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写作指导 (2) 提纲作文 提纲作文是近几年高考英语书面表达的热点题型。命题者通常把提纲作文与其他常用文体形式(如书信、报道、通知、日记等)有机结合在一起进行考查，使该类书面表达试题综合性越来越强。 1．提纲作文的特点 提纲作文就是把文章的情景和内容要求分成块，以条目的形式列出，请考生据此进行写作。这实际上是对考生思路和文章写作范围所作的明确限定。因此，提纲中所列举的要点要全部涉及到，一个也不能遗漏。 2．思维空间灵活、开放 为了提高文章档次，考生应在保证内容要点齐全的同时进行合理而又紧扣主题的发挥。因此，该类型的书面表达具有一定的灵活性，能较好地体现考生的英语思维能力。 3．提纲作文的写作步骤一般分为：审题，明确文体形式；构思，根据提纲全面构思文章内容，根据内容构思词语和句型结构；写作完稿，根据构思的词语和句型结构，按照合理的顺序和语言要求，连句成文。注意句子间的正确联系，注意词语的丰富和句型的多样。 要点：1.听、说、读、写中，听是基础。 2．没有听力，英语考试是不全面的。 3．听是获取信息的重要途径。 注意：1.短文中应包括上述三个要点，并适当增加你自己的意见； 2．开头部分和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数； 3．词数：120～150。 Dear Editor， With the development of economy，it’s more and more important to have a good command of English. ___________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Ming 案例分析 ………………………………………………. ⊙ 第一步：审题。分析题目和提纲可知，这封书信的体裁应该是议论文。论点是“高考英语听力测试的必要性”，论据包括要点所提供的三点。因文章需要发表自己的意见，故使用第一人称。 第二步：构思。文章应该按照“总——分——总”的结构分为三段。 第一段提出问题(论点)：It is quite necessary that listening test should be added to the College Entrance Examination. 第二段分析问题(用论据论证)： (1)Listening is very important.Listening，speaking，reading and writing are the four basic parts of learning a foreign language. (2)The English examination itself wouldn’t be complete and perfect if there weren’t listening test. (3)In communication with foreigners，if we can’t understand what they say，how can we express ourselves freely? 第三段解决问题(给出结论)：So we must take advantage of every chance to practise listening to develop our English to meet the needs of our society. 第三步：完稿。根据要点，按照逻辑顺序重新组织材料，力求拼写正确，行文连贯，链接自然，语言规范，词语丰富，句型多样，语法结构准确无误，表达简明扼要，慎用长难句。 With the development of economy，it’s more and more important to have a good command of English.I think it is quite necessary that listening test should be added to the College Entrance Examination. As we know，in the study of English，listening is very important.Listening，speaking，reading and writing are the four basic parts of learning a foreign language.Without listening，we can’t get along well with the others.Furthermore，the English examination itself wouldn’t be complete and perfect if there weren’t listening test in it.It also can’t reflect the overall ability of the students in learning a foreign language.What’s more，in communication with foreigners，if we can’t understand what they say，how can we express ourselves freely? So we must take advantage of every chance to practise listening to develop our English to meet the needs of our society. Yours sincerely， Li Ming 一、通常方式 1．生日聚会 2．生日礼物 3．生日祝福 二、我认为更有意义的庆祝方式和理由 词数：120～150 【参考答案】 Chinese students celebrate their birthdays in different ways，but the most common way is to hold a birthday party，at which friends get together to have fun drinking，singing and dancing.On the birthday，one usually receives nice gifts and good wishes from friends and parents.Sometimes，parents will prepare a special dinner or a cake to show their love for their children. Since birthday celebration is one of the important activities in one’s life，it can be done in more meaningful ways.For example，we can buy some flowers or cook a delicious meal for our mothers on that day.In this way，we express thanks to our parents in return for their love. |
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