -cy 表名词 “性质, 状态”privacy 27, -dom 表名词 “状态”freedom 28, -ee 表名词 “被动的或主动的人”employee, examinee 29, -eer 表名词 “人员”engineer 30, -el 表名词 “人或物”novel, channel 31, -en 表动词 “变成”shorten, darken 32, -ency 表名词 “状态,性质”efficiency 33, -ent 表形容词, “…的”excellent 表名词 “人”student, resident 34, -eous 表形容词, “有…的”courteous, 35, -er 表名词 “人”singer, leader, writer 表动词 “反复做”mutter, chatter, waver 36, -ern 表形容词, “…方向的”eastern, western, southern 37, -ery 表名词 “场所”, “行为”nursery, rosery, robbery, bravery 38, -esque 表形容词 “如…的”picturesque 39, -ess 表名词 “女性”poetess, goddess, actress 40, -et, -let 表名词, “小东西”circlet, booklet 41, -etic 表形容词, “属于…的”theoretic, energetic 42, -ette 表名词, “小的东西或状态”kitchenette 43, -ety 表名词 “状态”anxiety 44, -eur 表名词 “…人”amateur, entrepreneur 45, -faction 表名词 “达到的状态”satisfaction 46, -fold 表形容词或副词 “双重”threefold 47, -form 表形容词, “有…状态的”uniform 48, -ful 表形容词, “有…的”beautiful, wonderful 表名词 “满, 量”handful, spoonful 49, -hood 表名词, “时期, 性质”childhood, boyhood 50, -ial 表形容词 “有…的”judicial, beneficial 51, -ian 表名词 “某种人”historian, librarian 52, -ibility 表名词 “具备…性质的”sensibility, possibility 53, -ible 表形容词 “能…的”possible, credible 54, -ic 表形容词, “…的”scientific, fantastic 55, -ics 表名词, “学科, 学术”physics, mathematics 56, -id 表形容词, “如…的”valid, humid 57, -ific 表形容词, “产生…的”scientific, terrific 58, -ify 表动词, “…化”purify, clarify 59, -ile 表示形容词 “…的”juvenile, fertile 表示名词 “物体”missile 60, -ine 表形容词, “…的”, 表名词 “状态, 药物”elephantine, discipline, routine 61, -ing 表名词, “状态”feeling, learning表形容词 “正…的” 62, -ion, -tion, -sion 表名词 “动作或状态”production, union, decision 63, -ior, “较…的”superior, junior 64, -ious “…的”curious, spacious 65, -ise , -ize 表动词 “…化”memorize, advertise 66, -ish 表形容词 “像…一样”foolish, selfish表动词 “造成” 67, -ism 表名词 “…主义, 宗教”socialism, capitalism 表示 ”学术或学术流派”modernism 68, -ist 表名词 “表示信仰者, 专家或从事人”communist 69, -istic 表形容词, 由 ist+ic 构成, 表示 “…的”artistic 70, -ite 表形容词, “有…的”polite, 71, ition 表名词, “行为过程, 状态”definition, 72, -itude 表名词, “性质, 状态”attitude, 73, -ity 表名词, 指具备某种性质probability 74, -ive 表形容词, 根据不同的单词结尾可分-sive, ative, ive, itivepassive, active, 表名词, “人或物”detective, locomotive 75, -ization 表名词, 来自-ize+ation “…化或发展过程”modernization, organization 76, -less 表形容词, “无…的”helpless, careless 77, -like 表形容词, “像…一样”dreamlike, childlike 78, -ling 表名词, “小东西或某种人”duckling, gosling, darling 79, -ly 表形容词, 通常加在名词后timely, lively, friendly 表副词, 通常放在形容词后greatly, briefly, mainly 80, -ment 表名词, “行为或结果”movement, agreement 81, -most 表形容词, “最…的”headmost, outmost 82, -ness 表名词, “性质, 状态”kindness, business 83, -ory 表形容词 “…的”introductory, 表名词, 指场所factory, dormitory 84, -ous 表形容词, “…的”dangerous, lustrous 85, -proof 表形容词, “防…的”waterproof, rainproof 86, -ress 表名词 “指女性”actress, waitress, 87, -ship 表名词, “表示某种关系或状态”friendship, hardship 88, -some 表形容词, “充满…的, 具有…倾向的”handsome, 89, -th 表名词, 通常指抽象名词warmth, growth, strength 90, -ture 表名词, “一般状态, 行为”miniature, conjecture, denture, mixture 91, -ward 表形容词, 副词, “向…”downward, upward, northward 92, -wise 表副词, “方向, 状态”clockwise, likewise 93, -y 表形容词, rainy, windy
