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Linux下让Oracle服务自动启动与停止 (2009-01-04 16:30:28)
默认地，如果在Windows下安装Oracle的话，会注册相应的服务，并随着操作系统启动而自动启动。但是，在Linux（环境是：RHEL5.2）下却需要进行一些配置才能实现这个功能。具体如下：
一、修改Oracle系统配置文件/etc/oratab [root@RHEL ~]# gedit /etc/oratab /etc/oratab 格式为： SID:ORACLE_HOME:AUTO，把AUTO域设置为Y(大写)。只有这样，oracle 自带的dbstart和dbshut才能够发挥作用。我的环境为：orcl:/usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1:Y 二、编写服务脚本 [root@RHEL ~]# gedit /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle 内容为： #!/bin/bash # #################FUNCTION############# # # AutoStart Oracle and listener Using dbstart # AutoStop Oracle and listener Using dbstop # ##################################### # # Edited by LDY 2009-01-04 # ORACLE_HOME=/usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/oracle.log case "$1" in start) echo "Starting Oracle Databases ... " echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> $LOG 2>&1 date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Databasee as part of system up." >> $LOG 2>&1 su - oracle -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart" >> $LOG 2>&1 echo "Done." date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> $LOG 2>&1 echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> $LOG 2>&1 touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle ;; stop) echo "Stopping Oracle Databases ... " echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> $LOG 2>&1 date +" %T %a %D : Stopping Oracle Databases as part of system down." >> $LOG 2>&1 su - oracle -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut" >> $LOG 2>&1 echo "Done." date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> $LOG 2>&1 echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> $LOG 2>&1 rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle ;; restart) $0 stop $0 start ;; *) echo "Usage: oracle {start|stop|restart}" exit 1 esac 保存后，需要修改一下权限： [root@RHEL ~]# chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle 关于这部分服务的编写，可以参考/etc/rc.d/init.d下其他服务，比如iptables之类的。 三、建立服务连接 系统启动时启动数据库，我们需要以下连结∶ [root@RHEL ~]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/S99oracle [root@RHEL ~]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S99oracle [root@RHEL ~]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S99oracle #rc4.d unused 要在重新启动时停止数据库，我们需要以下连结∶ [root@RHEL ~]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K01oracle # stop [root@RHEL ~]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K01oracle # restart 四、修改dbstart和dbshut 尽管在服务脚本中，用到了dbstart和dbshut，但是还不知道里面有些什么。其实，还是需要简单地修改一下这两个文件，以便正确启动oracle 监听服务。 [oracle@RHEL ~]$ gedit $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart 可以在内容中找到： # Set this to bring up Oracle Net Listener ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/ade/vikrkuma_new/oracle if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener" else LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log # Start Oracle Net Listener if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then echo "$0: Starting Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG 2>&1 $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl start >> $LOG 2>&1 & export VER10LIST=`$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl version | grep "LSNRCTL for " | cut -d' ' -f5 | cut -d'.' -f1` else echo "Failed to auto-start Oracle Net Listene using $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr" fi fi 这部分内容是启动Oracle监听服务，但是它指定的路径却是：/ade/vikrkuma_new/oracle。需要修改一下，变成我们自己的安装路径： ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 需要说明的是，如果监听(Listener)的名字不是标准的，那么还需要修改：$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl start 为$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl start [监听名]。 [oracle@RHEL ~]$ gedit $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut 找遍内容，却没有发现有关于停止监听服务的内容。为了于dbstart对应，在文件中添加如下内容（其中着色部分是添加的内容）： ....................................................... # Save LD_LIBRARY_PATH SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH # Added by ldy 2009-01-04 # Set this to stop Oracle Net Listener ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-stop Oracle Net Listener" else LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then echo "$0: Stopping Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG 2>&1 $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl stop >> $LOG 2>&1 & export VER10LIST=`$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl version | grep "LSNRCTL for " | cut -d' ' -f5 | cut -d'.' -f1` echo "Failed to auto-stop Oracle Net Listene using $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr" fi # End Added # Set this in accordance with the platform ORATAB=/etc/oratab ....................................................... 五、验证服务 最简单的办法，就是重启电脑，查看效果。重启之后： [oracle@RHEL ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Jan 4 18:41:37 2009 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance; INSTANCE_NAME STATUS ---------------- ------------ orcl OPEN [oracle@RHEL ~]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-JAN-2009 18:42:25 Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=RHEL.smnpc.com)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 04-JAN-2009 15:16:45 Uptime 0 days 3 hr. 25 min. 40 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=RHEL.smnpc.com)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0))) Services Summary... Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s). Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "orcl_XPT" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully 当然，也可以手动启动／关闭／重启服务： [root@RHEL ~]# sercice oracle start [root@RHEL ~]# sercice oracle stop [root@RHEL ~]# sercice oracle restart 如果在oracle用户下，那么直接用dbstart或者dbshut就可以了。此外，如果想启动数据库服务时也启动管理器或者isqlplus，那么还需要修改一下dbstart和dbshut脚本，或者在服务脚本中进行编写。增加：emctl start dbconsole和isqlplusctl start。 |
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