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十年高考【2002-2011】英语分类汇编----it的用法 【考点定位】 2012考纲解读和近几年考点分布 高考研究代词it在近年高考试题中出现 【考点pk】 名师考点透析 纵观历年高考试题，代词it的主要考点主要集中在以下几个方面：不定代词one，that，it；指示代词this，that，these，those，it的用法；强调句型与其他句型的区别。 【2011山东卷24】The two girls are so alike that strangers find_____ difficult to tell one from the other. A. it B. them C, her D. that 【答案】A。 【考点】考查固定句型。 【解析】句意：这两个小女孩如此相像，以至于很难辨别出彼此。此句式it 做形式宾语的结构如下find/make/consider/suppose等+it+adj/n+to do/that….。 【2011北京卷,34】The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase . A. them B. those C. it D. that 【答案】C 【考点】考查代词it的用法。 【解析】句意为“由于当地政府的努力，大城市里的就业率持续升高。”it代指前面交代过的“the employment rate”，是单数，而them和those是复数。因此选C。 【2011天津卷,1】We feel our duty to make our country a better place. A. it B. this C. that D. one 【答案】A 【考点】考查代词it的用法。 【解析】句意为“我们觉得将我们的国家变得更好是我们的职责。”it在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to make our country a better place”。 因此选A。 【2011山东卷,24】The two girls are so alike that strangers find ________ difficult to tell one from the other. A. it B. them C. her D. that 【答案】A 【考点】考查it的用法。 【解析】句意为“这两个女孩长得很相像，不熟悉的人很难将她俩区分开来。”it在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to tell one from the other”。 因此选A。 【2011福建卷,21】We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ____ based on your own interests. A. either B. each C. one D. it 【答案】C 【考点】考查不定代词one的用法。 【解析】句意为“在你们的假期里，我们这儿有各种暑期夏令营，你们可以根据自己的兴趣任选一个。”one代替单数可数名词，表泛指，相当于“a/an + 单数名词”。这里泛指某个summer camp夏令营。因此选C。 【2011重庆卷,27】——Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like. ——What do you think of over there? A. the one B. this C.it D.that 【答案】D 【考点】考查指示代词的用法。 【解析】句意为“——我真傻！想不起来自己的行李是什么样子的。——你看看那边的是不是你的？”指示代词that指时间与空间上较远的事物，over there交代了空间上的远距离。this指时间与空间上较近的事物，the one和it都特指前面曾经交代过的事物。结合语境，选D。 【2011江西卷25】Why don’t you bring _____ to his attention that you’re too ill to work on? A. that B.it C.his D.him 【答案】B 【考点】考查代词it作形式宾语的用法。 【解析】句意为“为什么你不让他注意到你病得太严重了以至于不能工作下去？”it作形式宾语，指代句子后面that引导的宾语从句。因此选B。 【2011四川卷15】Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down? A. where B. that C. which D. what 【答案】B 【考点】考查强调句。 【解析】此处强调的是句子的地点状语on a lonely island，是强调句的一般疑问句句型：Was it + 被强调部分+ that +句子？句意：“他是不是在小船沉没一个月后在一个孤岛上被营救的？” 【2011陕西卷23】It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do______benefits our work most. A. who B. which C. that D. what 【答案】C 【考点】考查强调句。 【解析】强调句型:It is/was +被强调部分+that连接句子的其他部分。答案选择C。 【2011湖南卷35】It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently A .which B. that C. how D. when 【答案】B 【考点】本题考察强调句型。 【解析】本题考察强调句型。强调主语。故选B。句子意思：决定我们生活的东西不是我们偶尔所做的事情而是那些我们自始至终所做的事情。 〖10全国Ⅱ〗The doctor thought ___________would be good for you to have a holiday. A. this B. that C. one D. it 〖答案〗D 〖考点〗考查It的用法。 〖解析〗It的两个重要用法是作形式主语和形式宾语。本题考查形式宾语, it 在这里代指后面的真正宾语to have a holiday。 〖10辽宁〗The fact that she was foreign made _____difficult for her to get a job in that country A so B. much C. that D. it 〖答案〗D 〖考点〗考查it的用法。 〖解析〗句意：她是外国人的事实使得她在哪个国家很难找到工作。句中for her to get a job in that country是动词不定式的复合结构做made的宾语, difficult是宾语补足语, 此处要用it做形式宾语, 其他词没有这种用法。 〖10山东〗Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age. A. it B. that C. what D. one 〖答案〗D 〖考点〗本题考查代词的用法。 〖解析〗句意应为”帮助别人是一种习惯, 一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。”空格处与前句中的habit构成同位关系, 所以选择D项。句中you can learn even at an early age是省略了关系代词that 的定语从句, that在定语从句中作learn的宾语使用。 