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感叹句、祈使句及反意疑问句
2012-04-22 | 阅:  转:  |  分享 
  
感叹句、祈使句及反意疑问句

感叹句

感叹句通常用来表示快乐、痛苦、惊异等强烈的感情色彩。

感叹句的基本句型

1.what+a\an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+!

Whatanicedayitis!

2.how+形容词+a\an+名词+主语+谓语+!

Howniceadayitis!

3.what+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+!

Whatnicepeopletheyare!

这一结构中的形容词应是排除many,much,few,little之外的形容词。

4.How+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+!

Howmuchprogresshehasmade!

这一结构中的形容词应是many,much,few,little这几个形容词。

5.how+形容词\副词+主语+谓语+!

hownicethedayis!

howfastthecarruns!



祈使句

祈使句用来表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等,一般用动词原形开头。

一、带有主语的祈使句。

1.强调主语,或为了指明是向谁提出的请求或命令,或大人对小孩说话时用这种句型,如:

Youcleanthewindows.

Bequiet,everybody.

2.引起注意,或表示说话人发怒、不高兴、急躁、厌烦等,往往带有训斥的意味,如:

Yougetout!

Youmindyourownbusiness!

3.用于同时对两个人下达指示时,如:

You,sweetthefloor;XiaoLi,youcleanthedesks.

You,stayhere,andyouseehimoffattheairport.

4.当祈使句中有副词且又位于句首时,如:

Inyougo!

Awayyougo!

5.主语和呼唤语合用时,如:

John,youreadustheletter!

Well,friends,yougoupstairs.

6.不定代词everyone,somebody,nobody也可出现在祈使句中的谓语动词之前,如:

Everybody,standup,please!

Somebodyopenthedoors.

二、带有主语的否定祈使句:Don’t+动词原形,如:

Don’tanyoneletoutthesecret.

Don’tyoubelateagainnexttime.

三、祈使句之后带有附加疑问句(或肯定或否定),用以加强语气,如:

Tellmethetruth,won’tyou?

Openthedoor,willyou?

Let’sgooutforawalk,shallwe?

四、肯定祈使句之前加助动词以加强语气,如:

Doletmego.

Dohavesomemoretea.

五、祈使句的回答,如:

—Remembertoposttheletter.—Iwill.

Don’tforgettoseethedoctor.—Iwont.

六、祈使句与and,then或or,orelse连用,表示条件。

Practisehareandyouwillpassthedrivingtest.

Apologizetoherorshewillnotforgiveyou.



反意疑问句

反意疑问句是英文中常见的一种句型,它提出情况或看法,询问对方同意与否。

1.陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用aren''tI。

I''mastallasyoursister,aren''tI?

2.陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may+主语。

Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?

3.陈述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。

Someplantsneverbloom,dothey?

4.含有oughtto的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn''t/oughtn''t+主语。

Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn''the?/shouldn''the?

5.陈述部分有haveto+v.(hadto+v.),疑问部分常用don''t+主语(didn''t+主语)。

Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don''twe?

6.陈述部分的谓语是usedto时,疑问部分用didn''t+主语或usedn''t+主语。

Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn''the?/usedn''the?

7.陈述部分有hadbetter+v.疑问句部分用hadn''tyou?

You''dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn''tyou?

8.陈述部分有wouldrather+v.,疑问部分多用wouldn''t+主语。

Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn''the?

9.陈述部分有You''dliketo+v.疑问部分用wouldn''t+主语。

You''dliketogowithme,wouldn''tyou?

10.陈述部分有must的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。

Hemustbeadoctor,isn''the?

YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears,haven''tyou?/didn''tyou?

Hemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn''the?

11.感叹句中,疑问部分用be+主语。

Whatcolors,aren''tthey?

12.陈述部分由neither…nor,either…or连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。

NeitheryounorIamengineer,arewe?

13.陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this,疑问部分主语用it。

Everythingisready,isn''tit?

14.陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:

a.并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。

Mr.SmithhadbeentoBeijingforseveraltimes,heshouldhavebeeninChinanow,shouldn''the?

b.带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定。

HesaidhewantedtovisitJapan,didn''the?

c.陈述部分主句为第一人称,谓语是think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

Idon''tthinkheisbright,ishe?

Webelieveshecandoitbetter,can''tshe?

15.陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。

Everyoneknowstheanswer,don''tthey?(doeshe?)

Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?(doeshe?)

16.带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用need(dare)+主语。

Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?

