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Unit 8 I will help clean up the city park基础知识
一、重点新词必备
1 hunger n. 饥饿 V. 渴求，渴望，常与for， after 连用 adj. Hunger go hunger 挨饿
eg I hunger for a new car
Many people went hungry because of the flood.因为水灾，有许多人挨饿。
2 establish v. 建立，建造
辨析establish,build,set up, put up,found
＊Establish多用于创办学校，协会，建立国家，政府，制度等
We established this school ten years ago
＊build一般用于建房屋，桥梁，路道等也用于建立抽象的事物如社会主义。
A new road was built near their school
＊set up 用于把某物架起来，或立起来与第一相同意思，只是较口语化
The factory set up a night school last year .
＊put up 用于建临时性的房屋与第二相同，只是较口语化
The boys put up their tents in the woods
＊found 强调开始建立，创立。
The people’s Republic of China was founded on October 1 1949
3 fix v. 修理 辨析 fix repair mend
＊ fix 在美语中与第二的区别不大
I was asked to fix the bicycle .
＊ repair 是指受到一定损坏的东西恢复到原来的形状或功能repair 的范围很广
I must have my car repaired.
＊ mend是恢复某物原来的样子（包括用针线）一般指较小的物体。
Will you mend this hole in my sock？
4 disable adj. 肢体有残疾的 eg The girl is disable
注意the +adj. 表示这一类人，做主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
eg the disable残疾人 the poor穷人 the rich 富人the young 年轻人the old 老人
5 pleasure n. 快乐，愉快，高兴 with pleasure表示乐于接受或同意某事
eg Will you come with us ?---With pleasure .
辨析 please pleased pleasant pleasure
＊ please v. 使满意 It’s hard to please all 众口难调
＊ pleased adj.高兴的满意的主语是人，做表语
常用短语be pleased with 对…满意 be pleased to do sth 乐于做某事
eg I’m pleased to see you They were pleased with the painting
＊ pleasant adj.令人愉快的令人高兴的主语为物
I hope you will have a pleasant holiday.
The walk is very pleasant
＊ pleasure n. 快乐，娱乐，高兴 I go fishing for pleasure .
二、本单元短语
1.chean up 打扫干净 2.chear up 使振奋 3.give out =hand out分发
4.put off 推迟 5.set up=establish 建立、创立、开办 6.think up =come up with 想出
7.look after =take care of =care for 照顾
8、 fix up修理、修补好 repair sth 修理（较大的东西） mend sth 修理、补（衣服或电器）
9.give away 赠送 10.put up = put sth on the wall张贴 11.work out fine 结局很好
12.at once=right away 马上 13.get to do sth 逐渐做…… 14.work outside在外工作
15.help homeless people 帮助无家可归的人 17.give/sb sth=provide sb with sth 给某人某物
18.help do sth 帮助做某事 19.help sb do\\with sth帮助某人某事
20.come up with a plan 提出一个计划 21.put up advertisements 张贴广告
22.put off sth 推迟某事 23.write down sth 写下某事
24.set up a food bank建立一个食物储蓄站
25、 carry sth in one`s hand 拿着某物 carry sb. on one`s back 背着某人
carry sb in one`s arm 抱着某人 carry sth with sb. 随身带着某物
26.put sth to use 把…投入使用、利用
27. take after（外貌、性格等方面）与……相像 be similar to sb 与……相似
look like sb （只指外表看起来像） be the same as 和……一样
28.give away sth to sb 赠送某人某物
29.Sth use up(被动) /Sb. run out of sth （主动） =don’t have any more sth 用完某物
30.spend time doing sth =It take sb+ 时 to do sth 发时间做某事
31.tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事 33.be hungry 饥饿的
32.donate sth to sb =give away sth. to sb 向某人赠送某物
34.less(后缀表否定)—ful(表肯定)
homeless无家可归的 nameless匿名的 hopeless无可救药的 useless无用的
careless粗心的 careful细心的
35.a major/great commitment 一个重大奉献 major in+学科
36.at the elementary school 在小学 37.become/be a veterinarian 成为一名兽医
38.coach a football team for sb 为某人训练一支足球队
39.help disabled 、blind、deaf people 帮助残疾人、盲人/聋人
40.It’s one’s pleasure to do sth 很乐意做某事
41.be able/unable to do sth 可能/不能做某事
42.shut up 闭嘴 43.support sb 支持某人 44.appreciate sb 感激某人
45Volunteer Day 志愿日 Clean-up Day 清洁日
46.not only …but also… 不仅…而且… 47.be home to ….的家\是……的发源地
48.volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事 49.each of them 他们中的每个人
50.plan to do sth 计划做某事 51.in an animal hospital 一家动物医院
52.be a professional singer 一个职业歌手 53.volunteer project 志愿项目
54.test paper 考卷 55 solve=find out the answer of……
56.sport club 运动俱乐部 57.a photo of sb 某人的一张照片
58.send sth to sb 送某人某物 59.make it possible 使…成为可能
60、fill sth with sth 使…充满… be filled with be full of 用……装满
