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定语从句 定义： 在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，位于从句之前。定语从句有关系代词that、which、who、whose、whom和关系副词when 、where、why引导. 定语从句的基本结构为： 先行词 + 关系代/副词 + 句子 Do you know the boy who is wearing a blue jacket? The skirt that /which is made of silk is very expensive. I can’t afford it. The number of the people who/that own cars is increasing. The house that(which、/) the famous person once lived in is very old now. 考点1. 关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词: when, where, why. a. that－既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略；不引导非限定性定语从句 There are lots of things ________ I need to prepare before the trip. （10河北） A. who B. that C. whom D. whose (答案: B) b. which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.可引导非限定性定语从句。 This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. (08河北) A. which B. what C. whose D. whom (答案：A) Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need. (09河北) A. what B. who C. whom D. which (答案：D) c. who－般指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom） Jamie is a young cook ________ wants to improve school dinners. (10天津) A. who B. whose C. whom D. which (答案：A) d. whose 作定语,表示所属关系。 I like the teacher ________ classes are very interesting and creative. (09兰州) A. which B. who C. what D. whose (答案：D) e. when 作时间状语:When =介词 + which She will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married. f. where 作地点状语 where = 介词 + which I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born. g. why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason. why = for which That is the reason why(= for which) I’m late. 2. 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。 1. I prefer shoes that are cool. 2. I like a pizza that is really delicious. 3. 有时只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有六种： 1).当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing ,或被它们修饰时。 That’s all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? 2).当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰That is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 3).当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。 That’s the only thing that I can do now. These are the very words that he used. 4).当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who. Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost ? 5).先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that. The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate. 6).当关系代词在从句中作表语时。 4. 只用 which ,不用that 的情况： 1).关系代词前有介词时。新课标第一网 This is the cage that / which Polly lives in. = This is the cage in which(where) Polly lives . 2).先行词本身为 that. The clock is that which tells the time. 3). 在非限制性定语从句中。 His English, which used to be poor , is excellent now. 定语从句专项练习 1.Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need. A. what B. who C. whom D. which 2.This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom 3.Do you know the man ________ is sitting behind A. what B. which C. who D. whom 4.The book ________ he bought yesterday is very interesting. A. / B. why C. when D. what 5.I have found some pictures of the most interesting places ________ you can visit during the winter holidays. A. where B. which C. what D. that 6.I’d like to tell you about the table manners ________ you should know when you visit A. which B. who C. what D. how 7.I shall never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers, ________has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 8.Is oxygen the only gas ________ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 9.Is ________ some German friends visited last week? A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 10.---What kind of music do you like? ---I like music ________ has great lyrics. A. that B. what C. who D. whose 11.That is the only thing ________ I bought from the supermarket. A. which B. that C. what D. where 12.The place ________ interested me most was the Children’s Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which 13.The computer ________ last week has gone wrong. A. which I bought it B. I bought C. what I bought D. I bought it 14.That is the poor boy ________ father died in a traffic accident last year. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 15.Do you know the girl ________ is standing under the tree? A. who B. whom C. which D. where 16.Is the woman ________ talked to our teacher yesterday your mother? A. who B. whom C. which D. what 17.The young lady ________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher. A. what B. whose C. whom D. which 18.I like to live in a house ________ is big and bright. A. that B. who C. how D. why 19.I hate people ________ talk much but do little. A. whom B. which C. who D. when 20.I am one of the boys ________never late for school. A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is 21.Mr Green, there is someone at the front desk ________ would like to speak with you. A. he B. who C. which D. whom 22.I love the small village ________ I was born. A. that B. which C. where D. whose 23.Here comes the girl ________ handwriting is the best in our class. A. which B. whose C. that D. who 24.My parents usually buy me some simple clothes ________ can last a long time. A. who B. that C. whom D. whose 25.---Is the girl ________ is interviewing the manager of that company your friend? ---Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 26.---Do you know everybody ________ came to the party? ---No, I don’t know the one________ you had a long talk with near the door. A. who;/ B. whose; that C. that; which D. /; whom 27.The boy________ won the first prize is called A. when B. whom C. who D. which 28.Children like houses ________ are painted in different colours. A. which B. they C. those D. what 29.Do you think most students prefer tests ________ have easy questions? A. who B. where C. that D. it 30. He is one of the experienced engineers in this factory ________ hard work was repaid with the development of the factory. A. where B. whose C. in which D. that Keys: xkb1.com 1-5 DACAD 6-10 ADABA 11-15BABCA 16-20 ACACB 21-25 BCBBC 26-30ACACA |
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