大学英语四级考前辅导 — 作文部分 一 一、历年英语四级考试作文试题汇总 11987.09
Women in the Modern World 21988.06
An Early Morning Walk 31989.01
The Tape Recorder 41990.01
What Would Happen If There Were No Power 51990.06
Make Our Cities Greener 61991.01
Bicycle — An Important Means of Transport in China 71991.06
Changes in People’s Diet 81992.01
Is Failure a Bad Thing? 91992.06
How I Overcome My Difficulties in Learning English 101993.01
Positive and Negative Aspects of Sport 111993.06
My Most Favorite Program 121994.01
The World Is Getting Smaller and Smaller 131994.06
My Ideal Job 141995.01
Can Money Buy Happiness? 151995.06
Advantage of Job Interview 161996.01
The Two-day Weekend 171996.06
Global Shortage of Fresh Water 181997.01
Practice Makes Perfect 191997.06
Getting to Know the World Outside the Campus 201998.01
Harmfulness of Fake Commodities 211998.06
Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck? 221999.01
Don’t Hesitate to Say “No” 231999.06
Reading Selectively or Extensively? 242000.01
How I Finance My College Education 252000.06
Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? 262001.01
How to Succeed in a Job Interview? 27 28 292002.06
Student Use of Computers 302002.12
It Pays to Be Honest 312003.06
An Eye-witness Account of a Traffic Accident 322003.09
The Day My Classmate Fell 33 34 35 362005.06
Teacher’s Day 372005.12
Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? 382006.06
Volunteers Needed 392006.06
On Students Selecting Lecturers 402006.12
On the Spring Festival Gala 412007.06
Welcome to Our Club 422007.12
What Electives to Choose 432008.06
Recreational Activities 442008.12
Limiting the Use of Disposal Bags 452009.06
Free Admission to Museums 462009.12 Create a Green Campus 472010.6 Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling 482010.12 How Should Parents Help Children to Be independent? 492011.6 Online Shopping 502011.12 No Succeeds Without a Strong Will 二、历年英语四级考试作文试题分类分析 根据教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》和《大学英语四级考试大纲(2006版)》,大学英语四级考试作文部分的命题形式主要有以下几种:段首句作文、提纲作文、关键词作文、命题作文、情景作文、图表作文、应用文作文等。 三、英语四级写作命题趋势分析 2004年6月的作文题目是要求学生以导游的身份写一篇演讲稿,不仅要包含表示欢迎的话语,对行程安排进行说明,而且还要阐述如此安排的理由。 2005年1月的作文题目是要求考生以参选者的身份写一篇竞选演说的讲稿,不仅要说明自己所具备的条件,而且还得表明如果当选学生会主席将准备为大家做些什么事情。 2005年6月的作文题目是教师节。要求考生除表达节日问候外,还要从某件小事来回忆老师的谆谆教诲和奉献精神等。 2005年12月的作文题目是校园文化旅游。要求考生就校园是否应对游客开放这一问题阐述自己的看法。 2006年6月新旧四级考试并行。 2006年12月的作文也是传统的议论文形式,探讨对春节联欢晚会所持的不同观点。 2007年6月的作文题目是一则欢迎同学加入某俱乐部的海报。 2007年12月的作文题目又是传统的议论文形式,要求考生就大学选修课的选择问题谈谈自己的看法。 2008年6月的作文题目还是传统的议论文形式。要求考生就娱乐活动的多样性及其利与弊,谈谈作为大学生的你的看法。 2008年12月的作文题目依然是传统的议论文形式。要求考生就一次性塑料袋问题,通过描写现象阐述问题,进而说明意义,发表评论。每一个大学生都有使用一次性塑料袋的经历,而 2009年6月的作文题目还是传统的议论文形式,考查社会热点问题。要求考生对博物馆免费对外开放的问题分析原因,阐明自己的看法。 大学英语四级作文评分标准及评卷实例 1、大学英语四级考试大纲 根据2004年夏颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求(试行)》修订的《大学英语四级考试大纲(2006版)》对写作部分做了如下规定:考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等,写出一篇不少于120词的短文。写作部分要求思想表达准确、意义连贯、无重大语法错误。所占分值比例为15%,考试时间30分钟。 2、评分标准 a. 本题满分为15分。 b. 阅卷标准共分五等:2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷一至二份。 c. 阅卷人员根据阅卷标准,对照样卷评分,若认为与某一分数(如8分)相似,即定为该分数(即8分),若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数则可加一分(即9分)或减一分(即7分)。但不得加或减半分。 d. 评分标准: 2分—条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,且多数为严重错误。 5分—基本切题。表达思想不清楚,连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。
8分—基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯,语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严重错误。 11分—切题。表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。 14分—切题。表达思想清楚,文字通顺、连贯,基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错。 [注: 白卷,作文与题目毫不相关,或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想,则给0分] e. 字数不足酌情扣分:
[注: 1. 如题目中给出主题句,起始句,结束句,均不得计入所写字数。 2. 规定的内容未写全者,按比例扣分。 3. 如果扣为0分,要慎重处理。] f. 为了便于阅卷人员掌握评分标准,将各档作文分相当于百分制的得分,列表如下,称为得分率。其中9分的得分率为60分(相当于百分制的60分)。
6、评卷实例 总结评判作文 四级考试作文主要看内容、结构、语言三个方面。 写的过程当中以及写完之后的修改要注意一下几点:(内容方面尽量不要修改) 1、主谓一致 3、单词拼写 4、名词单复数 5、动词时态 6、字母大小写以及标点 实例一 题目:Bicycles
― An Important Means of Transport in 提纲:(1)为什么自行车在中国这样普及 (2)和汽车的比较 (3)自行车在中国的前途 Score:2 As every body know, Bike is a kind of clean tools of transport.