61.face the challenge 面对挑战联 62.ues one’s arm well 很好的使用某人的手
63.answer the telephone 接电话 64.open/shut doors 开/关门
65.carry sth 搬运某物 66.be difficult for sb 对某人来说很困难
67.a friend of mine(双重所有格) =one of my friends 我的一个朋友
68.get a specially trained dog 得到一只特别训练的狗
69.because of 因为 70.kind donation 慈善募捐 71.train to do sth 训练做某事
72.understand different instructions 明白不同的指示
73.fetch one’s sth 取来某人的东西 74.be used to do 被用于做某事
75.an amazing dog 一只迷人的狗 76.bring home 带回家 77.feel lucky感到幸运
78、call sb call sb up give sb a ring(call) ring sb up
make a telephone call to sb 给某人打电话
79.make notes of=write down 写下、记下 80.make pen pals 交笔友
81.help sb. out 帮某人解决困难 appreciate sb 感激某人 support sb 支持某人
三、重点句型。
1 You could help clean up the city parks
＊help sb (to)do sth =help sb with sth
eg He helps me (to)do my homework = He helps me with my homework
2 you could give out food at the food bank
＊give out =hand out 分发，发放 give away 捐赠gave in 屈服 gave off 发出 gave up 放弃
＊ hand in hand 手拉手 hand in =turn in上交
on the one hand 在一方面 on the other hand 在另一方面
3 …..，we can’t put off making a plan …
拓展put off 推迟，拖延 put up 张贴，挂起，建造 put down写下放下 put away收好，放好
put out 熄灭 put on 穿上
＊ think up想出，编造think about 考虑 think of 想起，认为 think over 仔细考虑
4 Not only do I feel good about helping other people ,but I get to spend time doing what I love to do .
帮助别人，不但我能感到快乐，而且我开始花时间做我喜欢做的事了
注意A not only …but also不但…而且，可以连接相同的句子成分或并列分句，连接两个并列主语时，句子的谓语
动词应与but also 后主语的人称和数保持一致（就近原则）
eg Not only you but also I am busy .
注意B not only ….but (also)连接两个简单句时，not only 可以放在句首，这时表示强调，所在句子要用部分倒
装，而but also 后的句子用正常语序
eg Not only did he say so ,but(also) he did so 他不仅那样说，也那样做了。
5 I take after my mother
＊take after 在外貌与性格等方面与父母相像（有血缘关系）
＊similar to 相似的，类似的，表示大致相同
＊look like 既可指外貌，也可指物体的形状
eg He takes after (looks like)his father
It looks like a cat I am similar to her
My bike is similar to yours
拓展 take down取下 take place发生 take care 小心 take back 收回 take off 脱掉
四、单元短语总结：
clean up把…打扫干净 把..收拾整齐 cheer up 使振奋，使高兴起来 put off 推迟，推
set up 建立，创立，开办 come up with 想出，提出 give out 分发，发放 put up 粘贴，举起。
Take after 与……相像 give away 赠送 分发 work out计算出 发展
宾语是代词，要放在动词短语中间的动词短语
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put on |
穿上 |
hand in |
交上来 |
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put off |
脱下 |
turn down |
关小 |
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turn on |
打开 |
cheer up |
使振奋 |
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Write down |
写下 |
clean up |
打扫干净 |
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put down |
放下 |
fix up |
修理 |
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give up |
放弃 |
eat up |
吃光 |
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give away |
捐赠 |
take off |
脱下 |
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hand out |
分发 |
try out |
尝试 |
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take out |
取出 |
wake up |
叫醒 |
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pick up |
捡起 |
shut down |
关上 |
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send up |
发射 |
get back |
取回 |
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set up |
建立 |
call up |
打电话 |
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turn off |
关掉 |
look up |
查阅 |
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put away |
收好 |
work out |
算出 |
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put off |
推迟 |
slow down |
放慢 |
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think up |
想写 |
cut down |
砍倒 |
宾语直接放于动词短语后的动词短语
look after 照顾 look for寻找 get on 上车 take after长得像
ask for请求，询问 hear of听说 laugh at嘲笑 wait for等待
pay for付钱 think of想起 agree with同意
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