高考英语跳出陷阱训练
第一章删除冗余信息△点拨△
命题人通过添加插入语、限定语、定语从句、同位语等成分，无疑增加了句子的复杂程度，造成学生的视觉差异，从而导致思维错位，产生误导。解答这类题通常采用的方法是“删除法”，去掉多余信息(插入语、限定语等)，答案就显而易见了。
△训练△
[每小题0.5分，共30小题；满分15分]得分：________1.Johnplaysfootball________，ifnotbetterthan,David.
A．aswellB．aswellas
C．sowellD．sowellas
答案B[把ifnotbetterthan去掉答案就一目了然了，aswellas是“和……一样好”，而sowellas一般不用于肯定句中。]
2．Sheopenedtheenvelope,________theletterandbegantoreadit.(2011·北京市高三起点考试)
A．unfoldedB．folding
C．unfolding D．folded
答案A[这是三个连续发生的动作。若选C则表示opentheenvelope与unfoldtheletter动作是同时进行的，显然不合逻辑。]
3．Mike,asfarasIknow,________liketoplaymusic.
A．seemsB．appearsC．feelsD．does
答案D[asfarasIknow是状语从句，does表示强调，而feelslike后需跟doing形式。]
4．Itisinthecity________you''regoingtopayavisitto________thiskindofbeerisproduced.
A．不填；thatB．where；that
C．不填；whereD．that；which
答案A[________you''regoingtopayavisitto是定语从句，作宾语的关系代词that/which可省，第二空是个强调句。故选A。]
5．—Howlongdoyousupposeitis________hearrivedhere?
—Nomorethanhalfaweek.
A．whenB．beforeC．afterD．since
答案D[doyousuppose是插入语，这是“Itis＋段时间＋since＋句子(从句常用一般过去时)”句型，若选B或C，is的时态不对。]
6．Hehasn''tcomeyet.Whatdoyouconsider________tohim?
A．happensB．hashappened
C．happeningD．tohappen
答案B[doyouconsider是一个插入语，此句缺少谓语，故排除C、D。由前一句的时态暗示了此处该用现在完成时。故选B。]
7．Knowing________，asamatteroffact,oneshouldn''tknowisaterriblething.
A．whetherB．thatC．whatD．when
答案C[asamatteroffact是插入语，oneshouldn''tknow是knowing的宾语从句，从句中缺宾语，所以选C。]
8．Weshoulddomoresuchexercisesinthefuture,Ithink,________thosewedidyesterday(2011·四川成都市石室中学高三8月月考)
A．asB．likeC．aboutD．than
答案A[Ithink是插入语，这是such...as...句型。注意：英语中一般没有such...like...搭配，故不选B。]
9．Themanagerdecidedtogivethejobto________hebelievedhadastrongsenseofduty.
A．whoeverB．whomever
C．whoD．those
答案A[to后面接一个宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，故选A。句中hebelieved是插入语，whoever＝anyonewho。注意：who引导名词性从句时意为“谁”；若选those应在其后加who。]
10．Howmanyofus________，say,ameetingthatisnotimportanttouswouldbeinterestedinthediscussion?
A．attendedB．hadattended
C．attendingD．haveattended
答案C[由于wouldbe是句子的谓语部分，所以此处不可用谓语动词，即可排除B、D。过去分词attended后是不可接宾语ameeting的，也可排除A。attending...是现在分词短语作定语修饰howmanyofus。注：say是“例如、比方说”的意思。]
11．MrTanghasthreedaughters,________，luckilyforhim,worksasadoctor.
A．noneofwhoB．oneofwhom
C．eitherofthemD．allofwhom
答案B[后面的谓语是works可排除D，A中的who要改成whom才对，either只表示二者之一，故排除C。]
12．Thefirstpart,itseems,________betterwrittenthantheotherparts.(2011·云南武定县一中高三8月月考)
A．beingB．tobe
C．isD．不填
答案C[itseems是插入语，此句缺少谓语，故选C。]
13．After5hours''drivetheyreached________theythoughtwastheplacethey''dbeendreamingof.
A．thatB．whereC．whichD．what
答案D[theythought是插入语，reach后接宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，故选D，what＝theplacethat/which。which引导名词性从句时是“哪一个(些)”的意思，与句意不符。]
14．Iadvisedthepersonbadly________tohospital.(2011·吉林公主岭市三中高三第一次月考)
A．woundedbesentB．woundingwassent
C．woundedsentD．waswoundedbesent
答案A[badlywounded是过去分词短语作定语，advise后接宾语从句时用虚拟语气，即：(should)＋动词原形。]
15．ProfessorLi,whoI________abroad,stillteachesinPekingUniversity.(2011·山西河津二中高三9月月考)
A．thinkwentB．thinkhavegone
C．thoughtwentD．thoughthadgone
答案D[我“过去认为他已出国了”，事实上他现在还在北大教书。不难看出该选D。]
16．Thenumber2008isaspecialnumber,________，Ithink,thatwillberememberedbytheChineseforever.
A．oneB．itC．whichD．when
答案A[Ithink是插入语，one是aspecialnumber的同位语，也是后面定语从句的先行词。]
17．Hesuggestedthattheproblemworthpayingattention________atthemeeting.
A．tobediscussedB．tobeingdiscussed
C．todiscussD．todiscussion
答案A[worthpayingattentionto是一个后置定语，to后需接谓语动词，suggest(建议)后接宾语从句时谓语用“(should)＋动词原形”。由于theproblem与discuss之间是被动关系，故选A。]
18．In________oldsocietymanyyoungwomendiedbysostrangeandcruel________custom.