It not use gas and other energers. For this reason is not creat polution. But
in fact in any way Bicycle is not advanced than car. If it is raining, the
rider will suffer from wet, on the other hand, bike can not carry much goods. According to the our country's developing
rate, I firmly believe that Bicycle will replaced by car or motorcycle in that
nearly future. But undoubtfully it continue the important means of transport in
Score:5 Perhaps the amount of bicycle in Comparing with the car, the bicycle is
cheaper and it is easier in using than the car, but its speed is lower than
that of the car. The bicycle will be remained for a long
time in Score: 8 Bicycle is an important means of transport
in The bicycle, compared to the car, is not
too expensive and it is easy to learn and to use and it can save the surface of
putting it. It doesn’t ask to build the garage like car. This point is very
important to In
the future, bicycle will be widely used. And it will be in good demand. People
will produce much more modern bicycles. Score: 11 There millions of bicycles in today’s Compared with a car, a bicycle is much
cheaper. It is more suitable for I
think the population of Score: 14 Bicycles are very popular in Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in many ways. First,
they are cheap, convenient and easy to ride. Second, riding bicycle is
good for health. Third, they bring no noise nor air pollution. Though cars are
faster and more comfortable, they are too expensive. They consume plenty of oil
and they pollute the air. Sometimes, it is difficult for a driver to
park his car. Moreover,
they often cause traffic jams and accidents. In my opinion, the future of bicycle is very promising. Since 回顾历年四级作文名师改卷感悟及针对建议 1. 大家拿到作文题目之后,先要仔细阅读题目明确作文的类型。这一点是非常关键的。因为四级相对很强调作文的结构。如果没有一个很清楚的结构,一定会失去一定的分数。四级作文一般有下面三种结构:说明文,议论文和应用文写作。说明文主要可以分为阐述主题类型的,利弊类型的,原因结果类型的,解决问题类型的以及谚语说明类型。议论文主要是就观点进行反驳类型的。应用文写作主要包括演讲词,求职求学信,邀请信,感谢信和投诉信等。所以大家必须在平时复习的过程明确各种类型的写作结构,这样在考试时候就可以在结构上不会出现任何问题,也不会因为写跑题而失分。 根据写作题型针对性辅导和训练 1. 对比观点选择型 2. 社会热点话题写作逻辑结构 3.对比观点选择题:1.有人认为……; 2.另外一些人认为……; 3.谈谈你的观点和看法。 99年6月真题 Reading
Selectively Or Extensively? Outline: 1. 有人认为读书要有选择2.有人认为应当博览群书3. 我的想法 How should we read? Should we read
selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view. /Some people think we
should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modern science
and technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read
all the books. What’s more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our
mind. Since we can’t read all the books and we shouldn’t read bad books, we
must read selectively. But others may not agree, they emphasize that
today's society is not what it was. If one man has a wide range of knowledge,
he will have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one field but
knows nothing in other fields, he may meet with failure. Since we must have
many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively. Who’s right? I think both of them have
something right. But I think we should read extensively first. We should read
books in many fields, and read selectively in one field. 第二种方法 When it comes to reading, some people think that reading selectively is a good way, but some
other people do not agree with them, they
think that reading extensively is better. Those people who think that reading selectively is better
believe that good books are as many as bad ones. Those good books can give us
pleasure and knowledge, while those bad books can only
lead sb. astray. So, they think that we should only choose the good books to
read and never touch the bad books. But, the other people
hold that reading extensively is better, they
think that one kind of books can only give us one aspect of knowledge. Even a good
book only contains one field of information. So they believe that reading
extensively is better To my point, we should choose good books to read and read
good books as many as possible. By this way, we can increase the quality and
quantity of reading. 范文. Travelling People who like
travelling have their reasons. They maintain that travelling
can help them expand their scope of knowledge, especially geographical
and historical learning. They go on to point out that touring will
provide more chance for them to enjoy food and try on clothes that they
otherwise cannot possible have. Those who dislike travelling have their reasons. They would argue that travelling
means a considerable amount of money and energy. For example, traffic and
