PassageARelatedInformationUnitedKingdomEnglandLondonTheHouse
sofParliament(London)TheRhodesScholarshipMarshallScholars
hipsYaleUniversityTheMissionofOxfordUniversityTheHomepag
eofOxfordUniversityUnitedKingdomUnitedKingdomisaco
nstitutionalmonarchyinnorthwesternEurope,officiallytheUnit
edKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Englandisthe
largestandmostpopulousdivisionoftheislandofGreatBritai
n,makingupthesouthandeast.WalesisonthewestandScotlan
distothenorth.NorthernIrelandislocatedinthenortheastc
ornerofIreland,thesecondlargestislandintheBritishIsles.
ThecapitaloftheUnitedKingdomisthecityofLondon,situate
dnearthesoutheasterntipofEngland.EnglandEnglandisa
politicaldivisionoftheislandofGreatBritainandtheprinci
paldivisionoftheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthern
Ireland.ItoccupiesalloftheislandeastofWalesandsouthof
Scotland,otherdivisionsoftheislandofGreatBritain.Englan
dLondonLondonisthecapitaloftheUnitedKingdom.Itis
situatedinsoutheasternEnglandalongtheThamesRiver.Withap
opulationofabout7million,thisvastmetropolisisbyfarthe
largestcityinEurope,adistinctionithasmaintainedsincethe
17thcentury.TheHousesofParliamentTheHousesofPar
liamentbytheriverThamesinLondon.TherearetwoH
ousesintheParliament-theHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommo
ns,wheretheelectedmembersofParliamentmeet.The
words"Parliament"and"theHouseofCommons"indicatewhatits
functionwasinthepastandwhatitisstilltoday.It''saplace
fordebatesbetween,ontheonehand,thegovernment(usedtobe
theking)andontheotherhand,therepresentativesofthecomm
unities:thecommunes,thecommons,intowhichthecountrywasdi
vided.Theyusedtocometogethertohaveadialogue.Thekingwa
ntedtheirsupportandtheirtaxesandtheywantedthekingtofo
llowtheirpoliciesandtocorrectanylocalmistreatments.That''
swhatitwasinthepast,centuriesagoandthat''swhatitstill
istoday:aplacefordebates.TheRhodesScholarshipRhode
sscholarship(罗氏奖学金)isascholarshipforstudyatOxfordUniver
sity,asumofmoneyawardedannuallytostudentsfromtheUnited
States,SouthAfrica,andseveralCommonwealthcountriestohelp
payforstudiesintheUnitedKingdomatOxfordUniversityMarsh
allScholarshipsMarshallScholarshipsfinanceyoungAmeric
ansofhighabilitytostudyforadegreeintheUnitedKingdom.
UptofortyScholarsareselectedeachyeartostudyeitheratgr
aduateoroccasionallyundergraduatelevelatanUKinstitutioni
nanyfieldofstudy.TheschemeallowstheScholars,whoa
rethepotentialleaders,opinion-formersanddecision-makersin
theirowncountry,togainanunderstandingandappreciationofB
ritishvaluesandtheBritishwayoflife.Italsoestablisheslo
ng-lastingtiesbetweenthepeoplesofBritainandtheUnitedSta
tes.Eachscholarshipisheldfortwoyears.YaleUniversity
Privilegedin1701,YaleUniversityinNewHaven,Connecticut(康
涅狄格),isoneoftheoldestandmosthighlyacclaimeduniversities
intheUnitedStates.Ithasaresidentialcollegesystemmodele
dafterEngland''sCambridgeandOxforduniversities.Thetowering
HarknessHall,shownhere,housesa54-bellcarillon,oneofthe
largestintheworld.TheMissionofOxfordThemiss
ionofOxford:--achievingandmaintainingexcellenceinev
eryareaofitsteachingandresearch,--maintai
ninganddevelopingitshistoricalpositionasaworld-class
university,and--enrichingtheinternational,natio
nal,andregionalcommunitiesthroughthefruitsofits
researchandtheskillsofitsgraduates.TheHomepageofOxford
Paragraph1locateIcannotlocatetheshop.我找不到这家商店。Thenewb
uildingwillbelocatedinthecenteroftown.这座大楼将建在市中心。locati
onShedevotedallhertimetothelocationofthemissingmoney.
