Delphi中TSearchRec的Attr有效值问题

天已 2012-04-14

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Delphi中TSearchRec的Attr有效值问题

Delphi中的TSearchRec结构中有Attr的属性。从帮助文档可知Attr只提供了7中类型的文件属性值：
-------------------------------------------------------------
Constant Value Description Linux Meaning
-------------------------------------------------------------
faReadOnly 1 Read-only files Current user does not have write access.
faHidden 2 Hidden files File name begins with ".".
faSysFile 4 System files File is socket, symbolic link, device file, or FIFO.
faVolumeID 8 Volume ID files Not used.
faDirectory 16 Directory files Directory.
faArchive 32 Archive files Not used.
faSymLink 64 Symbolic link File is a symbolic link.
faAnyFile 71 Any file Any file.
-------------------------------------------------------------
而实际上，Windows中远不只这几种类型的文件。当我们通过判断Attr值来查找制定类型的文件时如果用以上7中值查找我们会漏掉很多类型的
文件，因为很多文件类型TSearchRec.Attr都没有提供，且即便是用faAnyFile或者用这7种类型的组合也不能找出全部的文件。通过分析发现，
我还找到了Windows中众多不同于以上7中Value值的文件，现将这些文件类型罗列如下：
-------------------------------------------------------------
1.其中文件夹（即目录）的几种属性组合情况【压缩和加密不可同时存在】
8208 NULL
8208 只读
8210 隐藏
8240 存档
16 索引
10256 压缩
24624 加密
8242 只读+隐藏
8240 只读+存档
16 只读+索引
10256 只读+压缩
24624 只读+加密
8242 只读+隐藏+存档
18 只读+隐藏+索引
10258 只读+隐藏+压缩
24626 只读+隐藏+加密
50 只读+隐藏+存档+索引
10290 只读+隐藏+存档+压缩
24626 只读+隐藏+存档+加密
2098 只读+隐藏+存档+索引+压缩
16434 只读+隐藏+存档+索引+加密
48 只读+存档+索引
10288 只读+存档+压缩
24624 只读+存档+加密
2096 只读+存档+索引+压缩
16432 只读+存档+索引+加密
2096 只读+索引+压缩
16432 只读+索引+加密
8242 隐藏+存档
18 隐藏+索引
10258 隐藏+压缩
24626 隐藏+加密
50 隐藏+存档+索引
10290 隐藏+存档+压缩
24626 隐藏+存档+加密
2098 隐藏+索引+压缩
16434 隐藏+索引+加密
48 存档+索引
10288 存档+压缩
24624 存档+加密
2096 存档+索引+压缩
16432 存档+索引+加密
2096 索引+压缩
16400 索引+加密
文件夹（即目录）可能有以下类型【用对应Value值表示】
16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,48,49,50,2064,2066,2096,2098,8208,8210,8240,8242,10256,10258,10288,10290,16400,16402,16432,16434,2462
4,24626,1243048
-------------------------------------------------------------
2.其中文件的几种属性组合情况【此处没有像文件夹类型那样一一写成对应整数值】
只读
隐藏
存档
索引
压缩
加密
只读+隐藏
只读+存档
只读+索引
只读+压缩
只读+加密
只读+隐藏+存档
只读+隐藏+索引
只读+隐藏+压缩
只读+隐藏+加密
只读+隐藏+存档+索引
只读+隐藏+存档+压缩
只读+隐藏+存档+加密
文件可能有以下类型【用对应Value值表示】
1,2,3,4,6,7,32,33,34,35,36,38,39,128,2049,2080,2083,2086,8192,8193,8195,8224,8227,10241, 12582,16416,16419,
24577,16416,16419, 24577
后记：Windows中的文件大部分都在提供的7种类型中，但是如果我们要搜索文件是硬盘上的所有类型的文件时用提供的7种类型或其组合是无法
找出来的，我们只能通过盘读SearchRec.Attr>0的方式找出所有文件，当我们要查找这7种文件类型以外的某种指定类型的文件时我们只能通过
制定其Value来查找。以下提供了几个遍历文件有关的函数或方法：

查看源复制到剪切板打印

unit utFileSearch;
interface
uses
Windows, SysUtils, Classes;
{ TODO : 从搜索记录中判断是否是子目录 }
function IsValidDir(SearchRec:TSearchRec):Boolean;