A．不填；aB．不填；the
C．the；aD．an；a
答案C[oldsociety是特指，所以要加定冠词“the”，由“so＋adj.＋a＋单数名词”结构可知，C项正确。]
19．Anewsreportisshort,exceptwhenitisaboutsomethingveryimportant,________itcontainsalotofinformation.
A．andB．butC．thenD．so
答案B[去掉“whenitisaboutsomethingveryimportant”，答案就很明显了，but表转折。]
20．Icanhardlyimaginesoprettyagirllikeyou________boxing.(2010·湖北实验中学高三考前冲刺)
A．likeB．tolike
C．likingD．tohaveliked
答案C[soprettyagirllikeyou是一个整体，此为imaginesb.doingsth.结构(即动名词的复合结构)。]
21．Thewomanthereapianoinherroom.
A．haveB．hasC．isD．are
答案B[地点副词there作主语thewoman的后置定语，此空缺谓语，故选B。注意：本句不是therebe句型。]
22．“PremierWen''sreport，”asmileonhisface,hecontinued,“________toseveralhottopics,discusseshowtoincreasepeasants''income.”
A．referringB．refers
C．havingreferredD．referred
答案A[referringtoseveralhottopics是现在分词作定语，修饰PremierWen''sreport。由于discusses是谓语，确定此空为非谓语动词，排除B；过去分词短语referredto是不能接宾语的，即可排除D。]
23．________withbettercommunicationabilityismorelikelytosucceedinhiscareer.
A．WhoeverB．Anyone
C．WhomeverD．Nomatterwho
答案B[谓语动词是is，is前面应该是主语部分，由于主语部分没有谓语动词，可知它不可能是一个从句，故排除A、C、D。若将“with”改为“has”则可选A。]
24．—Canyouattendtomorrow''smeeting?
—I''msorry,butIwillhavetoomuchwork________.(2011·陕西勉县一中高三摸底考试)
A．toseetotocomeB．seeingtocome
C．toseetocomingD．doingtocome
答案A[too...tocome表示“太……而不能来”，toseeto(＝todealwith)修饰work。]
25．Bythewindowsitshiswife,who,dressedinblack,________likemyaunt.
A．lookB．lookingC．lookedD．looks
答案D[dressedinblack是一个状语，此空为定语从句的谓语，根据主谓一致排除A，sits暗示了应选looks。]
26．Theystayedupuntilmidnight________theoldyearoutandthenewyearin.
A．andseenB．tosee
C．seeingD．forsee
答案B[不定式表目的。]
27．Tomsatunderatreeandseeinghisfriend,________upinnotime.(2011·安徽皖南八校高三摸底联考)
A．tostandB．standing
C．stoodD．wouldstood
答案C[由于seeinghisfriend是现在分词作时间状语，相当于其前省略了介词“on”(“一……就……”)，此处的and需连接两个并列的谓语，故选stood。]
28．Iftheproject________bytheendofthisyearisdelayed,theconstructioncompanywillbefined.
A．tobecompletedB．iscompleted
C．beingcompletedD．completed
答案A[由于从句的谓语是isdelayed，所以空白处要填一个非谓语动词作定语，用不定式表将来。故选A。]
29．—Eachofthestudents,workinghardathisorherlessons,________togotouniversity.
—SodoI.
A．hopeB．hopesC．hopingD．hoped
答案B[eachofthestudents是主语，此空缺谓语，可排除C，根据主谓一致，A不对，由sodoI一句可知D项的时态不对。]
30．SomescientistsbelievetheAmericanIndiansreachedAmericabycrossingthebridgethatconnectedSiberiaand________morethan10,000yearsago.
A．whatisnowAlaskaB．isnowAlaska
C．whereisAlaskanowD．isAlaskanow
答案A[and后是connected的一个宾语从句，选项A中的what充当了宾语从句中的主语。由于where不能作主语，可知C不正确。]第二章补全省略成分△点拨△
省略句很容易影响学生对句子结构的准确把握。典型的省略句有：不定式的省略、状语从句的省略、句子谓语的省略、主谓语的省略及强调句型的省略等。解答此类题的较好方法是“补全法”。句子结构补充完整后，干扰因素也就随之消失，答案也就容易判断了。
△训练△
[每小题0.5分，共30小题；满分15分]得分：________1.—Four?Alittle________，say,aquartertofour,OK?
—Allright.
A．lessB．moreC．laterD．earlier
答案D[say是“例如”的意思，由aquartertofour可知，空白处应填“更早一点”，故选D。]
2．TheSmithsarerichandtheyhavethreecars,oneaToyota,________LandRoverofthelatest.
A．anotherB．other
C．theotherD．theothers
答案D[theothers表示其它的两辆车，相当于theothertwocars。theother表示两辆车中的另一辆；another表示三者或三者以上的一辆。]
3．IwillspendasmuchasI________thelessons.
A．cangooverB．cantogoover
C．cangoingoverD．go
答案C[把这句话写完整就是：IwillspendasmuchasIcanspendingoingoverthelessons.。]
4．Theyoungstudentdidwhathecould________theexaminations.
A．passB．topass
C．passingD．passed
答案B[could后省略了do，不定式表目的。]
5．NowforeignersarelookingforwardasmuchtocomingtoChinaassomeChineseareto________abroad.