她花掉所有时间去寻找失款。Havetheydecidedonthelocationofthenewbuildi
ngyet?这座新建筑的位置你们定下来了吗？Paragraph2represent:standfororbea
signor symbolofconsistof:(nopassive)bemade
upofconsist:.由...组成,在于,一致Thebeautyoftheplanconsistsin
itssimplicity.这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。Theoryshouldconsistwithpracti
ce.理论应与实践相一致。consistent(inconsistent)Heisnotconsistentin
hisaction.他的行动前后不一致。Whatyousayisnotconsistentwithwhaty
oudo.你言行不一。plus4plus3equals7.四加三等于七。Thisworkrequires
intelligenceplusexperience.这项工作需要才智和经验。Allthechildrenherea
re10plus.这些孩子年龄都在10岁或者10岁以上。HermarkwasBplus.她的分数B+。min
us12minus7leaves5.十二减去七剩五。Thetemperaturewasminus20de
grees.温度是零下20度。getagradeofAminusinEnglish英语得到A-的成绩esta
blish:setupParagraph3corporate:团体的，共同的acorporatebody团体；
法人组织corporateresponsibility共同责任corporation（股份有限）公司business
,companyenterprise,firm,industry,plantdistinct1.（常与from,
in连用）不同的；分别的；独特的Keepthetwoideasdistinct.将这两个观念分开来。Thosetw
osuggestionsarequitedistinctfromeachother.这两个建议截然不同。2.清楚的
；明白的；清晰的；明显的Thereisadistinctimprovementinyourstudy.你的学习有显
著进步。indistinctdistinctive:特殊的；独特的；不一般的Alcoholhasaverydisti
nctivesmell;it''squitedistinctfromthesmellofwine."酒精有独特的气
味,它和葡萄酒的气味明显不同。"Shehadadistinctiveappearance.她的外貌与众不同。disti
nction:区别;特色;非凡,卓越Adistinctionshouldbemadebetweenthep
rimaryandsecondarycontradictions.要区分主要矛盾和次要矛盾。Hehasgreatdi
stinctionofmanner.他的举止非凡。elect:choose(somebody)byvoting
facility:aids,circumstances,whichmake iteasytodothings
Paragraph4assign:giveasashareorduty EachstudentatOxf
ordisassignedtoatutor,whosupervisesthestudent''sprogram
ofstudy,primarilythroughtutorials.(para.4)basisDon''teva
luateapersononthebasisofappearance.不要以相貌取人。Theychargecu
stomersonanhourlybasis.他们向顾客按钟点收费。providea...basisfor为.
..提供...根据Paragraph5grant1.准予，准许tograntsb.permissiontodo
sth.准许某人做某事2.承认tograntthetruthofwhatsb.says承认某人所说的是真
的3.补助金；助学金；赠款；津贴Thegovernmentgaveusagranttobuildanother
classroom.政府给了我们一笔补助，用来盖另外一间教室。takeitforgranted认为理所当然Parag
raph6enable:makeableParagraph7eligible:适任的；合格的(suitable,
qualified)beeligibleforaposition合格担当某职Areyoueligibletoj
ointhisclub?你有资格加入这俱乐部吗？Hisyoungerbrotherwillbecomeeligi
bletovoteonhisnextbirthday."到了下一个生日,他弟弟就有选举权了。"Iknowane
ligibleyoungladywhowouldbeanexcellentcooperatorforyou."
