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[Concept] Automotive paints are generally baked paint. Automobile factory, frame, car body welding is completed (and sometimes manual repair), the next process is painting. ========================== [Craft] ---------------- [Sedan] (1) cleaning the shell; 2 phosphide processing; Electrophoresis primer (light car shell immersed in a paint trough electrostatic positive and negative painting advanced as the foreign manufacturer, such as "BMW" body in the swimming tank for 360-degree rotation, electricity and financial end of paint 180 ° C); 4 plastic coated closed; Anyone to clean the workshop spray halfway-free sanding primer (165 ° C); Topcoat (135 ° C). ---------------- [Passenger cars] (1) degreasing cleaning (2) spray paint Scraping gray (patch defects) (4) primer coat spray in 5 spray paint The color bar decoration. ========================== [Type] Of Pu Tongqi / metal paint / pearlescent paint ---------------- (1) [Pu Tongqi] Needless to say, resins, pigments and additives are "single level" paint directly up spray again trouble (and there are "double level" prime paint practices and metallic paint). ---------------- 2 metallic paint] More aluminum metal particles; Metallic paint, mostly belonging to the "double level" paint (resin different) does not gloss after spray, sprayed with the above layer of varnish for the protection of the metal particles do not damage the light brightness. Looked bright after the completion of refraction. Metallic paint with the paint of the varnish layer, the car looks very bright, very beautiful, to join the metal particles than Pu Tongqi hardness some. ---------------- 3 pearlescent paint] Added cloud masterbatch. Mica is a thin piece of something, reflective direction, there is a colorful effect. The dark pearl paint simple, cover the incorporation of pigments cover the sexual process can be trouble. Light-colored pearls such as yellow, white pearl that process is more complicated process. Pearl mica is almost no cover, the need has been highlighted in the bottom sprayed a layer of the cover of a good color coating, and then spray the nacre spray varnish, which is the "three levels" paint. Due to the complexity of the pearl mica expensive process. First like to buy one the same brand the same configuration of the same style "three level" pearl paint car than any other paint of your three thousand million. ---------------- [Color] White is the cheapest. In analogy, the red pigment of the world-class brand about 25 times more expensive than a world-class brand titanium bai powder; Titanium the bai powder of white paint, the amount of about 5 times that of the red pigments. Therefore, the cost of the red paint used in color than white paint high five times. This is why some domestic cars color varieties so little: simple, low cost. ---------------- [Additive] Such as light stabilizers such as antioxidants. Unfortunately, the good expensive and expensive additives. Many times, the quality of additives determine how this paint gives the impression. One would certainly think that some kind of two years began to appear on the apparent fading of the paint than five years is also bright new paint. But in fact, does not fade the paint. Many times, the factory is more concerned about: the fade evenly. Try not to make the different parts of the car color. ========================== [Paint composition ---------------- (1) film-forming substances] Is the main ingredient of paint, its role is to make the paint to keep the bright state, the rugged durability and adhesion on surfaces is to determine the substance of the paint type. Generally by the natural drying oil or semi-drying oil-modified resin (rosin), artificial resins (such as water loss malic acid resin), synthetic resin (such as methyl methacrylate, polyurethane, polyethylene styrene, polyvinyl chloride, etc.) made. Usually by adding plasticizers and catalysts to adjust, improve its durability, adhesion, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and toughness. ---------------- (2) [pigment] Is one of the two non-volatile substances in the paint, it confers the finish color and durability, while making paint with hiding power, and improve the strength and adhesion, change gloss, improve mobility and coating performance. ---------------- (3) [solvent] Volatile components in the paint, its main role is to fully dissolve the resin film, so that the paint can be a normal smear. The solvent quality can improve the finish of the painting performance and film properties, enhanced gloss, reduce the paint textured to reduce the workload of polishing, and also allow more precise color. In addition to the existing solvent in the paint, but also used as the viscosity of diluted paint to make it suitable for the thinner coating requirements. ---------------- (4) [additive] Over the past decade painting process has undergone tremendous changes, the use of additives are also increasingly common. Although the additives in the paint in the ratio does