最近用vmware刚刚重装了一个linux虚拟机，装完之后才发现里面竟然没装gcc,带着郁闷的心情查了很多资料。很多人都说自己安装的话很难，如果用yum这个工具就好一点，后来就真的查到了这么一篇文章是关于用yum安装gcc的，
先说下我虚拟机的简单配置
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5
内核：2.6.18-128.el5
以下文章是我主要参考的内容
该文章出处：
http://space./10537377/viewspace-609800
对于用过linux的人都会感到安装linux的包是一件很头疼的事情，因为包和包之间存在依赖关系，为了解决这种依赖关系，建议大家可以构建yum库，然后通过yum install <表名>进行安装。
解决办法:
一、构建本地yum库
1、挂载光盘到/mnt目录
//如果是cdrom光驱
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
//如果是dvd光驱
mount /dev/dvd /mnt
//如果使用虚拟机光驱
（由于我的iso文件指直接自动挂载到了/media目录下，所以这一步没有mount）
2、复制安装光盘上的所有文件到指定目录/var/ftp/pub
mkdir -p /var/ftp/pub
cp -r /media/* /var/ftp/pub
3、安装createrepo包
cd /var/ftp/pub/RHEL_5.3-i386-DVD/Server
rpm -ivh createrepo-0.4.11-3.el5.noarch.rpm
4、使用createrepo工具构建本地yum库
cd /var/ftp/pub/Server/repodata/
cp comps-rhel5-server-core.xml ../
cd ../
rm -rf repodata
createrepo -g comps-rhel5-server-core.xml ./
5、配置yum库
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
vim rhel-debuginfo.repo
内容如下：
[base]
name=base
baseurl=file:///var/ftp/pub/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
保存退出
6、测试本地的yum库是否可用
yum list
二、使用yum库
1、查看包是否安装
yum list | grep <包名>
如：
[root@rdht5 yum.repos.d]# yum list | grep gcc
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
compat-gcc-34.i386 3.4.6-4 installed
compat-gcc-34-c++.i386 3.4.6-4 installed
gcc.i386 4.1.1-52.el5 installed
gcc-c++.i386 4.1.1-52.el5 installed
libgcc.i386 4.1.1-52.el5 installed
compat-gcc-34-g77.i386 3.4.6-4 base
compat-libgcc-296.i386 2.96-138 base
gcc-gfortran.i386 4.1.1-52.el5 base
gcc-gnat.i386 4.1.1-52.el5 base
gcc-java.i386 4.1.1-52.el5 base
gcc-objc.i386 4.1.1-52.el5 base
gcc-objc++.i386 4.1.1-52.el5 base
2、安装包
yum install <包名>
如：
[root@rdht5 yum.repos.d]# yum install gcc-java
Loading "rhnplugin" plugin
Loading "installonlyn" plugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Setting up repositories
Reading repository metadata in from local files
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for gcc-java to pack into transaction set.
gcc-java-4.1.1-52.el5.i38 100% |=========================| 52 kB 00:00
---> Package gcc-java.i386 0:4.1.1-52.el5 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
--> Processing Dependency: libgcj-devel = 4.1.1-52.el5 for package: gcc-java
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for libgcj-devel to pack into transaction set.
libgcj-devel-4.1.1-52.el5 100% |=========================| 403 kB 00:00
---> Package libgcj-devel.i386 0:4.1.1-52.el5 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
--> Processing Dependency: zlib-devel for package: libgcj-devel
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libz.so for package: libgcj-devel
Importing additional filelist information
filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 2.2 MB 00:00
################################################## 2113/2113
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for zlib-devel to pack into transaction set.
zlib-devel-1.2.3-3.i386.r 100% |=========================| 7.1 kB 00:00
---> Package zlib-devel.i386 0:1.2.3-3 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
gcc-java i386 4.1.1-52.el5 base 2.8 M
Installing for dependencies:
libgcj-devel i386 4.1.1-52.el5 base 1.4 M
zlib-devel i386 1.2.3-3 base 100 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install 3 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 4.3 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
yum会自动分析安装gcc-java包，还需要安装另外两个包，接着输入“y”，系统会自动完成这3个包的安装。
yum命令可参考资料：http://fedora./main/node/31