前缀 1, a- 1) 加在单词或词根前面,表示“不,无,非”。acentric; amoral; 2) 加在单词前,表示“在,的”asleep; aside 2, ab-, abs- 加在词根前,表示“相反,变坏,离去”abnormal,; abuse 3, ab-, ac-, ad-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-加在同辅音字母的词根前,表示“一再”等加强意。accompany, accomplish, affirm, attract 4, ad-加在单词或词根前,表示“做,加强”。adapt, adopt, adjoin, adjust, adventure 5, amphi- “两个,两种”。amphibian 6, an-在词根前,表示“不,无”。anonymous, anarchism 7, ana-表示“错误,在旁边,分开”analogy, analysis 8, ante-表示“前面,先”antedate, anterior, antecedent 9, anti-表示“反对,相反”antiwar, antitank, antibody 10, apo- 表示“离开,远离”apogee 11, auto-“自动,自己”automobile, automatic, autograph 12, be- 1) 构成动词,表示“使成为”befall, befriend, behold 2) 构成介词beside, behind, below, before, beneath 13, bene-“善,好”benefaction, benediction, beneficent 14, bi-表示“两个”biweekly, bilingual, biennial, 15, by-“在旁边,副的”byroad, byway, bywork 16, circum-“环绕,周围” 17, co-表示“共同”,通常方在元音词根前。Coeducation, cohabit, coexist, coincide 18, col-, cor-在同辅音词根前,表示“共同”。collapse, colleague, collect 19, com-, con- “共同”combine, compassion, commotion, 20,contra-表示“反对,相反”contrary, contradict, contravene, 21,counter-表示“反对,相反”counteract, counterbalance, 22,de- 表示“去掉,变坏,离开,变慢,向下”等destruction, demobilize. desalt 表示“使…成为,加强”等depict 23.di- 表示“两个,双”dichromatic, dioxide 表示“使…变成,分开,离开”digest 24,dia- 表示“穿过,二者之间”dialogue, diameter 25,dif- 和辅音重复表示“不,否定,分开”differ, difference, diffident 26,dis- 表示“不,消失掉”dislike, disorder, dishonest 表示“分开,分离”dispart, disseminate, dispense 27,dys-表示“坏,不良”dyspepsia, dyslexia, dysfunction 28,e-,ef- 表示“出,出来”evaluate, elongate, elaborate 29,em-,en- 表示“进入…之中,包围”embrace, embed, empathy 表示“使…进入状态”empower, embitter, embody 30,epi-表示“在…上,在…周围,在…后面”epidermal, epidemic, epigram 31,eu-表示“好,优秀”eulogize, euphemism, euphonious 32,ex- 表示“出,出去”export, exclude, expel 表示“前面的,前任的”ex-wife, ex-president, 33,exo-表示“外部的,外面” exogamy, exotic 34,extra-表示“以外的,超过的”extracurriculum, extraordinary, 35,fore-表示“前面,预先”foresee, forehead, forestall 36,hetero-表示“异类,异种”heterosexual, heterodoxy, 37,homo-表示“同类的”homogeneous, homonym 38,hyper-表示“超过,太多”hyperactive, hypersensitive, 39,hypo-表示“下面,次等”hypodermic, hypocrisy, hypocrite 40,il-, ir- 放在同辅音词根前表示“不,无”illegal, illiterate, illogical, 表示“使…成为,进入”illustrate, illuminate, illusion, 41,im-,in- 表示“不,无,非”impossible, immoral, impolite, 表示“向内,进入”import, imprison, immigrate 42,inter-表示“在…之间,相互”international, interpersonal, 43,intro-表示“向内,入内”introduce, introspect, introvert 44,macro-表示“宏伟,大”macroworld, macrostructure, 45,mal-表示“坏,恶”(亦作male)malcontent, malpractice ,malnutrition 46,micro-表示“微,小”microscope, microworld, microskirt 47,mini-表示“小”minibus, miniskirt, miniwar, 48,mis-表示“错误,坏”mistake, misspell, misunderstand, 49,mono-表示“单个,一个”monarch, monogamy, monologue 50,multi-表示“多,很多”multilingual, multidirectional, multiple 51,neo-表示“新的”neonatal 52,non-表示“不,非”nonexistent, nonsmoking, nonstop 53,omni-表示“全部,到处”omnipresent, omnipotent, omniscient 54,out- 表示“超过,过度”outdo, outlive, outnumber 表示“出去,过时”outside, outgoing, outlandish 55,over- 表示“过度,过分”overstudy, overwork, overact 表示“在…之上”overlap, override, overwhelm 表示“翻转”overturn, overthrow, overhaul 56,paleo-表示“古,旧”paleozoology 57,pan-表示“广泛的”pan-American, panacea 58,para- 表示“半,类似,辅助”paramilitary, parapolitical 表示“在旁边”paradigm, paradox, paragon 表示“降落伞”parachute, paratroops, paradrop 59, pen-“近似,差不多”peninsula 60, per-“贯穿,自始至终”perspective 61, poly-“多”polygon 62, post- 1)“在后面”postwar, postpone 2)“邮件”postoffice 63, pre-“前的,预先”preschool, prefix 64, pro-“向前”prolong 65, proto-“原始”prototype 66, pseudo-“假”pseudonym 67, re-“向后,重新”reappear, rewrite, review 68, se-“分开,离开”sever, seduce 69, sub-“下,次”submerge 70, sur-“超过,在上面”surface, surpass 71, super-“超过”supermarket, 72, trans-“横过”transmit, transform 73, un-“不,非”unreal 74, under- “在…下”underground, undersea 75, intra-“在内,内部”intranational 76, kilo-“一千”kilogram 77, milli-“千”millimeter 78, tri-“三”triangle 79, uni-“一个”uniform 80, vice-“副”vice-president |
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