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oracle11g，用户expired。比如TESTUSER用户(11g 是区分大小写的) --------------简单的修改方法 -------------------------------- alter user TESTUSER identified by TEST; --此方式会让失效时间往后推迟180天。 alter user TESTUSER identified by TEST account unlock; --当用户被lock的时候，至于什么时候会被锁，看下面（LOCK相关）即可。 ------------------查看用户的失效时间 ----------------------- 可以从select EXPIRY_DATE from dba_users where username='TESTUSER '; ----------------------修改为永久不失效------------------------ 处理过程： 1、查看用户的proifle是那个，一般是default： sql>SELECT username,PROFILE FROM dba_users; 2、查看指定概要文件（如default）的密码有效期设置： sql>SELECT * FROM dba_profiles s WHERE s.profile='DEFAULT' AND resource_name='PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME'; 3、将密码有效期由默认的180天修改成“无限制”： ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED; 4、修改后，还没有被提示ORA-28002警告的用户不会再碰到同样的提示； 已经被提示的用户必须再改一次密码，举例如下： $sqlplus / as sysdba sql> alter user wapgw identified by <原来的密码> 如果用上述方式发现提示用户不存在，很有可能你的oracle的实例不止一个。（校验方法：dba进去后 show parameter db_name 或者select name from v$database;） 登陆方式有两种(windows下)： 1、你知道system的密码的情况下： conn system/密码@yourSid as sysdba; 2、当你不知道dba密码也可以。 首先在cmd命令行内输入 set oracle_sid=yourSid 然后 sqlplus /nolog 最后 conn /as sysdba; 接下来就可以alter被锁的表，或者修改密码了。 —————用户的账户的状态——————————— 用户的Accountstatus一共有一下几种情况. SQL> select * from user_astatus_map; STATUS# STATUS ---------- -------------------------------- 0 OPEN 当前帐户是开放的用户可以自由登录 1 EXPIRED 当前帐户已经过期, 用户必须在修改密码以后才可以登录系统, 在登录的时候, 系统会提示修改密码 2 EXPIRED(GRACE) 这是有password_grace_time定义的一个时间段, 在用户密码过期以后的第一次登录, 系统会提示用户,密码在指定的时间段以后会过期, 需要及时修改系统密码. 4 LOCKED(TIMED) 这是一个有条件的帐户锁定日期, 由password_lock_time进行控制, 在lock_date加上password_lock_time的日期以后,帐户会自动解锁. 8 LOCKED 帐户是锁定的,用户不可以登录, 必须由安全管理员将帐户打开用户才可以登录. 5 EXPIRED & LOCKED(TIMED) 6 EXPIRED(GRACE) & LOCKED(TIMED) 9 EXPIRED & LOCKED 10 EXPIRED(GRACE) & LOCKED 以下文章为请参考 Oracle解锁与加锁（hr用户为例）来源：考试大 【考试大：你最值得信赖的考试顾问】 2010年12月6日
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Jul 14 18:12:38 2009 Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. SQL> conn sys/sys as sysdba Connected. SQL> show user USER is "SYS" SQL> desc dba_users Name Null? Type ----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------------------- USERNAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30) USER_ID NOT NULL NUMBER PASSWORD VARCHAR2(30) ACCOUNT_STATUS NOT NULL VARCHAR2(32) LOCK_DATE DATE EXPIRY_DATE DATE DEFAULT_TABLESPACE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30) TEMPORARY_TABLESPACE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30) CREATED NOT NULL DATE PROFILE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30) INITIAL_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUP VARCHAR2(30) EXTERNAL_NAME VARCHAR2(4000) SQL> set lines 200 SQL> select username,account_status from dba_users; USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS ------------------------------ -------------------------------- SYS OPEN SYSTEM OPEN DBSNMP OPEN SCOTT OPEN OUTLN EXPIRED & LOCKED WMSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED ORDSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED ORDPLUGINS EXPIRED & LOCKED MDSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED CTXSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED XDB EXPIRED & LOCKED USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS ------------------------------ -------------------------------- ANONYMOUS EXPIRED & LOCKED WKSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED WKPROXY EXPIRED & LOCKED ODM EXPIRED & LOCKED ODM_MTR EXPIRED & LOCKED OLAPSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED HR EXPIRED & LOCKED OE EXPIRED & LOCKED PM EXPIRED & LOCKED SQL> alter user hr account unlock;（解锁） User altered. SQL> select username,account_status from dba_users; USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS ------------------------------ -------------------------------- SYS OPEN SYSTEM OPEN DBSNMP OPEN SCOTT OPEN HR EXPIRED OUTLN EXPIRED & LOCKED WMSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED ORDSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED ORDPLUGINS EXPIRED & LOCKED QL> alter user hr identified by hr;（更改密码） User altered. SQL> select username,account_status from dba_users; USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS ------------------------------ -------------------------------- SYS OPEN SYSTEM OPEN DBSNMP OPEN SCOTT OPEN HR OPEN OUTLN EXPIRED & LOCKED SQL> conn hr/hr Connected. SQL> conn /as sysdba Connected. SQL> alter user hr account lock;（加锁） User altered. SQL> select username,account_status from dba_users; USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS ------------------------------ -------------------------------- SYS OPEN SYSTEM OPEN DBSNMP OPEN SCOTT OPEN HR LOCKED OUTLN EXPIRED & LOCKED SQL> alter user hr password expire;（密码失效） User altered. SQL> select username,account_status from dba_users; USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS ------------------------------ -------------------------------- SYS OPEN SYSTEM OPEN DBSNMP OPEN SCOTT OPEN OUTLN EXPIRED & LOCKED WMSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED OLAPSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED HR EXPIRED & LOCKED OE EXPIRED & LOCKED PM EXPIRED & LOCKED SQL> conn hr/hr ERROR: ORA-28000: the account is locked Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE |
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