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Can Banana Peels Save Our Oceans? 香蕉皮净化水质有奇效

 cntic 2012-01-25
Can Banana Peels Save Our Oceans?香蕉皮净化水质有奇效
by Owain Mckimm
Scientists are studying banana peels to see if they can help clean the oceans.
科学家正在研究香蕉皮是否能净化海洋。

Banana peels have led to the misfortune of many cartoon characters for as long as falling down has been funny. _(1)_ Scientists in Brazil have discovered that when banana peels are dried and ground into a powder, they can be more effective in purifying contaminated water than many other filtering chemicals on the market.
Scientists discovered that banana peels contain nitrogen (氮), sulfur (硫), and most importantly, carboxylic acids (羧酸). _(2)_ These waters could have possibly been polluted with mining refuse, industrial waste, or runoff from farms. Perhaps more significant is the fact that the peels can be used repeatedly. _(3)_ This means that the use of banana peels as water purifiers provides a cheap, renewable, and environmentally friendly method of removing toxins from vital water sources around the world. Though the peels cannot remove bacteria from the water, their rate of extracting heavy metal contaminants can be as high as 65 percent per treatment. _(4)_
Brazil is a country in which bananas are incredibly abundant. Restaurants and markets in its major cities throw away tons of banana peels a week. _(5)_ However, cleaning water is not the only thing banana peels can do. As every good housewife knows, they can also be used to polish silver, burnish leather, and give houseplants a healthy new shine.

(A) These acids bind with metals, such as lead and copper, effectively removing them from polluted bodies of water like oceans, lakes, and streams.
(B) The potential for recycling such a large amount of food waste into a sustainable water purifier is an environmentalist's dream.
(C) Now, it seems the slippery skin of the banana is finally developing a reputation in the scientific community.
(D) As a matter of fact, the same peels can be used up to 11 times before they become ineffective as purifiers.
(E) Each treatment cycle can of course be repeated over and over to gain an almost complete cleansing.
  1. 第一题空格应选 (C)
    理由:
    a. 空格後一句提到,巴西的科学家发现,晾乾并磨成粉後的香蕉皮能有效地净化污水,推测空格是解释香蕉皮在科学界有了重大的突破。
    b. (C) 选项的句子说,如今,滑溜的香蕉皮似乎终於在科学界打响名号,符合推测,故选之。
    大补丸:
    a. slippery a. 滑的,滑溜的
    b. reputation n. 名声
    have a reputation for...有……的名声
    例: That hotel has a reputation for good food and service.
    (那家饭店在食物和服务方面都有很好的名声。)
  2. 第二题空格应选 (A)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句提到,科学家发现香蕉皮含有氮和硫,更重要的是,它含有羧酸(carboxylic acids)。
    b. (A) 选项的句子说,这些酸性物质(acids)能与铜和铅等金属结合,有效地将这些金属物从海洋、湖泊、溪流等受污染的水中清除,语意连贯,其中 acids 为关键字,故选之。
    大补丸:
    a. acid n. 酸;酸性物质
    b. bind with...和……结合
    bind vi. 黏合,凝结
    三态为∶bind, bound, bound。
    例: The chemicals bound with each other to form a new substance.
    (这些化学物结合在一起产生新的物质。)
    c. lead n. 铅
    d. copper n. 铜
    e. effectively adv. 有效地
    ineffectively adv. 无效地
    例: Scientists are still researching ways to effectively treat AIDS.
    (科学家仍在研究有效治疗爱滋病的方法。)
    f. remove A from B将 A 从 B 中移除
    例: I removed the stain from my shirt with a special cleanser.
    (我用 1 种特殊的清洁剂把衬衫上的污渍洗掉了。)
  3. 第三题空格应选 (D)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句说,香蕉皮可以不断地被使用。
    b. (D) 选项的句子说,事实上,同 1 条香蕉皮在变成无效的净化物之前可使用多达 11 次,呼应前一句香蕉皮可以不断地被使用的说法,故选之。
    大补丸:
    a. peel n. 水果皮
    b. ineffective a. 无效的
    effective a. 有效的
    例: The small heater was ineffective in the large room.
    (这台小暖气机在这大房间里发挥不了作用。)
    c. purifier n. 净化物;净化器
  4. 第四题空格应选 (E)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句说到,虽然香蕉皮不能去除水中的细菌,但每次处理(treatment)所吸附的重金属污染物比率可高达百分之六十五。
    b. (E) 选项的句子说,每次的循环处理(treatment)过程当然可以一再重复,以达几乎彻底的净化效果,语意连贯,且均有关键字 treatment,故选之。
    大补丸:
    a. cycle n. 循环,周期
    b. cleansing n. 净化
  5. 第五题空格应选 (B)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句说,该主要城市的餐厅和市场每星期丢弃大量的香蕉皮。
    b. (B) 选项的句子接著说,将如此大量的食品废弃物回收再生为能持续净化水源的工具,这种潜力可说是环保人士的梦想,前後语意连贯,故选之。
    大补丸:
    a. potential n. 潜力,可能性
    例: This race horse has the potential to be a world-class champion.
    (这匹赛马有成为世界级冠军的潜力。)
    b. recycle vt. 回收再利用
    c. sustainable a. 能持续的
    例: According to the report, the worldwide economic growth is sustainable.
    (根据这份报告,全球的经济会持续成长。)
    d. environmentalist n. 环境保护论者,环保人士