Hedarenotsayso,darehe?

当dare,need为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do+主语。

Shedoesn''tdaretogohomealone,doesshe?

17.省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用willyou。

Don''tdothatagain,willyou?

Gowithme,willyou/won''tyou?

注意:Let''s开头的祈使句,后用shallwe?

Letus开头的祈使句,后用willyou?

Let''sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe?

Letuswaitforyouinthereading-room,willyou?

18.陈述部分是"therebe"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。

Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn''tthere?

Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwithit,doesn’tthere?

Therehappenedtobenobodythere,didthere?

Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?

19.否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

Itisimpossible,isn''tit?

Hedisagreeswiththeidea,doesn’the?

Sheishopeless,isn’tshe?

Heisnotunkindtohisclassmates,ishe?

20.以oh或so开头的句子,反意疑问句常用肯定形式。

So/Ohyouareastudent,areyou?

Soyouhavefinishedyourhomework,haveyou?



感叹句、祈使句及反意疑问句练习

1.thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyouwilllearnalotaboutfirefighting.(08湖南)

A.HavingsearchedB.TosearchC.SearchingD.Search

2.Youdidn’tusetolikehimmuchwhenwewereatschool,___________?(08上海春招)

A.wereweB.weren’tweC.didyouD.didn’tyou

3.Thelittleboycameridingfullspeeddownthemotorwayonhisbicycle,itwas!(07上海)

A.WhatadangeroussceneB.Whatdangerousascene

C.HowadangeroussceneD.Howdangerousthescene

4.Whenyou’vefinishedwiththatbook,don’tforgettoputitbackonetheshelf,___?(07北京)

A.doyouB.don’tyouC.willyouD.won’tyou

5.Thehousebelongstomyauntbutshe___hereanymore.(06全国I)

A.hasn’tlivedB.didn’tliveC.hadn’tlivedD.doesn’tlive

.Weforgottobringourtickets,butpleaseletusenter,________?(06全国II)

A.doyouB.canweC.willyouD.shallwe

7.I’msureyou’drathershewenttoschoolbybus,_______?(06福建)

A.hadn’tyouB.wouldn’tyouC.aren’tID.didn’tshe

8.Sarahhadherwashingmachinerepairedthedaybeforeyesterday,_______she?(06广东)

A.hadB.didC.hadn’tD.didn’t

9.Mary,____here-everybodyelse,staywhereyouare.(06全国I)

A.comeB.comesC.tocomeD.coming

I’llgettheworkfinished.(06重庆)

A.HaveonemorehourB.Onemorehour

C.GivenonemorehourD.IfIhaveonemorehour

11.Therewasaloudscreamfromthebackstageimmediatelyaftertheconcertended,?(05上海)

A.wasn’tthereB.wasthereC.didn’titD.didit

12.?He?never?said?that?he?was?good?at?mathematics,________?(05北京春招)A.?was?he?????B.?wasn’t?heC.?did?he????D.?didn’t?he

13.?________straightonandyou’llseeachurch.Youwon’tmissit.(04湖北)A.Go?B.Going?C.Ifyougo?D.Whengoing.——Englishhasalargevocabulary,hasn’tit??—Yes,_______morewordsandexpressionsandyouwillfinditeasiertoreadandcommunicate.(04上海)

A.Know???B.Knowing?????C.Toknow?????D.Known

15.I’veneverseenanyonerunsofast---______Davidgo.(04浙江)A.justwatchB.justtowatch???C.justwatching???D.justhavingwatched.ThereareeighttipsinDrRoger’slectureon—sleep,andoneofthemis:?______tobedearlyunlessyouthinkitisnecessary.(04重庆)A.doesn’tgo?B.nottogo?C.notgoing?D.don’tgo

17.Thereisnolightinthedormitory.Theymusthavegonetothelecture,______?(04上海春招)

????A.didn''tthey?????????????B.don''tthey????C.mustn''tthey????????????D.haven''tthey

18.Bill’saimistoinformtheviewersthatcigaretteadvertisingonTVisillegal,____?(04上海)?A.isn’tit???B.isit???C.isn’tbe?D.ishe19.Mrs.Blackdoesn’tbelievehersonisabletodesignadigitalcamera,__________?(02上海)

A.ishe B.isn’the C.doesn’tshe D.doesshe

20.Idon’tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,_______?(01上海)

A.doIB.don’tIC.willtheyD.won’tthey

答案1-5DCACD6-10CBDAB11-15ACAAA16-20DDADC

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