不定式使用有误只因用了符号to

不定式使用有误只因用了符号to

动词不定式的一般构成形式为“to＋动词原形”，但有时我们需省去符号to，即应用不带to的动词不定式。 1．在情态动词can，may，must，dare，need等后的动词不定式不可带to。例如： 那个男孩会说一点英语。 误：That boy can to speak a little English． 说明：need可用作情态动词，后跟不带to的动词不定式，也可用作行为动词，后跟带to的动词不定式。试比较： You needn't talk so loud．你不必这么大声讲话。 You didn't need to tell him the news；it just made him sad．你无需告诉他这一消息，那只会使他悲哀。 2．在had better后应跟不带to的动词不定式。例如： 今天她最好呆在家里。 误：She'd better to stay at home today． 3．在Why not．．．？后应跟不带to的动词不定式。例如： 为什么不和他一起去动物园？ 误：Why not to go to the zoo with him？ 4．在感官动词see，hear，watch，look at，listen to，feel，notice等以及使役动词make，let，have等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时应省去不定式符号to。例如： 我们老师让我们把这些单词抄写十遍。 误：Our teacher made us to copy these words ten times． 注意：将此句改为被动句时，省去的不定式符号to应加上。例如上句若改为被动语态应是： We were made to copy these words ten times by our teacher． 在动词help后跟不定式作宾语或宾语补足语时，既可带to，也可不带to。例如： Jim helped（to）finish the work．吉姆帮着完成了那项工作。 Father helped us（to）decorate the Christmas tree．爸爸帮我们装饰了那棵圣诞树。 5．在Will（Would）you please（not）．．．？句型中，please后应跟不带to的动词不定式。例如： 请把你的收音机音量调低点好吗？ 误：Will you please to turn down your radio？ 6．两个或更多的动词不定式连用时，如果它们在句中的语法功能相同或相似，通常只需在第一个动词不定式中用上符号to，其余的动词不定式都不带 to。例如： 我们没有人知道什么时候开始，什么时候结束。 误：None of us knows when to start and to end．    1 简单句、并列句、复合句 根据语法形式，即句子的结构，英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句 和复合句。 1 简单句 句型：主语+谓语 只包含一个主谓结构，而句子的各个结构都只由单词或短语表示。 简单句有五种基本句型，详见第十七章。 They are playing baseball in the garden. 他们正在公园里打棒球。 Her brother and sister both are teachers. 她的哥哥和姐姐都是老师。 2 并列句 句型：简单句+并列连词+简单句 （常见的并列连词有and ，but ，or ） 并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中的各简单 句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之 间用连词连结。 （详见第十六章连词） My friend was at home ，and we talked for a long time. 我的朋友在家，我们谈了好长时间。 Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher. 她父亲是个医生，她母亲是个老师。 I liked the story very much but Li Ming wasn't interested in it. 我非常喜欢这个故事，可是李明却对它不感兴趣。 Hurry up ，or you'll be late. 快点，否则你就会迟到的。 3 复合句 句型：主句+连词+从句；或连词+从句+主句（包含一个主句、一个 或一个以上的从句，或只包含一个从句，但有两个或两个以上的主句的 句子叫复合句。） 做完作业后，我上床睡觉。

用现在进行时表示将来

Grammar 语法 2009-11-11 09:20:31 阅读901 评论1   字号：大中小 订阅

Grammar--用现在进行时表示将来

当句子涉及确切的计划、明确的意图和为将来安排好的活动时，现在进行时可用于表示将来。

1) come, go, stay, arrive, leave 等词的

现在进行时经常用于表示将来确切的计划。

2) 表示交通方式、行程安排的动词，例如 fly，walk, ride, drive, take(a bus, a taxi)等的现在进行时也经常用于表示将来。

练一练！

1. Betty __________(leave) for Guangzhou by plane at 3 this afternoon. Her brother Bob _________(see) her off. It’s half past one now. They____________ (wait) for a taxi outside the school gate.

2. The Browns __________ (go) to the North China by train next week. They _________ (stay) in Beijing for a week. They ________(go) to Xi’an. They ____________(get) there by air.

