 Jacob Moreno |
Coined term "group therapy" in 1931, father of psychodrama |
| Pratt |
First counseling groups in 1905 on tuberculosis |
| Davis |
Introduced groups into schools in 1907 |
| Slavson |
Used groups with children, started American Group Psychotherapy Association in 1942 |
| Alcoholics Anonymous |
First self-help group, 1930s |
| Lewin |
Started training groups (T-groups) in 1960s, referred to group cohesiveness as "positive valence" |
| Reality Distortion |
Environment of group is different than the outside world |
| Role Differentiation |
Process where members adopt different roles within group |
| Johari Window |
Used to explain self-disclosure - there are 4 quadrants of information depending on whether it's known/unknown to self and known/unknown to others |
| Gatekeeping |
Occurs when leader and members insist on sticking to group norms |
| Blocking |
Resisting behavior by member that slows group progress - often seen as silence or non-participation |
| Informing |
When a member talks about another member outside of group |
| Sociogram |
Graphical representations of group member interaction patterns, shows the star, cluster and isolate members |
| Forming Stage |
Stage that includes discussion of norms and rules |
| Transition Stage |
Stage that includes testing boundaries and power structures, members compete for rank, form alliances, test the leader - also called "storming" stage |
| Working Stage |
Stage where committed members work to achieve goals |
| Termination Stage |
Stage that includes closure of the group and summarization |
| Process Evaluation |
Assessment of group dynamics |
| Outcome Evaluation |
Assessment of how members are different because of group work |
| Hill Interaction Matrix |
Instrument used to measure screening and selection |
| Primary Group |
Preventative group that tries to ward off problems - ex. family planning group |
| Secondary Group |
Group that tries to reduce the severity of a problem - ex. grief or shyness group |
| Tertiary Group |
Group that deals the more serious and longstanding individual problems |
| Norms |
Rules governing expected behavior of group members |
| Risky Shift Phenomenon |
Group's decision will be less conservative than the average members' individual decision; ex. group of teens wilder than an individual teen |
| T-group |
Training group, often used in business to address relationships between employees |
| Role Conflict |
Discrepancy between way a member is supposed to behave and how they actually behave |
| Horizontal Intervention |
Strategy that works with whole group - also called interpersonal because it focuses on interactions |
| Vertical Intervention |
Strategy that works with individuals within the group - also called intrapersonal |
| 8-10 |
What is best number of members for an adult group? |
| Democratic |
Which kind of group leader facilitates interaction and guides members to make decisions? |
| Telling leader |
Leader with high task behaviors and low relationship behaviors |
| Selling leader |
Leader with high task and high relationship behaviors |
| Participating leader |
Leader with low task and high relationship behaviors |
| Delegating leader |
Leader with low task and low relationship behaviors |
| Trust |
What is the most important trait in a group? |
| Psychodrama |
Moreno - technique where you act out situations in group - roles include director (therapist),
protagonist (member who's re-enacting), auxiliary egos (members who assist)
|
| I |
Which quadrant of the Johari Window includes information known to others and self such as gender or what you're wearing? |
| II |
Which quadrant of the Johari Window includes information unknown to others but known to yourself such as fear of failure, inadequacy? |
| III |
Which quadrant of the Johari Window includes information known to others but unknown to yourself such as facial expressions? |
| IV |
Which quadrant of the Johari Window includes information unknown to others or self such as family of origin issues? |
| Planned |
What kind of group is restricted to people with a demonstrated need in a themed area, such as parenting skills, addiction group for teens? |
| Spontaneous |
What kind of group has no planned content and is more for personal growth and support? |
| 6-8 |
What is the best number of members for a teen group? |
| 2-4 |
What is the best number of members for a kids group (ages 3-9)? |
| Closed |
What kind of group allows no new members once the group begins? |
| Authoritarian |
What kind of group leader takes control of the group and sets the agenda and rules? |
| Laissez-faire |
Which kind of group leader assumes little leadership and lacks structure or directiveness? |
| Sociogram |
What group therapy tool includes stars, clusters, and isolates? |