A．goB．havegone
C．havinggoneD．going
答案D[这是一个省略句，补全为．..someChinesearelookingforwardtogoingabroad。]
6．Theresearchissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.
A．beginsB．havingbegun
C．beginningD．begun
答案D[once后省略了itis，故选D。]
7．Whenfirst________tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.
A．introducingB．introduced
C．introduceD．beingintroduced
答案B[when后省略了theywere，故选B。]
8．________withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.
A．CompareB．Whencomparing
C．ComparingD．Whencompared
答案D[when后面省略了itis，故选D。]
9．Becarefulwhen________theTVset.
A．tocheckB．checking
C．checkedD．check
答案B[when后省略了youare，故选B。]
10．Childrenmustbetaughttoactwithgoodmannerswhen________.
A．speakingtoB．spokento
C．arespeakingD．spokenof
答案B[when后省略了theyare，选B是表示“别人对他们说话时”。]
11．Though________money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.
A．lackedB．lackingof
C．lackingD．lackedin
答案C[though后省略了theyare，故选C。过去分词一般不跟宾语，便可排除A；名词lack后才可接of，所以排除B；D项中的lacked改为lacking就可选了。]
12．Coldchickenisdeliciouswhen________withsalad.
A．toeatB．eaten
C．tobeeatenD．eating
答案B[when后省略了itis，故选B。]
13．Heisonlytooreadytohelpothers,seldom,________，refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.
A．ifneverB．ifever
C．ifnotD．ifany
答案B[ifever表示“就算曾经(拒绝)过”，ifnot表示“如果没有的话”，ifany表示“如果有的话”。]
14．Herpronunciationisasgoodas,if________than,herteacher''s.
A．nobetterB．notbetter
C．nogoodD．notgood
答案B[notbetterthan相当于herpronunciationisn''tbetterthan，意为“不好于……”。]
15．Ifcarefully________，theexperimentwillbesuccessful.
A．doB．doesC．doneD．doing
答案C[if后省略了itis，故选C。]
16．Inthemonth,heearnedasmuchas,if________than，$40,000.
A．nomoreB．notmore
C．nomuchD．notmuch
答案B[notmorethan相当于hedidn''tearnmorethan。意为“不多于……”。]
17．—I''llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?
—Notatall.________.
A．I''venotimeB．I''drathernot
C．I''dlikeitD．I''dbehappyto
答案D[I''dbehappyto后省略了lookafteryourcat。]
18．Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif________whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.
A．seeingB．havingseen
C．tohaveseenD．tosee
答案D[不定式表目的或将来。]
19．Mybrother,whoisamiddleschoolstudent,although________fromsmoking,hasfallenintothebadhabitofdrinking.(2011·江西吉安一中高三上学期开学模拟)
A．stoppingB．stopped
C．hasstoppedD．tobestopped
答案B[although后省略了hewas，故选B。]
20．—Whydidyoutakeataxi?
—I________.Iwaslate.
A．havetoB．havetodo
C．hadtoD．hadtobedone
答案C[hadto后省略了takeataxi。]
21．Thestudents,ifwell________，willbeabletopassthedrivingtestwithoutmuchdifficulties.
A．preparingB．toprepare
C．preparedD．prepare
答案C[if后省略了theyare，若选A，well应放在preparing后才行。]
22．Although________inthecity,________heknowsalotaboutfarming.
A．lived；butB．broughtup；but
C．works；不填D．born；yet
答案D[although后省略了hewas。although一般不与but连用，故排除A、B；若选C，works前加he或者将works改为working才正确。]
23．Heistallerthanhe________.
A．usedB．usedtobe
C．usedtoD．usedtodo
答案B[有时为了避免重复，可以保留to而将to后面的动词省掉，但其后是be或have时一般不省。]
24．Whydidn''tyouattendthemeetingyesterday?Youwere________.
A．toldB．toldto
C．tellingtoD．totell
答案B[为了避免重复，to后面的动词短语attendthemeeting可以省略，但to要保留。]
25．Iwouldmendyourradio,butIdon''tknow________.
A．howtodoB．howto
C．whatD．whatto
答案B[howto后省略了mendyourradio。若选A，do后加it才正确。]
26．WeshouldlikeJanetogetagooddegree,butwedon''treallyexpect________.
A．toB．hertoC．toherD．her
答案B[to后省略了getagooddegree。]
27．—Youshouldhavesaidgoodbyetoherbeforeyouleft.
—Imeant________，butwhenthemeetingwasoverIcouldn''tfindheranywhere.
A．todoB．tohave
C．doingD．doingso
答案B[tohave后省略了saidgoodbyetoher，表示“我本打算跟她道别的，但……”。]
28．—Didyouhelpherout?
—I________，butIdidn''t.
A．oughtB．oughtto
C．oughttohaveD．have
答案C[oughttohave后面省略了helpedherout，是“我本应该帮她”之意。]
29．Iftheweatherisfine,we''llgo.If________，________.(2011·甘肃镇原县华文中学高三第一次月考)
A．not；notB．no；no
C．not；noD．no；not
答案A[后一句补全应为：Ifitisnotfine,we''llnotgo.。]
30．Heisoftenlistened________Englishsongs,butthistimewehadhim________aRussiansong.