accommodation require money and walking while seeing sights often tires you. In practice, travelling
does more good than harm. If your finance and health permit, you might
as well do some travelling from time to time. It will at least enable
you to get familiar with people and things that you will probably grow to like
and love. 专题一、文章开头常用的语句 1. When asked about When it comes to ..., most/many people believe that ..., but other people Faced with regard …as… consider
…differently
2. When asked about When it comes to ...,
people's opinions differ. Some believe that ..., while others claim that… role 3. There is no
consensus of opinions among people as to the view of
.... Some people idea claim that ..., while others believe that
.... issue 4. There is a
general discussion today about the problem of .... Those
who criticize ... argue that ....
They believe that .... But people who advocate ..., on the other hand, argue
that .... 5. Most people are
of the opinion that .... But in spite of ..., I personally believe that .... 6. Now people in
growing numbers are beginning to realize that .... 7. Now, it is
generally acknowledged that ..., they believe .... But I doubt whether .... .专题二、过渡性词语 1.表示举例 (exemplification): for example, for instance, as an
example, as an illustration, such as 2.表示比较 (comparison): similarly, likewise, in the same way,
equally important, in common 3.
表示对照 (contrast): on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise,
unlike, in contrast, whereas, conversely, by contrast 4.表示让步 (concession): although, nevertheless, however, but,
admittedly, even though, in spite of 5.表示原因
(cause): because, because of, as, since, for, owing to, due to, on account of, as a result of ... 6.表示结果
(result): thus, so, consequently, hence, therefore, accordingly, as a result, as a consequence, on that account 7.表示强调 (emphasis): chiefly, especially, indeed, in fact,
certainly, particularly, actually 8.表示列举 (enumeration): first, second, in the first place,
first of all, to begin with, in the second place, furthermore, moreover, for
one thing, for another 9.表示总结 (summary): in conclusion, in short, in brief, in
summary, on the whole, to
sum up, to conclude 课堂练习 Private Cars写成3段 首段写法: With the
development of modern society/ science and technology, / With the
improvement of people's living standard, more and more people can own private
cars. Today, cars are
entering ordinary families. The growing
number of people can have access to private cars.(此句是引言) 主体段 支持观点的主题句: Some people claim that/ As is pointed
out that/ It is generally
believed that/ It is widely
accepted that, there
are some advantages of owning a private car. There is no
doubt that private cars benefit people hugely. 支持分论点: ① 方便 First, private cars
provide people with the most convenient form of transportation. ② 舒适 Second, it is
comfortable for people to travel in, especially in changeable weather/
raining days/ sand storm. ③ 成就 Third, owning a private car can show a person's social
status/ achievement/ success/ prosperity in his or her career. 否定观点的主题句: ① However (Nonetheless/
Nevertheless/ But), there are
some disadvantages of owning a private car/ Every coin has two sides. ②
While enjoying the convenience that private cars bring us, we should not ignore
the problem they create/ produce/ introduce/ make. ③ Despite/
In spite of/ For all the advantages, they brings their own disadvantages/
problems/ negative effects ④ Like anything else, private cars also have their own weakness/ limits. ⑤ However, private cars are not without shortcomings/ faults. ⑥ Yet other speak of the problems private cars have brought. They complain
that...... ⑦
However, private cars may also bring with it problems our society had not previously
faced. ⑧
Despite the increase in efficiency and convenience generated by private cars,
the changes they bring could very well lead to potentially adverse
consequences. 否定的分论点: ① 占有空间 On the one hand, private cars take up/ occupy
too much space. ② 交通事故 On the other hand, a driver should be careful/
cautious while driving, otherwise, car accidents are more likely to happen. ③ 污染环境 What's more/In addition, private
cars give off/ discharge/ release CO which pollute the environment/
air. 第三段(总结段)的写法: ①
Despite all the disadvantages mentioned above, I still think that the
advantages outweigh/ are greater than the disadvantages. As for the
above problem, I'm sure they will be settled by the scientists in the future/
It is only a matter of time for the problems to be solved. ②
