匈牙利君主列表

龙行起风 2012-06-02

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匈牙利君主列表

本资料来源于中文维基百科

此表列出从阿尔帕德大公开始的所有匈牙利统治者。

匈牙利大公-阿尔帕德王朝
Arpád leaders (c.858-c.907)

归属王朝	肖像	统治者姓名	起始年	终止年	备注说明及评价
árpáds		High Prince álmos 阿尔莫什大王	c.858	c.895	The first Hungarian leader, and father of árpád. He strengthened the alliance between the other six Magyar tribal leaders.
árpáds		árpád 阿尔帕德大公	c.895	c.907	Led the Magyars into Central Europe around 896.^[1] According to the dual system of 统治者姓名ship (similar to the Khazars), he was the actual leader with Kurszán as religious head.

阿尔帕德亲王 Arpád grand princes (c.907-1000)

归属王朝	肖像	统治者姓名	起始年	终止年	备注说明及评价
The rulers of the first half of the 10th century are often disputed, as the Hungarian nation consisted of several tribes led by various leaders. The most frequently proposed are:
-	-	Szabolcs 绍博尔奇	c.907	?	-
árpáds	-	Tarhos 塔尔霍斯	c.907	c.922	-
árpáds		Zoltán 佐尔塔	c.907	c.947	Also known as Zaltas. The youngest (fifth) son of árpád, and Third Grand Prince of the Hungarians (Magyars).
árpáds		Fajsz 福伊西	c.947	c.955	Also known as Fali or Falicsi. Son of Jutocsa (Jutas) the third son of árpád.
árpáds		Taksony 陶克绍尼	c.955	c.972	Son of Zoltán (Zaltas)
árpáds		Géza 盖佐大公	c.972	997	Son of Taksony
árpáds		Stephen I (Szent István) 斯蒂芬一世	997	1000	Son of Géza. Last Grand Prince.

匈牙利国王-阿尔帕德王朝
árpád (and local) kings (1000-1301)

归属王朝	统治者姓名	起始年	终止年	备注说明及评价
árpáds	Stephen I (Szent István) 斯蒂芬一世	1000	15 August 1038	Son of Géza. Proclaimed the first King of Hungary.
王朝的斗争 Dynastic struggle 1038–1046
Orseolo	Peter Orseolo (Orseolo Péter) 奥尔塞奥罗·彼得	15 August 1038	1041	Also known as Peter I the Venetian. Grandson of Géza. Dethroned.
Aba	Samuel Aba (Aba Sámuel) 奥鲍·萨穆埃尔	1041	5 July 1044	Leader of the Kabar tribe. Married Géza's daughter Gizella.
Orseolo	Peter Orseolo 奥尔塞奥罗·彼得	1044	1046	Reinstated, but dethroned again.
Vatha pagan rising 1046-1047
árpáds	Andrew I (András) 安德鲁一世	1047	1061	árpád dynasty restored
árpáds	Béla I (Béla) 贝拉一世	1061	August 1063	brother of Andrew I
árpáds	Solomon (Salamon) 萨拉蒙	August 1063	28 October 1074	son of Andrew I
árpáds	Géza I 盖佐一世	28 October 1074	25 April 1077	son of Béla I
árpáds	St. Ladislaus (Szent László) 拉斯洛一世	25 April 1077	29 July 1095	son of Béla I
árpáds	Coloman (Konyves Kálmán) 卡尔曼	29 July 1095	3 February 1116	son of Géza I.
árpáds	Stephen II 斯蒂芬二世	3 February 1116	3 April 1131	Son of Kálmán
árpáds	Béla II the Blind (Vak Béla) 贝拉二世	3 April 1131	13 February 1141	grandson of Géza I., son of álmos, Kálmán's executed younger brother
árpáds	Géza II 盖佐二世	13 February 1141	31 May 1162	son of Béla II
árpáds	Stephen III 斯蒂芬三世	31 May 1162	4 March 1172	son of Géza II
árpáds	Ladislaus II 拉斯洛二世	31 May 1162	14 January 1163	rebel anti-king, younger brother of Géza II.
árpáds	Stephen IV 斯蒂芬四世	14 January 1163	June 1163	rebel anti-king, younger brother of Géza II.
árpáds	Béla III 贝拉三世	4 March 1172	13 April 1196	younger brother of Stephen III.
árpáds	Emeric (Imre) 伊姆雷	13 April 1196	30 November 1204	son of Béla III.
árpáds	Ladislaus III 拉斯洛三世	30 November 1204	7 May 1205	son of Imre, crowned and died as a child
árpáds	Andrew II 安德鲁二世	7 May 1205	21 September 1235	brother of Imre
árpáds	Béla IV 贝拉四世	14 October 1235	3 May 1270	son of Andrew II., the "second founder" after the First Mongol invasion (1241-42)
árpáds	Stephen V 斯蒂芬五世	3 May 1270	6 August 1272	son of Béla IV.
árpáds	Ladislaus IV the Cuman (Kun László) 拉斯洛四世	6 August 1272	10 July 1290	son of Steven V.; unsuccessful Mongol invasion; lived with the nomad cuman tribes
árpáds	Andrew III 安德鲁三世	4 August 1290	14 January 1301	grandson of Andrew II., born in Venice last of the árpád dynasty