A．totosing；singB．tosing；tosing
C．sing；tosingD．tosing；sing
答案A[第一个to是介词，是listento短语，第二个to是不定式符号，感官动词listento是被动语态，其后作主补的不定式要加上to。]
第三章还原句子结构△点拨△
命题人可以利用强调句、被动句、疑问句、倒装句、感叹句、拆分句等特殊结构来改变句子的正常词序，造成搭配上的假象，从而达到干扰的目的。这类题有相当大的迷惑性，极易导致学生上当。解此类题最可靠的方法是“还原法”。只要恢复了它的庐山真面目，答案就一目了然了。
△训练△
[每小题0.5分，共30小题；满分15分]得分：________1.Bobseemstohaveneverbeen________hiswife''sparents,evenherself,seriously.
A．facingB．takingC．seeingD．telling
答案B[take...seriously是“认真对待……”的意思。]
2．Thenumberofpeople________thishappensisnotverylarge.
A．withwhomB．towhich
C．towhomD．onwhich
答案C[这是sth.happenstosb.结构。句意：发生过这事的人的数目不是很大。]
3．________partwomen________insocietyisgreat.
A．The；playB．A；take
C．A；playD．The；take
答案A[由playapartin搭配可排除B、D，part后跟了定语从句，那就表示特指了，所以要用the。]
4．Theoldwomanhadaletterfromhersoninthearmy________toher.(2011·四川成都七中高三上学期入学考试)
A．readB．writeC．writtenD．received
答案A[havealetterread是“请人读信”的意思。]
5．How________helookedandturnedandlooked,________andevenalittle________，attheboy!
A．surprised；surprisedly；angrily
B．surprisedly；surprised；angry
C．angrily；surprisedly；angry
D．angry；surprised；angrily
答案A[第一个looked是“看起来”的意思，所以该用：look＋adj.；第二个looked...(at)为“看”的意思，所以该用：look＋adv.。故选A。]
6．Whichdoyoufeellike________timeonthetrain,chattingwithfriendsorjustreadingsomething?
A．tokillB．toshare
C．killingD．sharing
答案A[which作了feellike的宾语，此空需填不定式表目的，killtime是固定短语，意为“打发时间”。]
7．Isthisfactory________youvisitedlastyear?
A．whichB．thatC．theoneD．where
答案C[此空需填定语从句的先行词，变为陈述语序：Thisfactoryistheone(that)youvisitedlastyear.。]
8．Is________hetoldustrue?
A．whatB．thatC．oneD．it
答案A[此句变为陈述语序：Whathetoldusistrue.]
9．Whatwayareyouthinkingof________ridoftheflies?
A．togetB．getting
C．beinggotD．tobegetting
答案A[不定式表目的。]
10．Isthisthetaperecorderyouwantto________？
A．repairitB．haveitrepaired
C．beingrepairedD．haverepaired
答案D[thetaperecorder后接一个定语从句，havethetaperecorderrepaired“叫人修理录音机”。]
11．—Whatdidshe________somuchmoney?
—Nothingbutanecklacemadeofglass.(2011·重庆万州二中高三秋季开学测试)
A．spendonB．payfor
C．costforD．sellfor
答案D[句意：她卖了什么得这么多的钱？若选A、B则需将somuchmoney置于spend/pay之后才正确；若选C主语一般需是“物”。]
12．Whatdoyouimagine________toJiminthepastfewweeks?
A．happenedB．hashappened
C．happeningD．tohappen
答案B[doyouimagine是插入语，所以此空该填谓语动词，即可排除C、D，“inthepast/last＋段时间”常与现在完成时连用。故选B。]
13．Is________likelytobeanyfoodatthepartyonSunday?
A．heB．itC．thereD．that
答案C[这是therebe句型的一个将来时形式。意为：星期天的晚会上会“有”吃的吗？]
14．________eitheryouorItogo?
A．AmB．AreC．IsD．Was
答案B[不管是陈述句还是疑问句，either...or...的主谓一致要根据就近原则，故选B。]
15．Ifyourmotherandwifeareveryillatthesametimeandyoucanonlyhelponeatatime,whomwouldyouratherhave________tothehospitalfirst?
A．send B．sending
C．sentD．tobesent
答案C[人是被送到医院的，所以该用被动，排除A、B，正常语序应为：...youwouldratherhavewhomsenttothe...。]
16．Whowouldyourather________youtomorrow?(2011·江西修水一中高三上学期第一次月考)
A．hadhelpedB．help
C．tohelpD．helped
答案D[wouldrather＋从句，常用一般过去时表达对将来的愿望。]
17．________therewithyou?
A．Isn''thetogoB．Isn''thego
C．IshenotgoD．Ishenottogoing
答案A[可变为陈述语序：Heisn''ttogotherewithyou.，其中betodosth.是一种将来时态。]
18．Whathashegivenup________usphysics?
A．istoteachB．toteach
C．teachingD．taught
答案B[不定式表示目的。注意：...givenup的宾语是what。]
19．Wasthewood________thisbridgecutoutfromthathill?
A．usedtobuildingB．usedtobuild
C．wasusedtobuildingD．wasusedtobuild
答案B[相当于．..thewoodthat/whichwasusedtobuild...。]
20．TheChinesepremierhasstatedthatat________timewillChinausethenuclearweaponfirst.
A．noB．oneC．anyD．some
答案A[atnotime是“决不”的意思，位于句首时，主谓需要部分倒装。]
21．ZhangHuaiscleverandworkshardathislessons.________.
