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一般现在时
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动词用原形
三人称单数-s / es
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表示经常性的
动作或状态
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Every often always on 天 in月、季、节、年。
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一般-s –es 辅音＋y---ies
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have----has
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He goes to school every day.
I often have lunch at home.
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一般过去时
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动词用过去时
Be—was/ were
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表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态
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ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等
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一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－ied
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go-went come-came
do-did leave-left等
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He wrote a letter yesterday.
I studied hard last year.
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一般将来时
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be going to＋V原
will / shall + V原
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在将来某个时间或
某段时要做的事
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tomorrow / after
next / tonight in 2010
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Go come leave stay
fly等用进行表将来
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Are you going to read ?
He is coming tomorrow .
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现在进行时
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be＋doing
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表此时此刻正进行的动作或状态
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listen look now
all the time Don’t…
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一般去e 双写
+ing
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tie die lie –
变ie为y加ing
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Tom is writing now .
They are lying on the bed .
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现在完成时
现在完成进行
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have / has +PP
have/has been+doing
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发生在过去影响在现在的动作或状态等
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含糊的频率副词 already just never ever
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分词规则的同过去式是一样的
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不规则的动词的过去分词需逐个记忆
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I have been teaching for 8 years.
He has slept for two days.
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.过去进行时
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was / were +doing
多用于复合句中
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表在过去某时间正在进行的动作
|
at this time yesterday
last Sunday evening
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一般去e 双写
+ing
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tie die lie –
变ie为y加ing
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He was reading at that time
last Friday
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过去完成时
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had+动过去分词
多用于复合句中
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该动作发生在过去的过去
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by the time＋过去时
when after before
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规则的分词构成与过去时一样的
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需要逐个记忆
详见不规则动词表
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We had learnt 2000 words
by the end of last year.
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过去将来时
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would + V 原形
多用宾语从句中
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过去看来将要发生的动作或状态
|
He said that he… the next day .
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|
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He said that he would come here the next day .
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比较级形式
形容副词名词
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后--er 前加more
名词比较用more
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表示两个人、物
之间进行比较时
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than /much/ a little
far / in the two 等
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一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－ier
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good/well —better
much/many—more
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She is the tall in the two.
He runs faster than Tom .
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最高级形式
形容副词名词
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后-est 前加most
名词比较用most
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大于等于三个人、物之间进行比较
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in the ＋比较范围
of the 具体的数字
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一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－iest
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bad/ill/badly-worst
far-farther-farthest
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She is the most beautiful
in her class.(最高级加the)
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动词不定式
to do没有人称和数的变化
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作主语
To read is helpful for anybody now .
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作宾语
He wants to buy a dictionary.
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作宾补
I hear him sing yesterday
Tom told me to open it.
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作表语
His job is to take care of children .
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作状语
He’ll go to see a doctor tomorrow .
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作定语
He has much homework
to do every day .
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主从复合句
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状语从句
句子作状语 （时间地点原因条件让步比较）
He was writing a letter when I came in。
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宾语从句
句子作宾语（语序、时态、引导词、客观事实）
He asked me if I had been to Beijing before.
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定语从句
句子作定语（修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词）
I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday
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主动结构
与
被动结构
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主动语态：主语（人、物）+ 谓语 + 宾语
动作执行者 + 及物动词 + 动作承受者
被动语态：主语（人、物）+be PP + by宾语
动作承受者 + be PP + by动作执行者
在被动语态中没有可以省to 的不定式
|
We speak English .
主语 谓语 宾语
English is spoken by us
宾改主 谓语动词 be PP 主by 宾
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主动变被动，先找主、谓、宾，宾改主、主by宾，代词变格要细心，谓语动词be pp,时态随主、数随被
PP 是及物动词的过去分词加ed 或不规则详见表
被动句的时态（be）随主动句的时态（do）人称和数应随被动句的主语(am、is、are、was、were等 )
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