不同家族的国王 Kings of different houses (1301-1526)

归属王朝	统治者姓名	起始年	终止年	备注说明及评价
Premyslid	Wenceslaus of Bohemia (Vencel) 文采尔	1301	1305	King of Bohemia, elected as King of Hungary but not universally recognized
Wittelsbach	Otto of Bavaria (Béla V) (Ottó) or Béla V 奥托	6 December 1305	1308	Duke of Lower Bavaria, was not universally recognized
Angevin	Charles Robert I (Károly Róbert) 查理一世	20 August 1310	16 July 1342	established the Angevin dynasty in Hungary.
Angevin	Louis I the Great (Nagy Lajos) 拉约什一世	16 July 1342	11 September 1382	also King of Poland
Angevin	Maria I (I. Mária) 玛丽亚一世	11 September 1382	17 May 1395	married Sigismund of Luxemburg
Angevin	Charles II the Small (Kis Károly) 查理二世	31 December 1385	24 February 1386	also King of Naples, in opposition to Mary
Luxemburg	Sigismund (Zsigmond) 西吉斯蒙德	31 March 1387	9 December 1437	later also Roman-German King (since 1410), King of Bohemia (since 1419), Holy Roman Emperor (since 1433)
Habsburg	Albert 阿尔布雷希特二世	1 January 1438	27 October 1439	son-in-law Sigismund, also Roman-German King, King of Bohemia, Duke of Austria
Kingship disputed between Ulászló I and Ladislaus Posthumus
Jagiellon	Ulászló I 乌拉斯洛一世	15 May 1440	10 November 1444	also King of Poland
Habsburg	Ladislaus V Posthumus 拉斯洛五世	15 May 1440	23 November 1457	born in 1440 after his father's death, spent most of his life in captivity.
Hunyadi	János Hunyadi 亚诺什·匈雅提	1446	1453	ruled as regent. Fought with great success against the Ottomans
Hunyadi	Matthias Corvinus (Corvin Mátyás) 马蒂亚斯·科维努斯	24 January 1458	6 April 1490	son of János Hunyadi, also King of Bohemia
Jagiellon	Ulászló II 乌拉斯洛二世	15 July 1490	13 May 1516	also King of Bohemia
Jagiellon	Louis II 拉约什二世	13 May 1516	29 August 1526	also King of Bohemia; killed in the Battle of Mohács\|-

哈布斯堡-洛林王朝
Habsburg Dynasty (1526-1780)