{ TODO : 判断是不是实在的文件 }
function IsRealFile(SearchRec:TSearchRec):Boolean;
{ TODO : 返回所有的文件名及其路径[不包括目录文件]
MainPath:string; 为根目录
var FoundResult:TStrings；为返回的文件列表结果集
当找到的文件大于一个时返回True}
function ListRealFile(MainPath:string; var FoundResult:TStrings):Boolean;
{ TODO : 返回所有的文件夹名及其路径[既目录文件]
MainPath:string; 为根目录
var FoundResult:TStrings；为返回的文件列表结果集
当找到的文件大于一个时返回True}
function ListValidDir(MainPath:string; var FoundResult:TStrings):Boolean;
{ TODO : 遍历指定文件类型的文件名及其路径
MainPath:string; 为根目录
FileExt:string; 为需要查找的文件扩展名,必须代点如‘.exe’
var FoundResult:TStrings；为返回的文件列表结果集
当找到的文件大于一个时返回True}
function ListExtFile(MainPath:string; FileExt:string; var FoundResult:TStrings):Boolean;
{ TODO : 获取可写入的磁盘的列表}
function GetDrives(var ResultList:TStrings):integer;
{ TODO : 遍历指定文件类型的文件名及其路径[所有盘符下]
FileExt:string; 为需要查找的文件扩展名,必须代点如‘.exe’
var FoundResult:TStrings；为返回的文件列表结果集
当找到的文件大于一个时返回True}
function ListAllExtFile(FileExt:string; var FoundResult:TStrings):Boolean;
implementation
{将可写入数据的盘罗列出来，抛弃未知，光驱，路径不正确的}
function GetDrives(var ResultList:TStrings):integer;
var
DriveNum: Integer;
DriveBits: set of 0..25; //假设最多有26个盘
DriveType: UINT; //驱动器类型
DriveName: string;
begin
//获取全部Drivers并格式化到DriveBits里面
Integer(DriveBits) := GetLogicalDrives;
for DriveNum := 0 to 25 do
begin
//不在表里则放弃
if not (DriveNum in DriveBits) then Continue;
DriveName:= Char(DriveNum + Ord('A'))+ ':';
DriveType:= GetDriveType(PCHAR(@DriveName[1])); //获得磁盘类型
//清楚CDROM，未知，无效和 network 类型的驱动器
if (DriveType<>DRIVE_CDROM) and (DriveType<>0) and
(DriveType<>DRIVE_REMOTE) and (DriveType<>1) then
begin
ResultList.Add(DriveName+'/');
end;
end;
Result:=ResultList.Count;
end;
function IsValidDir(SearchRec:TSearchRec):Boolean;
begin
{ TODO : 文件类型为[16,31]和48,49,2064,2096的都是文件夹既目录 }
if ( ((SearchRec.Attr>=16)and(SearchRec.Attr<=31)) or
(SearchRec.Attr=48) or (SearchRec.Attr=49) or
(SearchRec.Attr=50) or (SearchRec.Attr=2064) or
(SearchRec.Attr=2066) or (SearchRec.Attr=2096) or
(SearchRec.Attr=2098) or (SearchRec.Attr=8208) or
(SearchRec.Attr=8210) or (SearchRec.Attr=8240) or
(SearchRec.Attr=8242) or (SearchRec.Attr=10256) or
(SearchRec.Attr=10258) or (SearchRec.Attr=10288) or
(SearchRec.Attr=10290) or (SearchRec.Attr=16400) or
(SearchRec.Attr=16402) or (SearchRec.Attr=16432) or
(SearchRec.Attr=16434) or (SearchRec.Attr=24624) or
(SearchRec.Attr=24626) or (SearchRec.Attr=1243048) ) and
( SearchRec.Name<>'.' ) and (SearchRec.Name<>'..' )
then Result:=True else Result:=False;
end;
function IsRealFile(SearchRec:TSearchRec):Boolean;
begin