A．SoisLiMing
B．SodoesLiMing
C．ItwasthesamewithLiMing
D．SoitiswithLiMing
答案D[前一句里出现了两个不同的谓语动词，所以该用“soitis＋主语”或“Itisthesamewith＋主语”。注：C项中的was改为is就对了。]
22．I''llspendmyholidayinShanghai,________livesmyuncle
.(2011·江苏盐城市高三上学期摸底考试)
A．whoB．whichC．whereD．that
答案C[这是定语从句，从句中使用了倒装语序，myuncle是主语，lives是谓语，从句缺地点状语。故选C。]
23．Thequestioncameupatthemeeting________wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.
A．thatB．whichC．whetherD．if
答案C[这是一个同位语从句。句意：会上提出了我们“是否”有足够多的钱来进行研究的问题。注：if一般不引导同位语从句。]
24．Onthegrass________sheep.
A．liesB．lieC．lyingD．laid
答案B[sheep的单复数同形，由于sheep前没限定词，所以必须看作复数，该句的正常语序为：Sheeplieonthegrass.。]
25．—Jennylookshotanddry.
—So________youifyouhadahighfever.(2011·长沙雅礼中学高三第一次月考)
A．willB．doC．areD．would
答案D[这是虚拟语气。]
26．Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars________roadconditionsneedtobeimproved.
A．thatB．whichC．whereD．when
答案A[这是一个同位语从句，解释anewproblem具体内容。that在从句中不作成分，仅起连接作用。]
27．Howmanystudentsdoyouconsider________themeeting?
A．hadattendedB．beingattended
C．tohaveattendedD．attending
答案C[这是considersb.todosth.结构，其中的不定式作宾补。若选A，需将had改为have。]
28．Toasmallandfarawaytownlikethis,acaraccidentisalwaysconsidered________interest,sopeoplesoongatheredaround.
A．asB．ofC．byD．in
答案B[这是“of＋抽象名词”结构作主补，ofinterest＝interesting。若选A，需在as后加an。]
29．Whatelsewasthereinmybrother________youdidn''tlike?
A．whoB．whomC．whichD．that
答案D[这是一个定语从句，先行词是疑问代词whatelse，故用that，不用who(m)/which。]
30．Thetimeisnotfaraway________moderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina''svastcountryside.
A．asB．whenC．untilD．before
答案B[这是一个分隔性的定语从句，先行词是thetime。]
第四章排除语境干扰△点拨△
设题者常通过变换句子的正常结构，利用词语的不同含义和用法，词形的变化，各种搭配，标点符号，转折词等设置干扰语境误导学生。碰上此类陷阱题时，考生务必认真审题，弄清句子的基本结构，分析句子所处的语境，了解句子的真正含义，最后作出正确的选择。
△训练△
[每小题0.5分，共30小题；满分15分]得分：________1.Hemaynotcomeforthemeeting,in________casewewillinviteMrWhitetohostthemeetinginstead.
A．whoseB．thatC．whichD．what
答案C[that一般不引导非限制性定语从句，B错误；what一般不引导定语从句，D也错误。which引导非限制性定语从句时，可作定语，是“那个(种)”的意思。]
2．ThiskindofglassesmadeinShanghai________comfortably.
A．iswornB．wearsC．wearingD．areworn
答案B[“物＋wear＋副词”的结构中，wear常用主动表被动。]
3．________thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromrain.
A．GivenB．Togive
C．GivingD．Havinggiven
答案A[此处的given是介词，作“考虑到”解。]
4．You________paytoomuchattentiontoyourreadingskill,asitissoimportant.(2011·江西白鹭洲中学高三9月月考)
A．can''tB．shouldC．mustD．needn''t
答案A[can''t...too...固定说法，意为：无论……都不为过或越……就越……。全句意思是：你无论怎么重视你的阅读技能都不为过，因为它太重要了。]
5．He''ssmiling；________doesn''tseemtohavebeenanytroublesolvingtheproblem.
A．itB．heC．thereD．that
答案C[这是therebe句型，句意：他微笑着，解决这个问题好象没有任何困难似的。]
6．Everybodyknowsthetruththatallmenarecreated________，soheaswellastheothersintheorganizationhasthesamerights.
A．equalB．normalC．fairlyD．justly
答案A[此处用形容词作状语，说明主句的性质或特征。]
7．Althoughhelikesplayingtennis,heis________butagoodtennisplayer.(2011·长沙市一中高三第一次月考)
A．anythingB．somethingC．nothingD．everything
答案A[anythingbut是“根本不”；nothingbut是“只，仅仅”。]
8．The________tochallengehisdifficultieshasbeenpraisedbytheheadmaster.
A．enoughbraveboyB．braveenoughboy
C．boybraveenoughD．boyenoughbrave
答案C[enough修饰形容词或副词时须后置，所以A、D错误，形容词短语braveenough作定语时须放在所修饰的词之后。故选C。]
9．Hetoldmethat________nothingtherewasworthlookinginto.
A．nearlyB．almostC．hardlyD．seldom
答案B[放在否定词前一般只用almost不用nearly。]
10．Shylock,howcanyouhopeformercyyourselfwhenyoushow________？
A．itB．nothingC．noneD．noone
答案C[nothing和noone分别指物和人，都是泛指，none可指人或物，是特指。此空须填none,none(＝nomercy)意为“没有同情”。]
11．Doyouhaveanydifficulty________？(2011·甘肃天水市三中高三第一次月考)
A．togetridofB．gettingridof
C．gotridofD．getridof
答案A[该不定式是主动表被动，其逻辑宾语是difficulty。句意：你有要摆脱的困难吗？若选B，要在of后加宾语，例如：Doyouhaveanydifficulty(in)gettingridofflies？意为：你除掉苍蝇有困难吗？]
12．Hehidhimselfbehindthedoor,________hestillcouldseewhatwouldhappentohisclassmates.