  1. grind vt. 研磨,磨碎
    三态为∶grind, ground, ground。
    例: The dried kernels were ground into cornmeal.
    (晒乾的玉米粒被磨成玉米粉。)
  2. purify vt. 净化
    例: I purified the water by boiling it.
    (我用煮沸的方式净化水质。)
  3. contaminated a. 污染的
    contaminate vt. 污染
    例: The toxic waste from the factory contaminated the groundwater.
    (那间工厂排出的有毒废弃物污染了地下水。)
  4. significant a. 重大的,重要的
    insignificant a. 不重要的
    例: Nothing significant was discussed at the meeting.
    (在会议上并没有讨论到什麽重大的事情。)
  5. repeatedly adv. 一再地
    = over and over (again)
    例:The teacher repeatedly asked John to be quiet, but in vain.
    (老师再三要求约翰安静下来,但徒劳无功。)
  6. extract vt. 取出;提炼,粹取
    extract A from B从 B 提炼 粹取出 A
    例: We can extract cooking oil from sunflower seeds.
    (我们可以从葵花子中提炼出食用油。)
  7. abundant a. 大量的;充足的
    be abundant with...有大量的……;充满……
    例: This lake is abundant with fish.
    (这座湖里有很多鱼。)
  8. polish vt. 擦亮
    例: My mother polished all the silverware until they looked like new.
    (妈妈将所有银器擦亮到看起来像新的为止。)
  1. misfortune n. 不幸
  2. filter vt. 过滤,滤除
  3. nitrogen n. 氮
  4. sulfur n. 硫磺
  5. carboxylic acid n. 羧酸
  6. refuse n. 废物,垃圾
  7. runoff n.(制造过程中)排出的废物
  8. renewable a.(能源)可再生的
  9. toxin n. 毒素
  10. bacteria n. 细菌(复数形)
    bacterium n. 细菌(单数形)
  11. contaminant n. 污染物,致污物
  12. burnish vt. 擦亮 车
香蕉皮净化水质有奇效
科学家正在研究香蕉皮是否能净化海洋。
长久以来,只要跌倒会引人哈哈大笑,

香蕉皮造成了许多卡通人物的不幸。如今,滑溜的香蕉皮似乎终於在科学界打响名号。巴西的科学家发现,晾乾并磨成粉後的香蕉皮能有效地净化污水,效果优於市面上其他许多化学过滤物质。
科学家发现香蕉皮含有氮和硫,而更重要的是,它含有羧酸。这些酸性物质能与铜和铅等金属结合,有效地将这些金属物从海洋、湖泊、溪流等受污染的水中清除。这些水源可能是被采矿产生的废弃物、工业废料或农田流出的废物所污染。或许更重要的是,香蕉皮可以不断重复使用。事实上,同 1 条香蕉皮在变成无效的净化物之前可使用多达 11 次。这意味著被拿来当作净化水质的香蕉皮提供了 1 种廉价、可再生且环保的方式,来清除全球重要水源中的毒素。虽然香蕉皮不能去除水中的细菌,但每次处理所吸附的重金属污染物比率可高达百分之六十五。每次的循环处理过程当然可以一再重复,以达到几乎彻底的净化效果。
巴西是盛产香蕉的国家。该主要城市的餐厅和市场每星期丢弃大量的香蕉皮。将如此大量的食品废弃物回收再生为能持续净化水源的工具,这种潜力可说是环保人士的梦想。然而,净化水质并非是香蕉皮唯一能做的事。每位贤慧的家庭主妇都知道,香蕉皮也可以用来擦亮银器和皮革,以及让室内盆栽植物健康地闪闪发光。
答案∶ 1. (C)2. (A)3. (D)4. (E)5. (B)





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