{ TODO : 文件类型为1,2,3,4,6,7,32,33,34,35,36,38,39,128,2049,2080,2083,2086,
8192,8193,8195,8224,8227,10241, 12582,16416,16419, 24577的都是实在的文件}
if ( ((SearchRec.Attr>=1)and(SearchRec.Attr<=15)) or //[1,15]
((SearchRec.Attr>=32)and(SearchRec.Attr<40)) or //[32,40)
(SearchRec.Attr=128) or (SearchRec.Attr=2049) or
(SearchRec.Attr=2080)or (SearchRec.Attr=2083) or
(SearchRec.Attr=2086)or (SearchRec.Attr=8192) or
(SearchRec.Attr=8193)or (SearchRec.Attr=8195) or
(SearchRec.Attr=8224)or (SearchRec.Attr=8227) or
(SearchRec.Attr=10241)or (SearchRec.Attr=12582) or
(SearchRec.Attr=16416)or (SearchRec.Attr=16419) or
(SearchRec.Attr=24577) ) and
(SearchRec.Name<>'.') and (SearchRec.Name<>'..')
then Result:=True else Result:=False;
end;
function ListRealFile(MainPath:string; var FoundResult:TStrings):Boolean;
var SearchRec:TSearchRec;
Dir:TStrings; //用TStrings记录找到的文件的路径
i:Integer;
begin
MainPath:=Trim(MainPath);
if MainPath='' then
begin
Result:=False;
Exit;
end;
Dir:=TStringList.Create;
FindFirst(MainPath+'*.*',faAnyFile, SearchRec);
//将子目录放入Dir中
if IsValidDir(SearchRec) then Dir.Add(SearchRec.Name);
//将文件放入结果集中
if IsRealFile(SearchRec) then FoundResult.Add(MainPath+SearchRec.Name);
//找完第一条后继续寻找
Repeat
i:=FindNext(SearchRec);
if i=0 then
begin
if IsValidDir(SearchRec) then Dir.Add(SearchRec.Name);
if IsRealFile(SearchRec) then FoundResult.Add(MainPath+SearchRec.Name);
end;
Until i<>0;
//释放由FindFirst开启的资源
FindClose(SearchRec);
//这是递归部分，查找各子目录。
for i:=0 to Dir.Count-1 do
ListRealFile(MainPath+Dir.Strings[i]+'/',FoundResult);
//资源释放
Dir.Free;
if FoundResult.Count>0 then Result:=True else Result:=False;
end;
function ListValidDir(MainPath:string; var FoundResult:TStrings):Boolean;
var SearchRec:TSearchRec;
Dir:TStrings; //用TStrings记录找到的文件的路径
i:Integer;
begin
MainPath:=Trim(MainPath);
if MainPath='' then
begin
Result:=False;
Exit;
end;
Dir:=TStringList.Create;
FindFirst(MainPath+'*.*',faAnyFile, SearchRec);
//将递归时还要用的子目录放入Dir中
if IsValidDir(SearchRec) then
begin
Dir.Add(SearchRec.Name);
//收集结果集
FoundResult.Add(MainPath+SearchRec.Name);
end;
//找完第一条后继续寻找
Repeat
i:=FindNext(SearchRec);
if (i=0) and IsValidDir(SearchRec) then
begin
Dir.Add(SearchRec.Name);
FoundResult.Add(MainPath+SearchRec.Name);
end;
Until i<>0;
//释放由FindFirst开启的资源
FindClose(SearchRec);
//这是递归部分，查找各子目录。
for i:=0 to Dir.Count-1 do
ListValidDir(MainPath+Dir.Strings[i]+'/',FoundResult);
//资源释放
Dir.Free;
if FoundResult.Count>0 then Result:=True else Result:=False;
end;
function ListExtFile(MainPath:string; FileExt:string; var FoundResult:TStrings):Boolean;
var SearchRec:TSearchRec;
