最有用的命令之一是那些提供帮助的命令(特别是对那些学习 Linux 的人而言)。Linux 中的两个重要的信息来源是联机参考手册,或 man 页面和 whatis 工具。您可以用 whatis 命令来访问一个不熟悉的命令的 man 页面。
$ whatis echo
要了解关于这个命令的更多信息,可以使用:
$ man echo
如果您不知道某个特殊任务所需的命令,您可以用 man -k (也称为 apropos)和一个主题来生成可能的命令。例如:
$ man -k files
一个很有用但常常被忽视的命令可以提供关于使用 man 本身的信息:
$ man man
您可以用 SPACEBAR 来浏览任意的 man 页面;UP ARROW 将向上翻滚文件。.要退出,则输入 q,!,或 CTRL-Z。
通过makewahtis建立wathis所需数据库
[root@server1 ~]# whatis ls ls (1) - list directory contents ls (1p) - list directory contents [root@server1 ~]# whatis cat cat (1) - concatenate files and print on the standard output cat (1p) - concatenate and print files
里面的1和1p是section 常见的包括
Sections of the Manual Pages The manual Sections are traditionally defined as follows: 1 Commands (Programs) Those commands that can be executed by the user from within a shell. 2 System calls Those functions which must be performed by the kernel. 3 Library calls Most of the libc functions. 4 Special files (devices) Files found in /dev. 5 File formats and conventions The format for /etc/passwd and other human-readable files. 6 Games 7 Conventions and miscellaneous Overviews of various topics, conventions and protocols, character set standards, and miscellaneous other things. 8 System management commands Commands like mount(8), many of which only root can execute.
此外: man-pages currently includes pages from the POSIX.1 standard in Section 0p (Header Files), 1p (Commands), and 3p (Functions).
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