奇妙的英语否定形式的肯定含义 1. can / could not...too表示“无论怎样也不过分”。例如: You cannot be too careful when crossing the street. 穿越马路时,再怎么小心也不为过。 You can never be too careful in performing an experiment. 做实验越仔细越好。 2. can / could not...enough意为“无论怎么都不够”,表示强烈的肯定。例如: I cannot thank you enough. 我对你感激不尽。 You can’t be careful enough. 你越小心越好。 3. too...not to表示“太……不会不……”,具有肯定意义。例如: He is too careful not to have noticed it. 他那么小心,一定会注意到这一点的。 4. never too...to是对too...to的再否定,表示肯定。例如: It’s never too old to learn. 活到老,学到老。 5. not...for nothing中,not用来否定for nothing,从而加强了谓语的肯定意义。例如: He didn’t study law for nothing. 他学法律并没有白费。 Believe me, he did not fly into such a rage for nothing. 请相信我,他勃然大怒是有原因的。 6. nothing if not表示“极其”,含强烈的肯定意义。例如: He was nothing if not clever. 他很聪明。 The story was nothing if not interesting. 故事极其有趣。 7. nothing less than表示“完全是”,有肯定的含义。例如: What he said was nothing less than a lie. 他说的纯属谎言。 His negligence was nothing less than criminal. 他的粗心大意无异于犯罪。 8. nothing but表示“只有,只不过”,含肯定意义。例如: We could see nothing but water. 我们只看见一大片水。 She does nothing but listen to records. 她除了听唱片什么也不做。 9. no的否定意义很强,和具有否定意义的名词连用,来表示强烈的肯定。例如: She is no fool. (She is very clever.) 她绝不是傻瓜。 There is no question that Mr. Smith is the boss. 毫无疑问,史密斯先生就是老板。 10. 双重否定表示强烈的肯定。例如: Nobody had nothing to eat. =Everyone has something to eat. 每个人都有吃的。 11. not...until / till表示“直到……才”,具有肯定的意义。例如: She didn‘t stop working until 12 o‘clock last night. 昨晚12点以前,她一直在不停地工作。 12. “否定词 + so + adj. / adv. + as”结构,从反面表示“最”,是一种强烈的肯定。例如: It wasn’t so bad as last time! 这次不像上次那么糟! None is so blind as those who won’t see. 没有比视而不见的人更瞎眼的了。 13.有些带否定词的短语,在使用时并不构成否定意义,即表示肯定意义。例如: He would go as soon as not. 他非常乐意去。 As often as not the buses are late on foggy days. 遇多雾天气时,公共汽车经常晚点。 14.否定的感叹句、疑问句常表示肯定意义。例如: Isn’t this film interesting? 这部电影难道没趣吗? Who doesn’t enjoy reading The Dream of the Red Mansion? 谁不喜欢看《红楼梦》呢?(人人都喜欢看《红楼梦》。) 15. 以Why don’t you...和Why not ... 开头的疑问句往往表示邀请、建议、指导等,具有肯定意义。例如: Why don’t you introduce her to your parents? 你为什么不把她介绍给你父母呢? Why not come and see me tomorrow? 明天来看我怎么样? 1. nothing (或 no + 名词) but …只有;仅仅 Nothing (或 no + 名词) but …等于 only ,表示肯定意义,后接名词、代词、不定式等。例如: No one but him in our class can swim across the river. 在我们班上,只有他能游过这条河。 She could do nothing but wait here. 她只好在这时等,别无他法。 2. not … without … 没有……就没有 在这个句型中,使用两个否定,用来加强语气,表示肯定意义。例如: One cannot live even a few minutes without air. 没有空气,人们甚至连几分钟也不能生存。 They couldn't have completed their task on time without your help. 有你们的帮助,他们才按时完成了任务。 注意: too … not to …和 never (not) too … to …这类双重否定的句型,也表示肯定意义。例如: The boy is too clever not to work out this maths problem. 这个男孩很聪明,不会解不出这道数学题。 3. not … until … 直到……才…… 在这个句型中, until 可作介词,也可作连词。作介词时,后接名词、代词或短语;作连词时,后接句子。 not 后面接非延续性动词。例如: The bus didn't leave until all the seats were taken. 直到车上坐满了乘客,汽车才开走。 not … until … 也可用于强调句型和倒装句式中。例如: It was not until this morning that he finished the work. 直到今天上午,他才完成那项工作。 4. hardly / scarcely … when … 一(刚)……就…… 在这个句型中, when 是并列连词,其前面的句子要用过去完成时,其后的句子用一般过去时。例如: He had hardly/scarcely arrived when it began to rain. 他一到天就开始下雨了。 5. no sooner … than … 一(刚)……就…… 在这个结构中, no sooner 位于主句中,主句用过去完成时, than 引导状语从句,从句用一般过去时。例如: No sooner had they got to the theatre than the concert began. 他们刚跨进剧院,音乐会就开始了。 6. can + not + be + 形容词 + enough/can not + 动词原形 + too much ( highly ) 越……越好;无论怎样也不过分 在这个句型中, not 可用 never 来替代。例如: He is a hero. We can not praise him too much (highly)。 他是英雄,我们无论怎样赞扬他也不过分。 7. have never + 过去分词 + 比较级 最……;再没有比……更…… 该句型从反面表示“最……”的概念。例如: We have never seen a more interesting film than this one = This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我们看过的最有趣的影片。 8. can't (help) but … 只好;不得不;必然 在这个结构中, help 可省略, but 后面接不带 to 的不定式。例如: He can't (help) but admit that he was wrong. 他只好承认自己是错了。 9. can't help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事 Hearing the joke, we couldn't help laughing. 听了这个笑话,我情不自禁地笑了起来。 10. not + 含否定意义的词缀的词(不时不)。例如: It is not uncommon for a great scholar to be ignorant in everyday affairs. 一个伟大的学者,对日常事务无知,这种情况并不罕见。 11. 用表示赞叹的否定疑问句来表示肯定意义。例如: Isn't the film wonderful? 多么好的一部影片啊! |
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