not exceed 5%, but they play a variety of important role. Can accelerate the drying and enhance the luster of the curing agent, retarder to slow the drying rate, as well as diminished the luster of the matting agent, some additives from the combined effects of: a reduction of wrinkling, speed up the drying to prevent white improve the ability of resistance to chemicals. ========================== 【Paint divided】 Automotive paint in history through three major leap forward: 1 1920s paint alkyd (magnetic); 2 1960s of acrylic acid (magnetic) paint 80 years of clear lacquer (carbamate). To facilitate understanding, we paint the car a simple program for Pu Tongqi / clear lacquer (varnish mirror). ---------------- The same structure Metallic materials - electrolytic paint - primer - paint (Pu Tongqi structure). ---------------- District do not] Clear lacquer than Pu Tongqi To layer: a usually transparent surface with polyurethane or urethane form - clear lacquer. ---------------- [Identification] One of the methods: visual The level of clear lacquer gloss than Pu Tongqi to be deep. Second way: Test Grinding a few with a damp cloth dipped in a little abrasive in the body of the vehicle is not a conspicuous place on the cloth if the color is Pu Tongqi; On the contrary, it is clear lacquer. Difficult to visually, by assumption, it is clear lacquer, press Nursing clear lacquer procedures to work. ---------------- [Clear lacquer Features] The clear lacquer of the emergence of two purposes: firstly, to increase the brightness of the paint and reflective; to protect the paint layer. It is worth noting: the emergence of clear lacquer, the thickness of the existing paint is much thinner than before, some car's paint is thin in thousandths of an inch. The reason is simple: the original color layer is not only a beautiful layer, but also the protective layer. With clear lacquer, only play a beautiful role, and thus there is no need Tu is very thick. (1) clear lacquer beautiful, high gloss. But prone to scratches. If we washed the car, with a slightly stiff towels or chamois to clean the car, the results will find hairline scratches. (2) clear lacquer materials currently used four kinds: urethane, polyurethane, fluorine, and polyester. (3) clear lacquer contains a general protection function to reduce UV exposure (paint does not contain this feature), as long as the transparent layer is intact, it can effectively retard the paint aging (fade). (4) clear lacquer care was good or bad, the general reaction by the reflection lines. Take a newspaper, on the front of the car paint, if the newspaper from the reflection of the shadow of clear lacquer, clear lacquer of the car deep shadow, surface smooth as a mirror. While Pu Tongqi not get this effect. (5) clear lacquer than Pu Tongqi easier by the erosion of environmental pollution. Sources of harmful substances: carbon black of the carbon dioxide emitted in the exhaust; aircraft, aviation fuel, falling debris, acid rain, acid fog, acid snow. Once these debris fell on the car, coupled with air moisture, they immediately become acidic corrosion clear lacquer solution. Just a little heat (the sun's ultraviolet rays), will start a chemical reaction, the erosion of the protective layer of car paint. Once, twice, is not obvious, if a do care, and ultimately this chemical reaction will be to erode the color layer, the primer layer and the metal. ========================== [Painting process A deal with automotive paint on asphalt and other foreign matter, after polishing to prepare 2. Car wash Check the entire vehicle paint, make sure the car paint parts make up paint, fill paint, paying particular attention to polishing. Where the paint is very soft easily damaged 1500-2000 # 3M sandpaper heavier scratches 5 polishing, polishing agent for the first time polishing the whole car Car wash, because there will be a lot more than through the steps above car wax Reduction, again polished to enhance the gloss on the entire vehicle with the reducing agent 8 on beauty products (coating or sealing glaze) ========================== [Touch-up painting] Recommended to the specialized overhaul factory specializing in shop go. All over the place, even after the original, the car installed, touch-up painting is not what the original paint! " If the repair shop to tell you they are using the original paint, it must be lying to you. The reason is simple: when the above mentioned original painting process said, after a good spray paint baking temperature of 130 ° C. So many parts of the finished car, how much ability and the temperature of 130 ° C? Is it then the car demolition of light, leaving the car shell? Even if the factory bumper to wipe also used to refinish ========================== [Baking temperature A touch-up painting with specialized refinish. Refinish the baking temperature is low ,60-80 ° C Refinish color out are patches before deployment. The reason is very simple: Your car may be opened a few years, the paint has begun to fade, although you can not see. If you