英语语法知识难点--动词时态、语态(四)
I. 要点 1、 一般现在时 (1) 表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态,常与sometimes, always, often, every day等时间状语连用。如: Sometimes, we go swimming after school. (2) 表示客观真理、科学事实等。如: The earth goes round the sun. 2、 现在进行时 (1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作,常与now, at present等时间状语连用。如: What are you doing now? (2) 和always, continually等连用,表一种经常反复的动作,常含有某种情感。如: He is always doing good deeds. 3、 现在完成时 主要表示动作发生在过去,对现在仍有影响,或动作一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去,常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连用。如: Have you ever been to Beijing? 4、一般将来时 表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如: I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning. We're going to see a film next Monday. 5、一般过去时 表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态,常与yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等词连用。如: It happened many years ago. 6、过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如: What were you doing this time yesterday? 7、 过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如: The train had already left before we arrived. 8、一般过去将来时 表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如: He said he would come, but he didn't. 9、被动语态 被动语态的时态,以give为例。
时/式
|
一般
|
进行
|
完成
|
现在
|
am is given are
|
am is being are
|
has been given have
|
过去
|
was given were
|
was being given were
|
had been given
|
将来
|
shall be given will
|
|
shall have been given will
|
过去将来
|
should be given would
|
|
should have been given would
|
II.例题
例1 I learned that her father ____ in 1950. A had died B died C dead D is dead 解析:该题正确答案为B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前,但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in 1950, 所以不用过去完成时态,而用一般过去时态。
例2 The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents. A is looked B has looked for C is being looked for D has been looked
解析:该题正确答案为C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中,介词不能省,否则就变成了不及物动词短语,而不能用于被动语态的句子中。
|