A．thereB．behindwhich
C．fromwhichD．fromwhere
答案D[如果用fromwhich的话，先行词应是名词(短语)，如：Thesunisagoodthing,fromwhichwecangetlightandheat.(注：先行词是thesun)用fromwhere时，先行词通常是介词短语结构，本题的先行词是behindthedoor。]
13．Theyaregoodfriends.________isnowonderthattheyknoweachothersowell.
A．ThisB．ThatC．ThereD．It
答案D[Itisnowonderthat是固定句型，意为：难怪……。]
14．Hespendsalotoftime________theTVset.
A．inwatchingB．about
C．infrontofD．onwatching
答案C[若选A，需将该空后的theTVset改为TV。]
15．Ifwecan''tafford,weshallhaveto________withfish.
A．doB．goC．eatD．deal
答案A[dowith是“以……对付过去，以……凑合着用”的意思。若选C，应去掉后面的介词with。]
16．Hisfatherhasraisedfifty________onhisfarm.(2011·内蒙古赤峰市平煤高中高三第一次学情测试)
A．headsofsheepsB．headsofsheep
C．headofsheepsD．headofsheep
答案D[sheep和head作“(猪、牛等的)头数”解，都是单复数同形的词，其后不加-s。]
17．Beforeliberation,wherefloods,earthquakes,firesandmanyotherdisastersstruck,manypeoplewere________toleavingtheirhometown.
A．madeB．intended
C．reducedD．forced
答案C[bereducedto意为“沦为……”，其中to是介词。若选A须将toleaving改为leave；若选D须将leaving改为leave。]
18．Helooked________atthenewsontheradio.
A．sadB．sadlyC．funD．sadness
答案A[句中looked是系动词，需跟形容词作表语。句意：他听到收音机上的新闻后，看起来很悲伤。]
19．—Wheredoyou________thewritingpaper?
—Inthatdrawer.
(2011·湖北荆州市监利县第一中学高三八月月考)
A．putB．holdC．keepD．place
答案C[由该句的一般现在时可知选C。若选A、D应将时态改为一般过去时或现在完成时。]
20．Ithiscomputerfor4,000yuan.
A．paidB．offeredC．spentD．cost
答案B[A、C、D的宾语一般是“钱”，故可排除。offer意为“主动要价”。]
21．Mostpeoplewouldnotconsider________toadentisttheirideaofagoodtime.
A．visitingB．tovisit
C．visitD．avisit
答案D[consider后跟一个名词作宾语。如果选A，此空后的介词to须去掉。]
22．Themanlyingonthegroundwas________.Hemusthavedrunktoomuch.
A．deaddrunkB．deaddrunken
C．drunkenD．drunktoo
答案A[dead在此是副词，意思是“完全地”；drunk常作表语，drunken常作定语，修饰名词。]
23．________yourteacheragainstyourplan?(2011·江西吉安一中高三上学期开学模拟)
A．DoB．DoesC．IsD．Can
答案C[against是介词，不是动词，故选C。]
24．Itis________thatSaddamwillbesentencedtodeath.
A．sureB．surelyC．certainlyD．certain
答案D[Itiscertainthat...结构中的certain一般不可用sure来取代。]
25．—Pleasecallmeat8∶00tomorrowmorning.I''mkindofforgetful.
—Don''tworryaboutthat；you''llbesurely________.
A．remindedB．toldC．warnedD．informed
答案A[怕人忘记才“提醒”。]
26．Ifyouarenotsureofthemeaningofthisword,youcan________thedictionary.
A．refertoB．lookupC．seeD．lookat
答案A[referto意为“查阅”。lookup虽也可作“查阅”解，其后一般不可跟dictionary等词作宾语，一般为：looksth.upinadictionary。]
27．IfTomcarriesonworkinglikethat,he''ll________soonerorlater.
A．giveoutB．keepoutC．holdoutD．wearout
答案A[giveout是“(身体)垮掉”的意思。若选D，应改为bewornout。]
28．Whenhegotoffthebus,hefoundhispocket________.(2010·福建泉州一中高三最后一次模拟考试)
A．stolenB．pickedC．goneD．missing
答案B[由pocket“口袋”一词可知选B“被扒”，若将pocket改为wallet，A、C、D都正确。]
29．________hesaidatthemeetingtheotherdaywas________impossible.
A．That；veryB．That；quite
C．What；veryD．What；quite
答案D[impossible等没有比较等级的形容词前一般用quite来修饰。]
30．Let''sgooutforapicnicif________.(2010·江苏扬州中学高三第四次模试题)
A．youareconvenientB．itisconvenienttoyou
C．youfeelconvenientD．itisconvenientwithyou
答案B[convenient作表语时，主语一般不可是“人”。]第五章识别相似表达△点拨△
英语中有些句式结构形相似而实不相同，命题者经常利用这一点来设计“陷阱”。此类题粗看起来非常类似某个熟悉的句式，极易造成学生思维错觉。做此类题不能粗心大意，要注重语境，理解句意，强化对易混句的辨析，有意识地改变思维定势。
△训练△
[每小题2分；满分100分]得分：________1.①Myfatheraskedme________Iwasgettingonwellwithmyclassmates.