〖10陕西〗The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city. A. that B. this C. it D. one 〖答案〗A 〖考点〗考查代词。 〖解析〗所填词用于比较状语从句中, 指代句子的主语cost, 即指代不可数名词, 用that。This指代下文即将提到的事物；it指代 “同一物”；one指代 “同类中的一个”之意。 〖09四川〗I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy__________. A. one B. it C. this D. that 〖答案〗B 〖考点〗考查不定代词it的用法。 〖解析〗意思是：我喜欢这个前面有一个美丽花园的房子, 但是我没有足够多的钱去把它买下来。第一句话中的this house表明在该语境中是特指的用法, 所以答案为it, 表示特指。该题容易误选one, 要注意的是one表示泛指。 〖09浙江〗－I’ve read another book this week. －Well, maybe _____ is not how much you read but what you read that counts. A. this B. that C. there D. it 〖答案〗D 〖考点〗考查强调句型。 〖解析〗句中 “not how much you read”足以做动词count的主语, 所以选D使之构成强调句型。 〖08湖南〗Our nerghbors gave _____ a baby bird yesterday that hurt ______ when it fell from its nest. A. us,it B. us,itself C. ourselves, itself D. ourselves, it 〖答案〗B 〖考点〗考查代词的用法。 〖解析〗句意为：昨天我们的邻居给了我们一只雏鸟, 这只雏鸟从窝里摔下来时受了伤。第一空给 “我们”, 应用us；第二空 “鸟伤到了自己”, 故用反身代词itself。 〖08江西〗Isn’t it amazing how the human body heals _______after an injury? A. himself B. him C. itself D. it 〖答案〗C 〖考点〗考查代词的用法。 〖解析〗此处用itself指代人体自身。 〖07全国II〗___ felt funny watching myself on TV. 〖答案〗C 〖考点〗考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗it为形式主语, 真正的主语为动名词短语watching myself on TV。 〖07天津〗He didn’t make ________ clear when and where the meeting would be held. A. this B. that C. it D. these 〖答案〗C 〖考点〗考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗句意为：他没有把何时何地召开会议搞清楚。句中“when and where the meeting would be held”为make的真正宾语, it为形式宾语, clear为宾补。 〖07山东〗_______ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. A．This B．That C．What D．It 〖答案〗D 〖考点〗考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗他不停地改变他的想法让我很烦恼。这是一个主语从句, the way he keeps changing his mind 是主语从句, it是形式主语。 〖07江西〗I don’t mind her criticizing me, but is how she does it that I object to.A. it B.that C.this D.which 〖答案〗A 〖考点〗本题考查强调句型。 〖解析〗It is+被强调部分+that+其他, 强调句可去掉it is与that还原句子。本句相当于..., but I object to how she does it。被强调部分是宾语从句, 因此, 用it引导该句式。 〖07陕西〗—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Wall you go and bottow ? —No, I’d rather buy in the bookstore. A.it;one B.one;one C.one;it D.it;it 〖答案〗A 〖考点〗本题考查代词。 〖解析〗第一空指代前面的a copy of the book, 就那一本, 为同句同物, 用it;而第二空指到书店去买一本, 泛指某一本, 为同名异物, 用one。 〖07 辽宁〗The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than ____ in the newspaper. A. it B. those C. one D. that 〖答案〗D 〖考点〗考查代词的用法。 〖解析〗that代替前面的不可数名词information, it代指同名同物, B、C代指可数名词。 〖07浙江〗_______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. 〖考点〗本题考查代词IT。 〖解析〗此句为主语从句，it为形式主语，其后的that从句为真正的主语。 〖07 浙江〗—He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller. —When was _____? —_____ was in 2000 when he was still in college. A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It 〖答案〗D 〖考点〗本题考查代词。 〖解析〗句意为：“他的第一本书出版了, 并且成了一本畅销书。” “那是什么时候？” “那是在2000年他还在上大学的时候。”指代上文中提到的事情用that;it可以指时间、天气、距离等概念。 〖06全国I〗If I can help_______, I don't like working late into the night. 〖考点〗考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗if I can help it意为“如果我有办法”, 表示有办法做某事, 或有办法控制某个局面。所提供的情景I don’t like working late into the night说明如果有办法, 不喜欢工作到深夜。so意为 “这样”, 常用于省略句中, 代替上文中的动作。that用于代替上文的内容。 〖06浙江〗 is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A.As B.That C.This D.It 〖答案〗D 〖考点〗本句考查从句的用法。 〖解析〗根据句子结构, that引导的从句为主语从句, 作真正主语, 因此前边应有形式主语, 而形式主语只能用it, 不能用this或that。 