theusageoftherelativepronountheusageoftherelativeadverb
Thisisoneofthebestbooks_______.A.thathaveever
beenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswri
ttenD.thathavewrittenSheisnottheonlyoneofthegirl
s___wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosing
C.whosingsD.whotosing定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句
中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。Iamnotonewho______afraidofdifficu
lty．Don‘tchooseme,who_______notfitforthisjob．isam
GrammarIhaveanapple.Theappleisred.Ihaveanappletha
t/whichisred.修饰先行词anappleIlikesomefriends.Somefrien
dslikesports.Ilikefrinedswho/thatlikesports.修饰先行词frie
nds先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词事，物
：which/that/whose/as人：who/whom/whose/that/as地点：where时间：when
原因：why状语宾语主语句子物人在定语从句中所充当的成分指代关系代词whowhomwhichthat
whose表语定语asThemanwhohelpedyouisMrWhite.Thisi
stheperson(who)youwanttosee.Theperson(whom)
Tomistalkingtoismyfather.Adictionaryisausefulbook
whichtellsusthemeaningofwords.Thefilmwhichwejusttalke
daboutisveryinteresting.Tomislateagain,whichmakeshis
teacherveryangry.Theystayedwithmefortwoweeks,duringwh
ichtimetheydrankallthebeerIhad.Ericreceivedtrainingi
ncomputerforoneyear,afterwhichhefoundajobinabigcomp
any.I′mnotthefool(that)youthoughtmetobe.Themant
hathelpedyouisMrWhite.Thisistheperson(that)youwant
tosee.Adictionaryisausefulbookthattellsusthemeaning
ofwords.Thefilmthatwejusttalkedaboutisveryinteresting
.WearetalkingaboutthewayinwhichhespeaksEnglish.We
aretalkingaboutthewaythathespeaksEnglish.Wearetalkin
gaboutthewayhespeaksEnglish.I’dlikearoomwhosewindo
wlooksoutoverthesea.I’dlikearoomthewindowofwhichlo
oksoutoverthesea.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.
Hehasafriendthefatherofwhomisadoctor.Wearefacingth
esameproblemsaswedidyearsago.Somepeoplehavenodoubtth
attheircatunderstandsas/somanywordsasadogdoes.Wehope
togetsuchatoolasheisusing.He’ssuchagoodstudentase
veryonelikes.He’ssuchagoodstudentthateveryonelikeshim.
Hemarriedthegirl，as(which)wasnatural.Heseemedaforeigne
r,as(which)infacthewas.Aswasnatural,hemarriedthegir
l.Tomislateagain,whichmakeshisteacherveryangry.Theea
rthtravelsaroundthesun,asiswellknowntousall.所充当的句子
成分指代关系副词whenwherewhytimeplacereason时间状语地点状语原因状语Would
yousuggestatimewhenwecanhaveatalk?Theystillremember
thehappydays(which/that)theyspentinBeidaihe.Inasports
teameachplayerhasaclearrole，andtherearefewoccasions
whenmembersareconfusedoruncertainoftheirroles．The
housewheretheyliveisnotverylarge.We′llvisitthefactory
which/thatmakesradios.Whilepublicspeakingfocusesonanind
ividual,debateisanactivitywheretwoormorespeakerspresent
theiropinionsinsupportandagainstagivenissue.China’s
newfoodlawprovidesforafoodrecall(召回)systemwhereproduce
rshavetostopproductioniftheirfoodisn’tuptostandards.
Thisisthereasonwhyhedidnotcametothemeeting.Weare
notsatisfiedwiththereasonthat/whichhegaveus.
┏atwhichheworks.┣whichh
eworksat.Thatisthecollege┣whereheworks.
┣thatheworksat.
┗heworksat.┏onwhichhewas
born┣whichhewasbornonTheday┣whenhewasb
ornwas2ndMar.┣thathew
asbornon┗hewasbornonThisistherea
sonwhy/forwhichhedidnotcametothemeeting.“介词＋关系代词”用法1.
介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，例如：Whoisthegirlwithwhomyoujustshoo
khands2.介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配），例如：Hebuiltatelescopethroug
hwhichhecouldstudytheskies.3.ThetrainonwhichIwentto
Beijingisanexpress.非限定性定语从句限定性定语从句关系代词形式功能意义类别起限定作用。若
省略，原句意义不完整。起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。修饰先行词修饰先行词/整个句子无逗号隔开有逗号与主
句隔开1.有that无that限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别2.作宾语时可以省略不可以省略当关系代词指代
整个主句内容时。Hewaslateagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangr
y.只用非限制性定语从句的情况：当先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物时。Themoon,whichis384,400
kilometersawayfromtheearth,goesaroundtheearth.只用非限制性定语从句
的情况：先行词是人名、地名、国名、建筑物等专有名词时。YesterdayheleftAmerica,wherehe
hadstayedfortwoyears.Ihaveasonwhoisadoctor.Ih
aveason,whoisadocotor.只用that引导当先行词既包括人又包括物时：Hetalkeda
boutthemenandthebooksthatattractedhim.2.指物的先行词被any,eve
ry,only,very,all,no等修饰时：Thesearetheverypointsthatinter
estme.That''stheonlywatchthatIlikemost.3.指物的先行词被序数词或形容词
最高级修饰时：Thefirststep(that)wearetotakeisverydifficult.T
hisisthesecondcard(that)hegaveme.4.先行词是指物的不定代词all,litt
le,few,much,everything,anything,nothing等时：Thereisstillmu
chthatcanbedoneaboutit.Haveyougoteverything(that)you
need?5.先行词是who时：Whothathaveseenhimdoesnotlikehim?不用th
at的场合如下：1.非限制性定语从句中Lastnight,Isawaverygoodfilm,whichwasabouttheLongMarch.2.介词放在关系代词之前时ThisisthemanfromwhomIlearntthenews3.句中出现了that，或先行词是that时IhavefoundthatwhichIwaslookingfor.Anyonewhobreaksthelawispunished.Thosewhobreakthelawarepunished.Hewhobreaksthelawispunished. |
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