A．thatB．ifC．howD．what
②Myfatheraskedme________Iwasgettingonwithmyclassmates.
A．thatB．ifC．howD．what
答案①B②C[①：我爸问我“是否”与同学相处得好。故选B。②：我爸问我与同学相处得“怎样”。故选C。]
2．①Ihavebeeninformedofwhenwe________forLondonnextyear.
A．willleaveB．leave
C．leftD．haveleft
②Letmeknowthenewswhenyou________inLondonnextweek.
A．willarriveB．arrive
C．arrivedD．havearrived
答案①A②B[①中的when引导的是宾语从句，由nextyear可知选A。②中的when引导的是时间状语从句，需用一般现在时表将来。故选B。]
3．①Sheissuchagoodteacher________allofusloveandrespect.
A．thatB．sinceC．asD．who
②Sheissuchagoodteacher________allofusloveandrespecther.
A．thatB．sinceC．asD．who
答案①C②A[such...as和such...that的区别是：前者的as引导的是定语从句，as在从句中须作主语、宾语、表语等；后者that引导的是结果状语从句，that不作成分。①中的loveandrespect后缺宾语，所以选C，②中不缺成分，所以选A。]
4．①I''llgotoBeijingonbusinesstomorrow.Doyouhaveanything________toyoursonstudyinginBeijingUniversity?
A．tobetakenB．totake
C．takenD．beingtaken
②You''llgotoBeijingonbusinesstomorrow.Doyouhaveanything________toyoursonstudyinginBeijingUniversity?
A．tobetakenB．totake
C．takenD．beingtaken
答案①A②B[主语＋havesth.tobedone表示该不定式的动作不是主语完成的，①属于这种情况；主语＋havesth.todo表示“主语＋dosth.”，②属于这种情况。]
5．①Heisworkinginafactory.It________ahalfyearsincehe________acollegestudent.
A．is；wasB．hasbeen；become
C．is；becameD．hasbeen；became
②Heisstudyingincollege.It________ahalfyearsincehe________acollegestudent.
A．is；wasB．hasbeen；become
C．is；becameD．hasbeen；became
答案①A②C[在Itis＋段时间＋since...句型中，since从句的谓语动词是延续性的，表示动作的终止；若since从句的谓语动词是短暂性的，则表示动作的开始。①：选A，译为：他大学毕业半年了。②：选C，译为：他读大学半年了。]
6．①Icanstillremembertheveryreadingroom________weusedtoreadinouryoungerdays.
A．whatB．whichC．thatD．where
②Thisistheveryroom________Isleptinthatevening.
A．whereB．whichC．thatD．who
答案①D②C[①：定语从句缺地点状语，故选D。②：定语从句中的介词in后缺宾语，由于先行词前有thevery修饰，所以只用“that”。]
7．①Hegotupearly,________tocatchthetrain.
A．tohopeB．hopingC．hopeD．hoped
②Hegotupearly________thefirsttrain.
A．tocatchB．catchingC．catchD．caught
答案①B②A[①：此处用现在分词表伴随状语，不选A的原因是，hope这个词本身就有“目的”的意味，一般不用tohope表示目的，再者，前面有逗号一般也不用表示目的不定式。②：不定式表示目的。]
8．①________nice,thefoodwassoldoutsoon.
A．TastedB．Tasting
C．TotasteD．Beingtasted
②________carefully,themixturewasbitter.
A．TastedB．TastingC．TasteD．Totaste
答案①B②A[①：由于nice是形容词，可以确定taste是系动词，系动词一般不用被动，可以排除A、D。如果选C，则表示目的，显然不对。故选B，现在分词作原因状语。②：由于受副词carefully修饰，此处的taste是行为动词，与主语mixture是动宾关系，故选A。]
9．①Allthestudents________，thereportbegan.
A．wereseatedB．seated
C．weresittingD．satdown
②Allthestudents________，andthereportbegan.
A．hadseatedB．seated
C．wereseatingD．satdown
答案①B②D[①：逗号后没连词，说明这是独立主格结构，此空不可填谓语动词。②：and连接两个并列句，seat是及物动词，即可排除A、C。]
10．①CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered________thefirstcomputer.
A．toinventB．tohaveinvented
C．inventingD．havinginvented
②CharlesBabbagealwaysconsidered________thefirstcomputer.
A．toinventB．tohaveinvented
C．inventingD．hadinvented
答案①B②C[①中的consider“认为”，此空需填不定式作主补，可排除C、D，由于“发明”的动作先于“认为”，故用不定式的完成式。②中的consider“考虑”，其后一般可跟动名词而不跟不定式作宾语，所以选C。]
11．①Strangeenough,shefoundherwallet________shelostit.
A．whereB．whenC．inwhichD．that
②Strangeenough,shefoundherwalletin________wasonceaooldtemple.
A．whereB．whenC．whatD．that
答案①A②C[①：where引导地点状语从句。②：what引导宾语从句，what在宾语从句中又作主语。]
12．①ItwasJuly1,1997________sawthereturnofHongKongtothemotherland.
A．thatB．whenC．whichD．inwhich
②ItwasonJuly1,1997________IsawthereturnofHongKongtothemotherland.
A．thatB．whenC．whichD．inwhich
答案①A②A[①：是定语从句，July1,1997是先行词。②：是一个强调句，强调onJuly1,1997。]
13．①Thedoctor,________helptheengineermanagedtoinventanewinstrument,waspraised.
