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1、MyEclipse下建立新的Web Porject 8 配置struts.properties文件，指定spring作为struts的IoC容器 struts.objectFactory = spring (1)默认的autowiring模式是：by name 即如果applicationContext.xml文件中的bean id与struts.xml文件中的action name相同，就 (2)如果要改为其他模式： struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name|type|auto|constructor 例: struts.i18n.encoding=ISO-8859-1 9配置web.xml文件，启动Spring侦听器 <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> 10 在WEB-INF目录下的applicationContext.xml文件 例： <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www./dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans default-autowire="autodetect"> <bean id="personManager" class="com.acme.PersonManager"/> </beans > 11 设置由Spring来初始化action 11.1 在Spring的applicationContext.xml文件中配置bean（即action类） 11.2 将struts.xml中的action的class属性，由class名改为Spring中定义的bean名 例如： (1)applicationContext.xml中，定义bean id是bar <beans default-autowire="autodetect"> <bean id="bar" class="com.my.BarClass" singleton="false"/> ... </beans> (2)struts.xml中，action的class="bar"，而不是通常的类名 <package name="secure" namespace="/secure" extends="default"> <action name="bar" class="bar"> <result>bar.ftl</result> </action> </package > 启动运行： 报错 log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.core.CollectionFactory). log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly. 2008-8-6 9:29:16 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log 信息: Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext 2008-8-6 9:29:18 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart 严重: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:org/apache/commons/pool/impl/GenericObjectPool at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:883) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:839) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:440) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$1.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:380) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:264) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:261) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:164) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:429) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:729) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:381) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:255) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:199) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:45) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:3827) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4334) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:771) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:525) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:920) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:883) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:492) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1138) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:311) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:719) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:566) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413) Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/pool/impl/GenericObjectPool at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredConstructors0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredConstructors(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredConstructor(Unknown Source) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:54) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:877) ... 40 more 2008-8-6 9:29:18 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start 严重: Error listenerStart 2008-8-6 9:29:18 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start 严重: Context [/ssh] startup failed due to previous errors 原因： 找不到 Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/pool/impl/GenericObjectPool 就Apache所提供的基本对象池。 解决： 到这里http://commons./downloads/download_pool.cgi下载包，然后,把里面的commons-pool-x.jar复制到项目的lib文件夹下 错误: log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.core.CollectionFactory). log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly. 解决: 在WEB-INF/class 目录下建立一个log4j.properties文件,内容如下: log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,stdout log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %5p (%F:%L) - %m%n 警告: 信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.13 log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources). log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly. 2008-8-6 9:40:09 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log 信息: Initializing WebApplicationContext for Struts ActionServlet 'action', module '' 2008-08-06 09:40:29,859 DEBUG (CollectionFactory.java:195) - Creating [java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap] 2008-8-6 9:40:29 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log 信息: Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext 2008-08-06 09:40:29,906 INFO (ContextLoader.java:189) - Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started 2008-08-06 09:40:30,203 INFO (AbstractApplicationContext.java:412) - Refreshing org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext@1df59bd: display name [Root WebApplicationContext]; startup date [Wed Aug 06 09:40:30 CST 2008]; root of context hierarchy 2008-08-06 09:40:30,406 DEBUG (CollectionFactory.java:195) - Creating [java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap] index.jsp <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="GBK"%> .errorLabel { .errorMessage { BUG: 2008-8-6 10:58:02 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke 严重: Servlet.service() for servlet jsp threw exception The Struts dispatcher cannot be found. This is usually caused by using Struts tags without the associated filter. Struts tags are only usable when the request has passed through its servlet filter, which initializes the Struts dispatcher needed for this tag. - [unknown location] at org.apache.struts2.views.jsp.TagUtils.getStack(TagUtils.java:60) at org.apache.struts2.views.jsp.StrutsBodyTagSupport.getStack(StrutsBodyTagSupport.java:52) at org.apache.struts2.views.jsp.ComponentTagSupport.doStartTag(ComponentTagSupport.java:49) at org.apache.jsp.index_jsp._jspx_meth_s_005fhead_005f0(index_jsp.java:126) at org.apache.jsp.index_jsp._jspService(index_jsp.java:94) at org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803) at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:393) at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:320) at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:266) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:230) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:175) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:128) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:104) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:261) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:844) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:581) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:447) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) 解决:web.xml添加 <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class> org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> |
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