新目标英语中考词汇复习 一、中考对词汇的考查主要集中在以下几个方面: 1、能正确拼写大纲词汇表中的常用单词; 2、掌握大纲词汇表中所列全部单词的词文,并了解其词类(词性); 3、了解构词法的基本知识,并根据此知识判断常用词的合成词与派生词的词义和词类,例如:drive –
driver, use – useful; 4、正确理解现行教材课文中出现过的短语与习语;正确使用及辨析其中比较常见的短语和习语; 5、理解词类转化,例如:water (n.) – water (v.) 二、词汇考查点分项说明: 1、掌握大纲词汇表,了解词类 1)大纲词汇表中所列的词汇基本上为1至6册课本中所列的四会单词(即书后单词表中不带任何符号的单 词)。要求同学们把所列单词的词义完全掌握。在此基础上,了解其词类(词性)。尤其注意要在情景中运 用该词,而不是孤立地去记忆某个单词。 2)针对大纲词汇表中的常用单词,一定要能做到正确拼写。该项知识常以单词拼写的形式来考查学生, 但一般无难题,基本属于送分题。出题范围主要是大纲中的一、二级词汇,也有可能出现非大纲词汇,但一 般为常用词汇,尽管不在大纲中出现,却通常在课文中出现过。 请看以下几道例题: 1. Shanghai is a large c 2. Adam often helps me a lot. He is my best
f 3. I can’t carry the box. It’s too h 4. The man is very poor. He had no m 5. ---How often do you play football? 6. My grandparents like growing flowers. They w 7. Summer is the hottest s 8. --- Can you sp 9. He was so excited that he couldn’t f 10. Everyone had a good time at the party. It was a p_ _ _ s _ _ _ evening. ( Key spell 9. fall 3) 了解英文的词类: 英语中的单词根据词义、句法作用和形式特征所作的分类。共有十类:名词、代词、数词、冠词、形容 词、副词、动词、介词、连词、感叹词。
在上述的十大词类中,名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、动词等具有明确的意义,可以在句中独立充 当句子成分,称为实义词。介词、连词和冠词只能起联系或辅助的作用,都不在句子中担任任何成分,称为 虚词。感叹词一般不构成句子的一部分,通常作独立成分。 2、了解构词法的基本知识 法主要有派生、转化和合成等三种。 1) 派生法 加在单词后的词缀叫后缀。 1.常用前缀
2.常用后缀
(二)转化法 转化法是指基本不改变单词的词形,而将其转用为另一词类词。单词转化后的意义常与转化前的意义有 密切的联系。 Can we book the tickets ahead? It’s necessary to know the difference between
right and wrong. (三)合成法 1.合成形容词 2.合成名词 3.合成动词 4.合成副词 3、正确理解现行教材课文中出现过的短语与习语;正确使用及辨析其中比较常见的短语和习语; 1)初中阶段比较常见的短语: 同学们应该根据自己手头的现行教材,将1至6册中出现过的常见短语进行归纳总结,对于其中比较容易混 淆的短语要弄清楚它们之间的区别。 2)初中阶段比较常见的习语有: 1. too… to 2. so.. that… 3. It’s time for sb. to do sth. 4. both…. and.. 5. either…or… 6. neither… nor… 7. not… until… 8. not only… but also… 9. as… as… 10. not as (so)… as… 11. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 12. It’s good (bad) for… 13. as soon as 14. used to do 15. some… others… 16. be angry with… 17. be different from 18. one… the other… 19. take sb. to a place 20. Thank you for doing sth. 21. get ready to do sth. 22. …one of… 23. get on well with … 24. sb. spend… on… 25. buy… for… 26. be interested in… 27. You’d better… 28. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 29. enjoy doing 30. be good at… 4、理解词类转化 在英语中,不少词可以属于几个词类,如water( 水、浇水;名词和动词);work(工作;动词和名词) ,fast(快;形容词和副词),since(自从;介词和连词)等。 三、巩固练习 ① 根据句意补全单词中所缺字母,使补全后的句子通顺、合理。 l. What colour is Ann's skirt? 2.We often play g____mes after school. 3.Put your r____ler and your pen in the pencil-box. 4.My parents work f____ ve days a week. 5.There are a lot of cars and buses in the str____t. 6.Don't open the wind ____ . It's cold outside. 7.How do you usually go to school? 11. L__sson One is easy. 12. Can you make a c__ke? 13. This box is small. Give me a b__g one. 14. A d__g is running after a cat. 15. We cl___n the classroom every day. ② 根据句子意思完成单词,单词的第一个字母已给出 1.If you are ill , you must go to h_______ . 2.We all know Beijing is the c_______ of China . 3.D________ ,25th is Christmas Day . 4.We can see s________ at night when it's fine . 5.You can come here b_______ 8:00 and 9:00 tomorrow . 6.I hope you have a good time on you j______ . 7.Could you tell me w_______ the nearest post office is ? ③ 根据句意用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 5. I can see three _______ on the desk. (pen) 6. This room is _______. It isn't yours. (our) 7. “Can I borrow your ruler?” “Certainly. Here _______ are.” (your) 8. Lin Lin is the ______ in our class. 9. We live on the _______ floor. (seven) 10. Li Lei is _______ than Lin Tao. (old) 11. The Changjiang River is the _______ river in China. (long) 12.Wei Hua gave me two______ yesterday.(book) 13.That pen isn't yours. It's ______ .(her) 14.The ______ lesson is very easy.(six) 15.John is ______ than Sam.(tall) 16.Can you help ______ with my English? ④ 根据汉语提示完成句子 1、我用了两个小时修车。 2、直到妈妈回来时,他才完成作业。 3、他和我都不是老师。 4、他从小就对数学感兴趣。 5、你最好乘火车。 6、是时候上车了。 7、珠江是中国的第三最长的河流。 三、巩固练习参考答案 ① 根据句意补全单词中所缺字母,使补全后的句子通顺、合理。 1. red 10. green ② 根据句子意思完成单词,单词的第一个字母已给出 1. hospital 2. capital ③ 根据句意用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. eggs 9. ④ 根据汉语提示完成句子 1. took, to mend/ repair/ fix 2. didn’t, until 3. Neither, nor 4. interested, young 5. better take 6. get on 7. the third longest |
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