实验环境:CentOS linux 5.4 32位 系统已安装的组件包:开发工具,其他都没装 [root@wellpie ~]# rpm -qa yum yum-3.2.22-20.el5.centos 用命令查了一下原来我在装开发工具时原来已经有装了yum了。 不过我还是删了,来重新安装一下做一下笔记。
首先我要下载我配置yum的一个软件包,我先试一下有没有wget这个软件,原来我我只装开发工具的时候,里面服务器配置工具什么都没有。所以wget也只能通过yum先装一下再来配置。如果你没有yum,也没有wget,那只能通过ftp或其他途径上传一个wget或yum的安装包。
下面是我们以下载好的yum包,如下: [root@RedHat soft]# ls DenyHosts-2.6.tar.gz libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2 vnstat_php.tar.gz down.txt mysql-5.0.91.tar.gz vsftpd-2.0.6.tar.gz gd-2.0.32.tar.gz php-5.2.14.tar.gz yum_forAS4.tar.gz httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz vnstat-1.10.tar.gz ZendOptimizer-3.2.2-linux.tar.gz #解压yum安装包。 [root@RedHat soft]# tar zxvf yum_forAS4.tar.gz yum_forAS4/ yum_forAS4/CentOS-Base.repo yum_forAS4/python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm yum_forAS4/python-urlgrabber-2.9.7-1.2.el4.rf.noarch.rpm yum_forAS4/yum-2.4.2-0.4.el4.rf.noarch.rpm yum_forAS4/sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm yum_forAS4/python-sqlite-1.0.1-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm [root@RedHat soft]# cd yum_forAS4 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# ls CentOS-Base.repo python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm python-sqlite-1.0.1-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm python-urlgrabber-2.9.7-1.2.el4.rf.noarch.rpm sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm yum-2.4.2-0.4.el4.rf.noarch.rpm [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -ivh *.rpm warning: python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 6b8d79e6 error: Failed dependencies: libreadline.so.4 is needed by sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386 yum < 3.2.0 conflicts with yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386 #看来原来安装的yum包还没卸载。 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -qa |grep yum yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-13.el5.centos yum-3.2.22-20.el5.centos [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -e yum-3.2.22 error: Failed dependencies: yum >= 3.0 is needed by (installed) yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-13.el5.centos.noarch [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -e yum-\* error: Failed dependencies: yum >= 3.0 is needed by (installed) yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-13.el5.centos.noarch #看来这样卸载还不行。只能一个一个卸载了。 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -e yum-3.2.22 --nodeps [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -qa|grep yum yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-13.el5.centos #看来用--nodeps参数,就可以卸载了,只剩下2个了。现在再安装一下我们下载的yum包看如何。 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -ivh *.rpm warning: python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 6b8d79e6 error: Failed dependencies: libreadline.so.4 is needed by sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386 yum < 3.2.0 conflicts with yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386 #晕,还不行。可能那2个没卸载还真不行。 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -e yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -e yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -qa|grep yum [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# #现在查不到有yum包了 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -ivh *.rpm warning: python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 6b8d79e6 error: Failed dependencies: libreadline.so.4 is needed by sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# #看来之前有安装过的yum包还真不行。问题多,其实是因为我目前环境是CentOS 5.4而那yum包适合AS4的,所以不适合。 --------------------------------------------------------------------------错误解决过程开始 #到网上查一下资料,安装一个readline-4.3.5.2.i386.rpm [root@RedHat ~]# rpm -ivh readline-4.3-5.2.i386.rpm warning: readline-4.3-5.2.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 025e513b Preparing... ########################################### [100%] package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386 (which is newer than readline-4.3-5.2.i386) is already installed file /usr/share/info/history.info.gz from install of readline-4.3-5.2.i386 conflicts with file from package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386 file /usr/share/info/readline.info.gz from install of readline-4.3-5.2.i386 conflicts with file from package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386 file /usr/share/info/rluserman.info.gz from install of readline-4.3-5.2.i386 conflicts with file from package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386 file /usr/share/man/man3/history.3.gz from install of readline-4.3-5.2.i386 conflicts with file from package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386 file /usr/share/man/man3/readline.3.gz from install of readline-4.3-5.2.i386 conflicts with file from package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386 [root@RedHat ~]# #安装后不知道是否还会出现错误。 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -ivh *.rpm warning: python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 6b8d79e6 error: Failed dependencies: libreadline.so.4 is needed by sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# 唉,还不行。
最后在姚兄的帮忙下,才知道原来我的系统版本是CentOS 5.5,而我的yum安装包是yum_forAS4的,所以不适合。 [root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -Uvh http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm Retrieving http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm error: Failed dependencies: yum-fastestmirror is needed by yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch yum-metadata-parser >= 1.1.0 is needed by yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch 又是依赖关系。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------错误解决过程结束
[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -Uvh http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm Retrieving http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm Retrieving http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm Retrieving http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:yum-metadata-parser ########################################### [ 33%] 2:yum-fastestmirror ########################################### [ 67%] 3:yum ########################################### [100%] [root@RedHat soft]# rpm --import http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 现在yum就可以使用了。
用Uvh与ivh的区别: (1)如果安装有这个软件包,U会先安装新的软件包,然后cleanup旧的,rpm database里边会记录新的软件包,而i的时候,只会安装新的软件包,并且在rpm database里边对于该软件包有两个版本 (2) 如果没有安装这个软件包,U和i功能一样,没有区别 但是对于内核的安装这块,推荐使用i,这样同时会保留旧的内核,一旦新的内核有问题可以迅速切换到旧的内核,给自己留个后路
本文出自 “冰鱼客” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://guailele.blog.51cto.com/1156442/438370
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