A．thatB．withwhose
C．whoD．whom
②Thedoctor,________helpedtheengineerinventanewinstrument,waspraised.
A．thatB．withwhose
C．whoD．whom
答案①B②C[①：withwhosehelp表示“在医生的帮助下”，whose作定语修饰help。②：句中是非限制性定语从句，即可排除A，此空缺主语，故选C。]
14．①Thisbookisveryinteresting.Wheredidyoubuyit?Iwillbuythesamebook________youhavebought.
A．whichB．asC．thatD．what
②Tomysurprise,Ididfindthesamewallet________Ihadlostthedaybefore.
A．whichB．asC．thatD．what
答案①B②C[thesame...as表示“同类”；thesame...that表示“同一”。]
15．①Thehouseneedn''t________.
A．tocleanB．cleaning
C．becleanedD．tobecleaned
②Thehousedoesn''tneed________.
A．cleanB．cleaning
C．becleanedD．cleaned
答案①C②B[①中的need是情态动词，后跟动词原形，可排除A、B、D。②中的need是行为动词，所要填的动词与主语存在动宾关系，可用动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式，所以选B。注：C项前加to也正确。]
16．①Itwasapitythatthegreatscientistdied________hisworksunfinished.
A．forB．withC．becauseD．of
②Itwasapitythatthegreatscientistdied________cancer.
A．atB．withC．becauseD．of
答案①B②D[①：唯with可跟复合宾语。②：dieof是“因……而死”。as和because都是连词，故不可选。]
17．①Hewassoangry________methatheleftwithoutsayingaword.
A．aboutB．withC．toD．at
②Hewassoangry________whatIhaddonethatheleftwithoutsayingaword.
A．onB．withC．toD．at
答案①B②D[beangrywith一般跟sb.；beangryat一般跟sth.。]
18．①Ifyoulikeartandenjoylookingatthepictures,________isaninterest.
A．whichB．thatC．asD．what
②Youlikeartandenjoylookingatthepictures,________isaninterest.
A．whichB．thatC．asD．what
答案①B②A[①：thatisaninterest是主句部分，that是指示代词“那”的意思。②：句中是非限制性定语从句，可排除B，此处没有“正如”的含义，所以不选C。]
19．①—Isthisthefirsttimethatyou________hereinBeijing?
—Yes.Ithinkit''stimethatI________totheGreatWall.
A．havebeen；amgoingB．havebeen；went
C．are；goD．are；willgo
②HewasgivingalecturethefirsttimeI________him.
A．meetB．met
C．havemetD．hadmet
答案①B②B[①：This/Itisthefristtimethat...结构中，that从句习惯上用现在完成时；It''stimethat...句型中，that从句用一般过去时或should＋动词原形。所以选B。②：thefirsttime引导时间状语从句，由于从句和主句的动作同时发生，所以选B。]
20．①Hewaspraised________whathehaddonefortheoldman.
A．thatB．since
C．becauseD．becauseof
②Hewaspraised________whathehaddonegreatlybenefitedthepeople.
A．thatB．since
C．becauseD．becauseof
答案①D②C[①：becauseof是介词，其后跟what引导的宾语从句。②：because是连词，其后跟从句。]
21．①—Whatmadehimstruggle________anartistsohard?
—Thathewasaman.
A．becomingB．became
C．tobecomeD．become
②—Whatmadeher________afamousartist?
—Workingveryhard.
A．becomingB．became
C．tobecomeD．become
答案①C②D[①：struggle跟todo不跟doing作宾语，故选C。②：使役动词make后的宾补可以是do但一般不用doing或todo，排除A、C，选D。]
22．①YesterdayIwenttobuyacomputer.Thereweresomanymodelsforus________intheshopthatIwasatalosswhichtobuy.
A．tobechosenB．tochoosefrom
C．tochooseD．forchoosing
②YesterdayIwenttobuyacomputer.ThereweresomanymodelsthatIdidn''tknowwhichone________.
A．tobechosenB．tochoosefrom
C．tochooseD．forchoosing
答案①B②C[choose是“选中”之意，而choosefrom是“从……中选择”的意思，根据语境，①选B，②选C。]
23．①Whathavewesaid________hersounhappy?
A．makesB．tomake
C．madeD．hadmade
②Whatwehavesaid________hersounhappy.
A．makesB．tomake
C．madeD．hadmade
答案①B②C[①是特殊疑问句，不定式作结果状语。②中的Whatwehavesaid是主语从句，此空需填谓语动词，故选C。由主语从句的havesaid可知，不选D。]
24．①Thepollutionisgettingworseandworse.Wemuststoppollution________longer.
A．livingB．fromliving
C．toliveD．live
②Thepollutionisgettingworseandworse.Firstofall,wemuststoptheair________.
A．pollutingB．beingpolluted
C．topollute D．pollute
答案①C②B[①：不定式表目的。句意：要想长寿，我们必须阻止污染。②：这是stop...(from)doing“阻止……做……”结构，由于空气是“被污染”的，所以排除A，故选B。]
25．①Inordernottobefound,I''llspendthenight________inmyroom.
A．lockingB．lockedC．tolockD．lock
②Inordertopasstheexam,I''llspendthenight________inmyroom.
A．studyingB．studied
C．tostudyD．study
答案①B②A[①：I与lock是被动关系，故选B，过去分词作伴随状语。句意：为了不被找到，我把自己整晚锁在房间里。②：考查spendsometime(in)doingsth.结构。]
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