Unquestionably, the challenge of private cars means we all should consider how
we can control them, so that they will not control us. ③
Whether the private cars are a blessing or a curse is a difficult question to
answer, yet the desire for the comfort and independence a private car can bring
will not be eliminated. ④ Anyway/
Anyhow/ In any case, whether the effect is good or bad, one thing is
certain: private cars have changed and will continue to change the way of our
transportation, our leisure and our life. 选择题型变体逻辑结构(My View on Sth.) 选择性观点的变体的文章写作逻辑结构: Paragraph 1:(1)引出将要评论的事物或者是观点; (2)也可以简明扼要的提出人们在这个问题上的两种不同看法。 Paragraph 2:(1)提出作者观点(本文主题句); (2)举例加以论证。 Paragraph 3:(1)总结全文(再次强调作者观点)。 范文17. My View on Fate There
is no consensus of opinions among people as to the
view of fate. Some people believe that everyone is born to a certain that
he can not change, while some other people think that every man is the
master of his own life. As
far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion. There
is a saying, “Everyone is the architect of his own future.”In fact, no
one is destined to a certain fate in his or her life. Those who claim that they
were born to fail or be unlucky just can’t realize how much inner strength and
ability they have. Let’s take Helen Keller, an extraordinary American
woman, for example. When she was a baby, she became blind and deaf.
Instead of accepting her misfortune, she showed great courage and strong spirit
in fighting against fate and made achievements for helping the blind, the deaf
and the speechless. This story tells us that a wise man is always creating his
own fate rather than waiting for good luck. In conclusion, I
believe that everyone is born to be the builder of his own fate. We can have good
fortune only if we work hard. We should bear it in mind, “Every man is the
master of his own fate.” We must depend on ourselves to changes our lives and
make us successful and happy. II、社会热点话题写作逻辑结构 Paragraph 1: (1)
概括性的引出要评论的事物或观点(general); (2) 具体描述这个事物或者观点(或者是我对这个现象/ 事物的基本看法specific)。 Paragraph 2: (1)
作者对该现象或问题的基本看法,即文章的论点句; (2) 支持性的细节分论点(至少两点); (3) 本段总结(可以省略)。 Paragraph 3: (1)
总结全文,定下结论(通常为我的对策或看法)。 四级作文试题2000年1月 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a
composition on the topic How I Finance my College Education. You should write
at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese)
below: 1. 上大学的费用(tuition and fees)可以通过多多种途径解决。 2. 哪种途径适合我(说明理由)。 How I
Finance My College Education 第一段:首先,应该是用一种描述性的语言引出讨论的重点: Nowadays/ At present/ Currently/ These
days/ Today, tuitions and fees for college students are 【more
expensive】 much higher than ever before. How to
finance college education has become a matter of concern. 第二段:有多种的方法,例如:1.向父母;
2.银行贷款 3.打工挣钱 第二段主题句:There are many
ways to support college education financially./ Ways to support my university
study financially vary greatly/ are various. 第二段分写:In the first place, I can get/ gain/ obtain
all the money from my parents. In the second place, I can apply for/ ask for a bank loan, especially
set up/ established for college students/ undergraduates.What’s
more, I can find a part time job to earn enough money. 第三段:我所赞同的方法(阐述原因,为何不选其他的方法)。 Personally/ As far as I’m concerned/ In
my opinion/ From my point of view/ To my way of thinking/ As I see it, I prefer
the bank loan for the following reasons. For
one thing, my parents are not rich enough to afford me. For
another, I will not have enough time and energy to study after
finishing my part-time/ temporary/ odd jobs. In
addition, I believe I can hunt a rewarding/ good job
after graduation, and then I will be able to pay off/ pay back/ return/ give
back. Therefore
/So /Hence, I choose to apply for/ ask for a bank loan. 真题演练:
It Pays to be Honest(2003年1月) It is true that most of us value honesty highly. However, nowadays
we often confront confidence crisis such as cheating, overcharging, fake
commodities and so on. I think that we should be honest because being honest is
not only beneficial to ourselves but also to others and the whole society. The reasons can be listed as follows. Firstly, only honest people
can be truly respected by the others and can make more friends over a long
period of time. Secondly, honesty, which is the traditional virtue of the
Chinese people, can make our life easier and more harmonious. For example,
consumers will not be afraid of being overcharged if dealers are honest, and
thus dealers can win over more customers. Thirdly, honesty can make our society
