- ...
- public class ReminderManager extends QuartzJobBean{
- private String reminderStr = "";
- }
- ...
- jobDetailBean.getJobDataMap().put(reminderStr,"abcdefg");
- ...
这样当该任务被触发后,在ReminderManager中,reminderStr的值就会被注入为"abcdefg"。
Trigger:
trigger就是触发器。Quartz有个很好的想法就是分离了任务和任务执行的条件。Trigger就是控制任务执行条件的类,当Trigger认为执行条件满足的时刻,Trigger会通知相关的Job去执行。分离的好处是:
1.你可以为某个Job关联多个Trigger,其中任何一个条件满足都可以触发job执行,这样可以完成一些组合的高级触发条件
2.当Trigger失效后(比如:一个永远都不能满足的条件),你不必去声明一个新的job,代替的是你可以为job关联一个新的Trigger让job可以继续执行。
目前的Quartz实现中,存在两种Trigger,SimpleTrigger和CronTrigger,在spring中分别用SimpleTriggerBean和CronTriggerBean对其进行封装。SimpleTrigger是简单触发器,如从某日到某日,每个一定时间进行一次提醒,在这段时间内进行多少次提醒;CronTrigger是复杂触发器,用来执行calendar-like的任务,可设定一些复杂的触发规则,如每年的x月的第y个星期五,或是每个星期天的几点进行提醒。后面附加一个日常语义与cronTrigger的转化
Trigger
private String name;//名称
private String group = Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP;//组
private String jobName;//所关联的jobDetail的名称
private String jobGroup = Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP;//所关联的jobDetail的组
private String description;//描述
private JobDataMap jobDataMap;//该触发器存储的数据,在回调的时候也可以使用
private boolean volatility = false;//是否持久化到org.quartz.spi.JobStore中
SimpleTrigger
private Date startTime = null;//开始日期
private Date endTime = null;//结束日期
private Date nextFireTime = null;//下次的触发时间
private Date previousFireTime = null;//上次的触发时间
private int repeatCount = 0;//重复次数
private long repeatInterval = 0;//重复间隔
private int timesTriggered = 0;/已触发的次数
SimpleTriggerBean
private JobDetail jobDetail;//所关联的JobDetail,方便在配置文件中使用
CornTrigger
private CronExpression cronEx = null;//触发条件表达式,它有一个String型的setter
private Date startTime = null;//开始日期
private Date endTime = null;//结束日期
private Date nextFireTime = null;//下次的触发时间
private Date previousFireTime = null;//上次的触发时间
private transient TimeZone timeZone = null;//所在时区
CronTriggerBean
private JobDetail jobDetail;//所关联的JobDetail,方便在配置文件中使用
Scheduler的常用方法
添加一个定时任务:
Date scheduleJob(JobDetail jobDetail,Trigger trigger)
修改一个定时任务,主要是更改trigger:
Date rescheduleJob(String triggerName, String groupName, Trigger newTrigger)
删除一个定时任务,同时也会将于该jobDetail关联的trigger一并删除:
boolean deleteJob(String jobName,String jobGroup)
取得所有的jobDetail组
String[] getJobGroupNames()
取得某个group下的所有的jobDetail
String[] getJobNames(String groupName)
取得指定的jobDetail
JobDetail getJobDetail(String jobName, String jobGroup)
取得指定的jobDetail的所有的Trigger
Trigger[] getTriggersOfJob(String jobName, String groupName)
取得指定的Trigger
Trigger getTrigger(String triggerName, String triggerGroup)
Quartz的存储:
Quartz默认的是使用RAM存储所有的信息,但是这样的话,当我们重启服务器后,之前的所有的定时任务就全消失了。为了让服务器重启以后,我们的定时任务仍不丢失,我们可采用数据库持久化定时任务。
首先要先建立数据库,在quartz-1.6.0\docs\dbTables下,选择自己使用的数据库的sql脚本,建立相应的数据库表。
在WEB-INF下加一个quartz.properties。我们可以在 quartz-1.6.0\examples\example10 中找到该文件的样例
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX #表明使用JDBC进行持久化
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties = false
org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource = myDS
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_ #该值尽量不要改动,如改动,还要相应的修改sql脚本
org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered = false
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver = net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.URL = jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://192.168.1.101:1433/Northwind;autoReconnect=true