〖06湖南〗As the busiest woman in Norton, she made_________her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town. A.this B.that C.one D.it 〖答案〗D 〖考点〗考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗it作形式宾语, to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town作真正的宾语。不定式短语作宾语时, 需移置宾语补语之后, 在原来宾语的位置上用引导词it作形式宾语, 构成“make + it + 形容词或名词+不定式短语”结构, 从而使句子保持平衡。 〖06山东〗I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. 〖答案〗B 〖考点〗考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗it作appreciate的形式宾语, 真正的宾语是if you would like to teach me how to use the computer。 〖06安徽〗Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed ________ to ________ and then posted it at the nearby post office． A．it; her B．it; herself C．herself; her D．herself; herself 〖答案〗B 〖考点〗考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗address作动词的意思是 “在……上写姓名住址”, addressed后接it, 作直接宾语, 代替上文中的postcard。to后接herself, 作间接宾语, 表示把postcard寄给她自己。 〖05NMET〗It wasn’t until nearly a month later ______ I received the manager’s reply. A. since B. when C. as D. that 〖考点〗检查考生对强调句式的掌握和运用能力。 〖解析〗It is/was (not) +被强调的部分+that (who只能强调人)。 〖答案〗B 〖考点〗检查考生对先行词it的掌握和运用能力。 〖解析〗it 代替后面的不定式to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting此句式为:think /consider/feel/suppose/believe etc+it +adj+(for sb) to do something。it是形式宾词, 后面的不定式是真正的宾语, 意思是主席认为有必要邀请Smith教授来会上发言。 〖05全国Ⅲ〗The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _______ didn’t help. 〖答案〗A 〖考点〗考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗but连接并列句, it指代医生向Vera提建议这件事。 〖05上海〗_______ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account. A. What is required B. what requires C. It is required D. It required 〖答案〗C 〖考点〗该题考查it的特殊用法。 〖解析〗It is +过去分词+that从句, it指代that从句, 做主语。 〖05天津〗I prefer a flat in Inverness to ______in Perth, because I want to live near my Mom’ s. 〖答案〗A 〖考点〗考查代词的用法。 〖解析〗one指代上文中的flat。 〖05江西〗Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious _______ than mobile phones do. 〖答案〗B 〖考点〗考查代词的用法。 〖解析〗ones代替 health problems;one表单数(泛指), 不合题意;it表单数(特指);those为指示代词, 前不可再用修饰成分。 〖05浙江〗We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t found _________ we like yet. 〖考点〗考查代词的用法。 〖解析〗one指代上文提到的house。因为house是可数名词, 所以要用one指代。ones表示许多房子。 〖05湖北〗He hasn’t slept at all for three days. _____ he is tired out. A. There is no point B. There is no need C. It is no wonder D. It is no way 〖答案〗C 〖考点〗该题考查it的特殊用法。 〖解析〗it is +名词+that 从句, it做形式主语, 指代(that)he is tired out. 〖04全国I〗I like _______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. 〖答案〗C 〖考点〗检查考生对代词it的掌握和运用能力。 〖解析〗It 形式宾语指代when the weather is clear and bright.英语中like, love, hate, dislike等动词后面不允许直接带宾语从句, 通常在这些动词后面加it, 然后带相应的句子。类似的情况以前高考也出现过: I don’t like it when people talk with their mouths full。 〖04全国I〗—Do you like _____ here? A. this B. these C. that D. it 〖答案〗D 〖考点〗该题考查it的特殊用法。 〖解析〗it的特殊用法, 常用在口语或非正式文体中。这里指代下文中的The air, the weather, the way of life。 〖04全国III〗We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made ___ from some wood. A. it B. one C. himself D. another 〖答案〗B 〖考点〗考查代词的用法。 〖解析〗句意为：我们需要为厨房添个橱柜, 所以Peter用我们所拥有的木头做了一个。代词one替代上文的名词a cupboard,非特指的指代, 正合题意。it应指代上文提到的同一事物, 为特指, 故不可。C项离题意太远, D项指 “又”, “再”的意思, 亦不可。 〖04湖北〗It was_____back home after the experiment. 〖考点〗该题考查强调结构的用法。 〖解析〗强调not…until…（直到…才…）引导的时间状语或时间状语从句时, 其结构是It is not until…+ that…。 〖04福建〗It was with great joy _____ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. 〖考点〗该题考查强调结构的用法。 〖解析〗强调结构, 被强调的部分是介词短语with great joy（作状语）。 〖04上海〗Why! I have nothing to confess. _____ you want me to say? 