more stable. A case in point is that It goes without saying that being honest is of great benefit to
both the community and individuals. There is no doubt that we should foster the
spirit of honesty. In conclusion, laying stress on honesty will become the
public morals in our society. 课堂练习: Direction: For this part, you are allowed
30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic Celebrities as the products’ spokesmen?You should
write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 明星代言现象很普遍。 2. 明星代言广告存在一些问题。
3. 我的看法。 Celebrities as the products’ spokesmen In the contemporary society, it is very
common for celebrities, or the so-called superstars, to be spokesmen or
representatives for a wide variety of products. Celebrities’ advertisements can be easily found on the Internet,
televisions, newspapers, magazines and even on the walls of some buildings. There are, however, some problems for
celebrities and the consumers. To begin with, before representing, a star may
know nothing about the product. Thus, consumers may be misled. Even worse, for
the sake of money, some stars advertise for items with low quality, even for
fake commodities. In the case of Sanlu, the public image of stars involved was
spoiled. Last but not least, the high income of advertising does not deserve
their labor, which widens the gap between the poor and the rich. From my point of view, it is high time that
measures were taken to eliminate the demerits. Firstly, laws should be worked
out to regulate celebrities’ advertising. Secondly, stars should be
required to tell the truth to the public. Only by doing so can stars be trusted
by their fans and can consumers benefit.(183) 使文章富有表现力的手段: 1、使用有难度的词汇; 2、使用形容词修饰名词,用副词修饰动词或整个句子; 3、使用被动语态; 4、使用倒装句;(not only... but also...;only...) 5、尽可能地使用名词,而不是习惯中的动词和形容词。 四级作文练习 绿化我们的城市 第一段: 近年来,随着工商业的迅猛发展,许多大城市中树木的数量大幅度降低。人们做出各种努力防止树木被砍伐,但是,认识到绿化城市也同样重要。 普通版 Recently, with the development of businesses and industries, more and more
trees have disappeared in big cities. We have tried our best to prevent people
from cutting trees. But, it is important to realize to make our cities green. 润色版 In contemporary
society, while our industries and businesses have experienced a(n) rapid/
fast/ amazing/ marked/ fantastic development, the number of trees in many
large cities has declined/ decreased/ reduced sharply/ dramatically.
Although remarkable efforts have been exerted to prevent more trees from
being cut, the realization of making cities greener is still of great
importance. 绿化我们的城市(续) 第二段: 绿化城市会带来很多好处。其一,绿化城市能够净化空气。科学研究已经证明树木通过吸收作用可以降低大气中碳化合物的含量。其二,它能够美化城市。到处是花草树木,我们会欣然地感到自己置身于美丽的花园中。最后,绿化城市能够带来大量木材,这是解决自然资源短缺的有效办法。 普通版 There are many advantages in making cities greener. First, it
makes our air clean. Scientific research has proved that trees can reduce a
great amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through absorption. Second, it
adds to the beauty of our cities. With trees and flowers everywhere, there is a
pleasant feeling that we live in a beautiful garden and are closer to nature.
Finally, it will bring us a lot of timber. And this is an effective way to
solve the problem of lack of natural resources. 润色版 What benefits can the program of making
cities greener bring to us? First, the air will be cleaner. Scientific
experiments have already proved that trees can reduce air pollution by
producing a lot of oxygen. This will improve the quality of the urban
environment. Second, our cities will look more beautiful. Just imagine the city
which is full of trees and flowers. What an attractive garden it is! What’s
more, by making cities greener, we can provide our industry with timber the
precious natural resources. 第三段: 绿化城市需要全国人民共同努力,人们不仅要广泛认识到城市绿化对城市环境的贡献,还应该同心协力栽植更多的树木并保护它们不受商业使用的侵犯。 普通版 Making cities
greener requires people’s efforts all over the country. And people should not
only realize that it is important to make cities greener for its contribution
to urban environment, but also plant trees and protect them from being used in
business. 润色版 Making cities greener requires more
than widespread awareness; it calls for an immediate commitment to planting
more trees and growing more flowers. (Making cities greener requires the
whole nation’s efforts. And not only should most people gain the
awareness of the significant contribution of making cities greener to urban environment, but also make
a commitment to the protection of more trees against business.) |
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