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.user = sa
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.password =
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.maxConnections = 5
日常语义与cronTrigger的转化,以下setter,getter省略
java 代码
- public class TDateRange{
- private int startType = 2;
- private Date startDate = new Date();
- private int endType = 0;
- private Date endDate = new Date();
- private int occurrences;
- }
- public class TFrequency{
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- private int type = 0;
- private int every = 0;
- private String detail = "";
- private String num1 = "";
- private String num2 = "";
- }
-
- private String formatQuartzString(){
- String quartzStr = "";
- tiggernote="";
-
- quartzStr = "0 "+this.dateRange.getStartDate().getMinutes()+" "+this.dateRange.getStartDate().getHours()+" ";
- switch(this.frequency.getType()){
- case 0:
- quartzStr += this.dateRange.getStartDate().getDate()+" "+(this.dateRange.getStartDate().getMonth()+1)+" ? "+(this.dateRange.getStartDate().getYear()+1900);
- tiggernote+="起始时间:"+quartzStr;
- break;
- case 1:
- quartzStr += "*/"+this.frequency.getEvery()+" * ? ";
- tiggernote+="每"+this.frequency.getEvery()+"提醒";
- break;
- case 2:
-
- quartzStr ="0 */1 * * * ?";
- tiggernote+="每个工作日1,2,3,4,5提醒";
- break;
- case 3:
- quartzStr += "? * "+this.frequency.getDetail()+"/"+this.frequency.getEvery();
- tiggernote+="每"+this.frequency.getEvery()+"周星期"+this.frequency.getDetail()+"日";
- break;
- case 4:
- quartzStr += this.frequency.getDetail()+" */"+this.frequency.getEvery()+" ?";
- tiggernote+="每"+this.frequency.getEvery()+"月"+this.frequency.getDetail()+"日";
- break;
- case 5:
- quartzStr += "? */"+this.frequency.getEvery()+" "+this.frequency.getNum2();
-
- if(Integer.valueOf(this.frequency.getNum1()).intValue()>0){
- quartzStr += "#"+this.frequency.getNum1();
- tiggernote+="每"+this.frequency.getEvery()+"月第"+this.frequency.getNum1()+"个星期"+this.frequency.getNum2()+"日";
- }else{
- quartzStr += "L";
- tiggernote+="每"+this.frequency.getEvery()+"月星期"+this.frequency.getNum2();
- }
- break;
- case 6:
- quartzStr += this.frequency.getNum2()+" "+this.frequency.getNum1()+" ?";
- tiggernote+="每年"+this.frequency.getNum1()+"月"+this.frequency.getNum2()+"日";
- break;
- case 7:
- quartzStr += "? "+this.getFrequency().getEvery()+" "+this.getFrequency().getNum2();
-
- if(Integer.valueOf(this.frequency.getNum1()).intValue()>0){
- quartzStr += "#"+this.frequency.getNum1();
- tiggernote+="每年"+this.getFrequency().getEvery()+"月的第"+this.frequency.getNum1()+"个星期"+this.getFrequency().getNum2()+"日";
- }else{
- quartzStr += "L";
- tiggernote+="每年"+this.getFrequency().getEvery()+"月的"+this.getFrequency().getNum2()+"日";
- }
- break;
- default :
- }
- log.debug("quartzStr="+quartzStr);
- return quartzStr;
- }
Scheduler:
Scheduler 是一个计划集,其中可以包含多个 JobDetail 和 Trigger 组成的计划任务。
在Quartz中,我们可以通过
SchedulerFactory scheduleFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = scheduleFactory.getScheduler();
来取得scheduler,通过调用scheduler.start()来启动quartz。
在spring中,org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean是对Quartz的org.quartz.Scheduler的封装,通过上面的配置,在spring启动的时候,quartz就会跟随着启动,不需要再用scheduler.start()来启动。在spring中,如果要取得scheduler,可通过上面的配置文件那样,将SchedulerFactoryBean注入到schdeuler中。