〖考点〗该题考查强调结构的用法。 〖解析〗强调结构的特殊疑问句, 被强调的部分是疑问词what（作动词say的宾语）。 〖04北京〗The foreign minister said, “_____ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” 〖考点〗该题考查it的特殊用法。 〖解析〗it作形式主语, 真正的主语是其后面的that引导的主语从句。 〖04江苏〗--- How long are you staying? --- I don’t know. _____. A. That’s OK B. Never mind C. It depends D. It doesn’t matter 〖答案〗C 〖考点〗考查交际用语。 〖解析〗it depends为习惯用语。意思是：“看情况而定。”it指 “情况、形势”, 也可以说 “Things depends” 〖03 NMET〗—There’s coffee and tea; you can have _____. —Thanks. A. either B. each C. one D. it 〖答案〗A 〖考点〗考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗either用于肯定句时表示 “(两者中)的任一个”。因为只有coffee和tea可供选择, 所以要选either。 〖03上海〗It is these poisonous products_____can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. 〖考点〗该题考查强调结构的用法。 〖解析〗强调结构, 被强调的部分是名词these poisonous products（作主语）。 〖03上海〗It is pretty well understood_____controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the 〖考点〗考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗it为形式主语, 真正的主语是其后面的what引导的主语从句（因主语从句中缺少主语, 用what引导）。 〖03上海春〗It was because of bad weather _____the football match had to be put off. A. so B. so that C. why D. that 〖答案〗D 〖考点〗该题考查强调结构的用法。 〖解析〗强调结构, 被强调的部分是介词短语because of bad weather（作状语）。 〖02上海〗Since you have repaired my Tv set, ______ is no need for me to buy a new one. 〖答案〗B 〖考点〗该题考查固定句型。 〖解析〗若选A，那么it代替应该是一个动名词短语：repairing my TV set,但若为此代入句中，就不合适。Since you have repaired my TV set，是一个原因从句，有自己的引导词Since，所以不能用it代替。There是一个用途广泛的代词，在此句中代替不定式的独立主格结构for me to buy a new one。无论从句意还是语法都应选B。句意的讲解请参考上面。不必计较很详细，只把它当作固定句型看待吧。 〖02 北京〗--- When shall we start? --- Let’s _____ it at 8:30. Is that all right? A. set B. meet C. make D. take 〖答案〗C 〖考点〗该题考查固定习语。 〖解析〗这道高考题没有考it的用法, 但是如果对短语make it的用法不熟悉, 很容易就选择A了。在这里It就是指 “我们出发”这个事情。 〖02北京春〗—He was nearly drowned once. 〖考点〗该题考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗第一个空用that, 指代发生在过去的 “溺水（drowned）”一事；第二个空it构成强调结构：It was in 1998 when he was in middle school (that he was nearly drowned.)。 〖01NMET〗The Parkers bought a new house but _____ will need a lot of work before they can move in. 〖答案〗B 〖考点〗该题考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗it指代 “买房后的情况（the situation not mentioned but understood by the speaker and the hearer）”。该句译作：帕克夫妇买了一所新房子, 但在迁入之前需要做大量的工作。 〖01上海〗In fact _____is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. A. this B. that C. there D. it 〖考点〗该题考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗it为形式主语, 真正的主语是其后面的动词不定式复合结构for the police to keep order in an important football match。 〖2001上海春〗It was for this reason _____her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. 〖考点〗该题考查强调结构的用法。 〖解析〗强调结构, 被强调的部分是介词短语for this reason。 〖00NMET〗It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are. 〖答案〗B 〖考点〗该题考查强调结构的用法。 〖解析〗强调句子主语the ability,the ability后的动词不定式作后置定语,修饰the ability,即本句原为 “The ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.”句意为 “要紧的是做这个工作的能力,而不是你来自何方或你是干什么的。”matter是动词,意思是 “要紧,有关系”。 〖考点〗该题考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗当提到的那个人在我们心中不清楚是男或是女时, 可用it指代（例如这里someone）。 〖2000上海〗The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, _____? 〖考点〗该题考查代词it的用法。 〖解析〗附加疑问句中用it指代不可数名词the news。 〖2000上海春〗It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages _____attracted the audience’s interest. 〖答案〗B 〖考点〗该题强调句型。 〖解析〗强调结构, 被强调的部分是主语从句how the young man had learned five foreign languages。 |
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