are parked outside, the degree of fading on different directions will be slightly different - the sun relationship. As much as possible in order to match the original color, only now tune. Also, in order to maximize the chromatic aberration, even if you are just little one need touch-up painting, the factory will be the entire an entire re-spray. For example, have a place on the need to fill in the door, then, to prevent the rub for the sector, on a semi-fan or the whole second half of fan spray. This way, if there is a small little bit of color is not easily seen. (3) when buying a car for the look, buy pearlescent paint (Fortunately, the domestic car what the car seems to not use), touch-up painting when ready to cry. Complement the paint cloud after masterbatch direction it is difficult (or impossible) and the same as the original. Paint even a little color there is no paint can fill an out of sight. Remarks: Computer color matching superb spraying technique of spraying personnel under the premise ("three levels" pearl paint in order to seven or eight layers of tiny color master in the hands of spraying personnel) with the paint and the original paint color to distinguish between the eyes of ordinary people no's. This point can rest assured. The key is: the use of paint, use of equipment and people's sense of responsibility. ========================== [Clean workshop A regular car depot production line, spray paint in a clean room carried out. Although many pure-made cars may not be so dry, it does not mean it does not require. If you see the garage dirty, gray great. I suggest you change place. 3 repair plants, service stations, with clean dry grinding equipment, dry grinding without water avoided water because there is no complete evaporation of spray paint to cause gas blisters, gas, rash, putty deformation, loss and other phenomenon, even when good-looking, over time, paint blistering, shelling. ========================== [Paint maintenance Do not like the bus driver as a bucket of water on the car wash. , And take Zhang Sharpei grinding paint only the extent of the difference. If the next rain or gray thick, and also drag Do not use wax or cloth Shan gray. Simply the car wash. (2) copious amounts of water is undoubtedly a very necessary But very often, the small two of the car wash like vertically with high pressure water jets to wash paint. In this case, the high-pressure water just as likely to cause damage to the paint. 3 the place of the car wash with detergent posing special washing liquid is also very good. 4 vehicles before use, to in a timely manner to remove the dust on the body, minimize the adsorption of the body electrostatic dust. 5 rain rinse in a timely manner. Will be gradually reduced after the rain the rain of the car body stains, rain acid concentration increased gradually, if you do not rinse with water as soon as possible rain stains over time will damage the finish. 6 car wash, you should wait until the engine cooling, cleaning of vehicles not in the hot sun or high temperatures, in order to avoid detergent drying and leave marks. Usually it-yourself washing vehicles to use special detergent and neutral running water, should not use alkaline detergent, soap and dish detergent to prevent wash the grease paint, accelerated aging paint. Scrub vehicles use a clean, soft cloth or sponge to prevent mixing of metal shavings and sand, do not clean the car with a dry cloth, dry towel, dry sponge, so as not to leave scratches. Wipe from top to bottom along the direction of water flow gently wipe should not circle and wipe horizontally. Some special traces of corrosive strong, should be promptly removed. In this regard, it must be cleaned with special cleaning agents, do not feel free to use the blade scraping or gasoline to eliminate, so as not to damage the paint. 9 small abrasions, such as paint surface scars, wounds washed out or even the paint surface was scraped into a fat filamentous, but in fact there is no need to touch-up painting. Light wax treatment; weight to be polishing it can be. ========================== 【Attention】 (1) in view of the new cars tend to sell quickly. Get our hands on the car may be just out from the depot a few days. Baking finish characteristics: generally a lag really solid, hard. Therefore, the new cars do not rush to waxing. Three months later. Three months later, try not to use hard wax. Make up the paint, and other car wash within a week. Raining is that there is no way. 2 new car within a year or two you can do not what to do paint polishing. All right playing the December closure of the glaze. The varnish is also the paint will be oxidized, if your car after the storm, the paint looks bleak. Can be a polishing your car Huanran as new, but the thing to remember paint polishing limit is 6, do not be too hard, otherwise the finish further behind the thin, then throw on the primer are exposed. ==========================
【Article is excerpted from: Baidu Encyclopedia】 |
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