归属王朝	统治者姓名	起始年	终止年	备注说明及评价
Kingship disputed between Ferdinand of Austria and John Zápolya during the Ottoman invasion
Habsburg	Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (Ferdinánd) 斐迪南一世	16 December 1526	25 July 1564	Claimed the throne as brother-in-law of Louis II.
Szapolyai	János Szapolyai (Szapolyai János) 佐波尧·亚诺什	10 November 1526	22 July 1540	Also claimed the throne, with support of Hungarian nobles and later the Ottoman Sultan.
Szapolyai	John II Sigismund Zápolya (Szapolyai János Zsigmond) 亚诺什·西吉斯蒙德	22 July 1540	16 August 1570	son of János Szapolyai, but renounced his royal claim in 1570 in favour of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor.
Hungary was effectively split into three parts: Royal Hungary in the north and west, Ottoman Hungary in the south, and the Principality of Transylvania in the east. The following, until 1699, gives the rulers of "Royal Hungary".
Habsburg	Maximilian (I. Miksa) 马克西米连	8 September 1563	12 October 1576
Habsburg	Rudolf I 鲁道夫一世	25 September 1572	26 June 1608
Habsburg	Matthias II (II. Mátyás) 马加什二世(马提亚斯二世)	26 June 1608	20 March 1619
Habsburg	Ferdinand II 斐迪南二世	1 July 1618	15 February 1637
Habsburg	Ferdinand III 斐迪南三世	8 December 1625	2 April 1657
Habsburg	Ferdinand IV 斐迪南四世	16 June 1647	9 July 1654
Habsburg	Leopold I (I. Lipót) 利奥波德一世	27 June 1655	5 May 1705	Habsburgs 起始年 colonization of Serbs (1690) and Germans (1682–1699) in Southern Hungary.
Hungary reunited under Habsburg rule after the Great Turkish War in 1699.
Habsburg	Joseph I (I. József) 约瑟夫一世	9 December 1687	17 April 1711
Habsburg	Charles III (III. Károly) 约瑟夫一世	11 April 1711	20 October 1740	Large scale German settlements in Hungary begin (1720–1800).
Habsburg	Maria II Theresa (II. Mária Terézia) 玛丽亚·特雷西娅	20 October 1740	29 November 1780	Enjoyed broad support of Hungarian nobles;

哈布斯堡-洛林王朝
Habsburg-Lorraine Dynasty (1780-1918)

归属王朝	统治者姓名	起始年	终止年	备注说明及评价
Habsburg-Lorraine	Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (II. József) 约瑟夫二世	29 November 1780	20 February 1790
Habsburg-Lorraine	Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (II. Lipót) 利奥波德二世	20 February 1790	1 March 1792
Habsburg-Lorraine	Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (I. Ferenc) 弗朗茨一世	1 March 1792	2 March 1835
Habsburg-Lorraine	Ferdinand I of Austria (V. Ferdinánd) 斐迪南五世	2 March 1835	2 December 1848	Being epileptic and mentally ill, abdicated in favour of his nephew, Franz Joseph (son of his younger brother Franz Karl). Died in 1875.
Habsburg-Lorraine	Franz Joseph I of Austria (I. Ferenc József) 弗朗茨·约瑟夫一世	2 December 1848	21 November 1916	later regained the rule with Russian help in 1849. Crowned in 1867.
Habsburg-Lorraine	Charles I of Austria (IV. Károly) 查理四世	21 November 1916	16 November 1918	Reigned until 1918, when he "renounced participation" in state affairs, but did not abdicate. He spent the remaining years of his life attempting to restore the monarchy until his death in 1922.

摄政时期
Regency (1920-1944) and Dissolution (1946)

归属王朝	肖像	统治者姓名	起始年	终止年	备注说明及评价
Regency		Miklós Horthy 米克洛什·霍尔蒂	1 March 1920	3 November 1944	Navy admiral Horthy officially 'represented' the defunct Hungarian monarchy despite Charles I of Austria's attempts to retake the throne of Hungary. The state was effectively a "kingdom without a king". Dethronization of Habsburgs enacted by Hungarian Parliament in 1921.

哈布斯堡家族
Pretenders of the Hungarian throne

归属王朝	肖像	统治者姓名	起始年	终止年	备注说明及评价
Habsburg-Lorraine		Charles IV (IV. Károly) 查理四世	16 November 1918	1 April 1922	He returned to Hungary twice to try unsuccessfully to retake his throne in 1921.
Habsburg-Lorraine		Otto II (II. Ottó) 奥托二世	1 April 1922	present	In a declaration dated 31 May 1961, Otto renounced all claims to the Austrian throne.