Dir:TStrings; //用TStrings记录找到的文件的路径
i:Integer;
begin
MainPath:=Trim(MainPath);
FileExt:=Trim(FileExt);
//检查输入合法性
if (MainPath='') or (FileExt='') then
begin
Result:=False;
Exit;
end;
Dir:=TStringList.Create;
FindFirst(MainPath+'*.*',faAnyFile, SearchRec);
//将子目录放入Dir中
if IsValidDir(SearchRec) then Dir.Add(SearchRec.Name);
//将文件放入结果集中
if IsRealFile(SearchRec) then
if ExtractFileExt(SearchRec.Name)=FileExt then
FoundResult.Add(MainPath+SearchRec.Name);
//找完第一条后继续寻找
Repeat
i:=FindNext(SearchRec);
if i=0 then
begin
if IsValidDir(SearchRec) then Dir.Add(SearchRec.Name);
if IsRealFile(SearchRec) then
if ExtractFileExt(SearchRec.Name)=FileExt then
FoundResult.Add(MainPath+SearchRec.Name);
end;
Until i<>0;
//释放由FindFirst开启的资源
FindClose(SearchRec);
//这是递归部分，查找各子目录。
for i:=0 to Dir.Count-1 do
ListExtFile(MainPath+Dir.Strings[i]+'/',FileExt,FoundResult);
//资源释放
Dir.Free;
if FoundResult.Count>0 then Result:=True else Result:=False;
end;
function ListAllExtFile(FileExt:string; var FoundResult:TStrings):Boolean;
var SearchRec:TSearchRec;
Dir,MainDir:TStrings;
i,j:Integer;
function GetDrives(var ResultList:TStrings):integer;
var
DriveNum: Integer;
DriveBits: set of 0..25;
DriveType: UINT;
DriveName: string;
begin
Integer(DriveBits) := GetLogicalDrives;
for DriveNum := 0 to 25 do
begin
if not (DriveNum in DriveBits) then Continue;
DriveName:= Char(DriveNum + Ord('A'))+ ':';
DriveType:= GetDriveType(PCHAR(@DriveName[1]));
if (DriveType<>DRIVE_CDROM) and (DriveType<>0) and
(DriveType<>DRIVE_REMOTE) and (DriveType<>1) then
begin
ResultList.Add(DriveName+'/');
end;
end;
Result:=ResultList.Count;
end;
begin
FileExt:=Trim(FileExt);
if FileExt='' then
begin
Result:=False;
Exit;
end;
MainDir:=TStringList.Create;
if GetDrives(MainDir)>0 then
begin
for j:=0 to MainDir.Count-1 do
begin
Dir:=TStringList.Create;
FindFirst(MainDir.Strings[j]+'*.*',faAnyFile, SearchRec);
if IsValidDir(SearchRec) then Dir.Add(SearchRec.Name);
if IsRealFile(SearchRec) then
if ExtractFileExt(SearchRec.Name)=FileExt then
FoundResult.Add(MainDir.Strings[j]+SearchRec.Name);
Repeat
i:=FindNext(SearchRec);
if i=0 then
begin
if IsValidDir(SearchRec) then Dir.Add(SearchRec.Name);
if IsRealFile(SearchRec) then
if ExtractFileExt(SearchRec.Name)=FileExt then
FoundResult.Add(MainDir.Strings[j]+SearchRec.Name);
end;
Until i<>0;
FindClose(SearchRec);
for i:=0 to Dir.Count-1 do
ListExtFile(MainDir.Strings[j]+Dir.Strings[i]+'/',FileExt,FoundResult);
Dir.Free;
end;
if FoundResult.Count>0 then Result:=True else Result:=False;
end
else
Result:=False;
MainDir.Free;
end;
end.