3. Some friends___________ (come) to Anne’s birthday party this evening. Anne’s mother ___ (be) busy ______  (get) ready for the birthday dinner. Anne _________(help) her mother now.

 is leaving, is seeing, are waiting, are going, are staying, are going, are getting, are coming, is… getting, is helping

注意！

另外，表示将来的动作或状态，还可用以下几种形式：

① will / shall＋动词原形

    I shall be seventeen years old next month.

② be going to＋动词原形：表示即将发生

     的或最近打算进行的事。
We are going to have a meeting today．

③be to＋动词原形：表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。
    Are we to go on with this work?

④be about to＋动词原形，表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。

      I was about to go swimming when my guide shouted at me and told me not to do so.
我正要去游泳，这时向导大声叫我不要去。

⑤ be ＋动词的ing形式：表示按计划或安排要发生的事, 含义是 “预定要……” 这一结构常用趋向动词 go, arrive, come , leave, start, stay , return 和 play , do , have , work, wear, spend , see, meet等 。 　　

--- When are you going off for your holiday?

       你什么时候动身去度假?

--- My plane is taking off at 9:20, so I must be at the airport by 8:30.

我乘坐的飞机将于9:20分起飞, 所以我必须在8:30之前赶到机场.

⑥一般现在时表示将来时

(1)按规定预计要发生的未来动作,仅限于动词come, go, leave, move, start, return, arrive, begin, stay等动词.

The plane takes off at 10:10. That is , it’s leaving in ten minutes.

(2)用在状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时

If you do that again, I’ll hit you.

(3)用在I bet 和I hope后面, 常用一般现在时表将来.

I bet you don’t get up before ten tomorrow.

我敢说你明天不到10点是不会起床的.

⑦单纯叙述未来的事实，可以用将来进行时，也可表示按计划安排将来要执行的动作。

实例：
At this time tomorrow __ B ____ over the Atlantic.（2003北京）

A. we’re going to fly　   B. we’ll be flying
C. we’ll fly　　　　     D. we're to fly
　

练一练！

1. ---Did you write to Grace last summer?

---No, but I'll ______ her over Christmas vacation.

A. be seen　　　　B. have seen　　　 C. be seeing　　　 D. to see

2. ---I’m going to the States?

---How long ___ you___ in the States?

A. are; stayed　　 B. are; staying　　C. have; stayed　   D. did; stay

　　　

3. I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ____ my mum.

A.        am taking              B. have taken

C. take                    D. will have taken

4. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy take because technology ____ so rapidly.

A.        will change                B. has changed

C. will have changed            D. is changing　

5. --- You’ve left the light on.

---Oh, I have. ___ and turn it off.

A.        I go                  B. I’ve gone

C. I’ll go                  D. I’m going

6. --- Is this raincoat yours?.

---No, mine____ there behind the door.

A.       is hanging            B. has hung

C. hangs                D. hung　　　

7. --- What’s that terrible noise?

---The neighbours____ for a party.

A.        have prepared       B. are preparing

C. prepare              D. will prepare　

8. Because the shop ____, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.

A.       has closed down       B. closed down

C. is closing down       D. had closed down

9.  --- Can I join the club, Dad?

--- You can when you ___ a bit old.

A.        get       B. will get    C. are getting      D. will have got

10. I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child.

A.       is to blame         B. is going to blame   

C. is to be blamed      D. should blame

11. At this time tomorrow, ____ over the Atlantic.

A.       we’re going to fly       B. we’ll be flying   

C. we’ll fly               D. we’re to fly

12. ---Are you still busy?

--- Yes, I my work, and it won’t take long.

A.        just finish               B. am just finishing

C.  have just finished         D. am just going to finish

13. ---Did you tell Julia about the result?

--- Oh, no, I forgot. I ____ her now.

A.        will be calling       B.  will call

C.  call                D.  am to call

14. ---What are you going to do this afternoon?

--- I’m going to the cinema with some friends. The film ___ quite early, so we ___ to the bookstore after that.

A.        finished; are going       B.  finished; go

C.  finishes; are going       D.  finishes; go

 

答案：1—5  CBADC       6—10  ABCAA    11—14 BBBC