我认识一个合适的年青女士,她能成为你最称心如意的合作者。"apply:writetoaskfor(ajob,mem
bership, etc.)restricttorestrictoneselftotwocigarettes
aday限制每天吸两枝香烟Discussionatthemeetingisrestrictedtotheag
enda.这次会上的讨论只限于议程上的项目。berestrictedwithinnarrowlimits限于狭窄的范围内
berestrictedinone''smovements行动受约束berestrictedbytime[law]
受时间[法律]限制restrictionarestrictionagainstsmokinginschools禁止
在学校吸烟Therestrictionsontheuseoftheplaygroundare:nofighti
ng,nodamagingproperty.使用这场地的条件是:不准打架,不准损坏设施。Studentssho
uldcheckcarefullythattheyareeligibletoapplyforaparticu
larscholarshipbeforemakinganapplicationasmostoftheschem
esarerestrictedtocertainnationalitiesand/orprograms.(para
.7)Paragraph8Paragraph9aim1.（常与at连用）瞄准；对准Heaimedwitht
hegun.他用枪瞄准。Heaimed(thegun)attheenemyofficer.他用枪瞄准了敌军官。
2.以…为目标Iaimtobealawyer.我要当个律师。Thefactorymustaimatd
evelopingnewmodelsofmachines.该工厂必须致力于研制新型机械。3.(n.)Thehunt
ertookaimatwolf.猎手瞄准狼。Whatisyouraiminlife?你生活的目的是什么?
demonstrate:showclearlybygiving proof(s)orexample(s
)enterprise：企业;进取心，冒险精神undertake[takeon]anenterprise创办事业
manageanenterprise管理企业amanofenterprise有事业进取心的人aspiritof
enterprise进取精神award:颁奖；裁定Hewasawardedthegoldmedalforbei
ngthefastestrunner.他跑得最快,因而获得了金牌。Thejudgeawardedalargesu
mofmoneytothosehurtbythefire.法官判给在火灾中受伤的人一大笔钱。(n.)判决(书)
;奖(品/金)Paragraph10joint:(n.)接合处,接缝,接头；关节(v.)
共有的；共同的Ourarmsandlegsbendatthejoints—theelbowsandk
nees.我们的胳膊和腿在关节处，即胳膊肘和膝盖处弯曲。outofjoint脱臼jointefforts共同的努力
totakejointaction采取共同行动venture:(n./v.)冒险；敢于Iventureto
saythat....恕我冒昧地说...。Nobodyventuredtointerrupthim.没有人敢打断他的
话。Nothingventure,nothinghave.[谚]不入虎穴,焉得虎仔。readyforanyven
ture不辞任何危险ventureat[on,upon]胆敢从事;毫无把握地贸然尝试alliance:结盟,联盟
Thetwocountriesenteredinto/madeanalliance.两国结盟。ally:(
n.)盟国;(v.)联合；结盟FranceandEnglandwerealliesinthewar.法国和英
国在这次战争中是同盟国。EnglandalliedwithFrance.英国和法国结成同盟。(bealliedto
)Paragraph11enrich:makerich,improve(inquality, flav
or,etc.)Paragraph12atlarge:asawhole Insupportofthis
aimtheuniversitywillprovidethefacilitiesandsupportforit
sstafftopursueinnovativeresearchbyrespondingtodevelopmen
tsintheintellectualenvironmentandsocietyatlarge.(para.1
2)benefit(n.)ItissaidYogoisofgreatbenefittohumanhe
alth.据说瑜咖功对人体健康有极大好处。Ididitforhisbenefit.我做这个是为了帮助他。bene
fit(v.)facilitate:使容易；使便利Itwouldfacilitatemattersifyouwe
remoreco-operative要是你再合作些，事情就会变得更容易。Thebrokenlockfacilitat
edmyentranceintotheemptyhouse.坏了的门锁使我毫不费力地进入那所空房子。Thenew
undergroundrailwaywillfacilitatethejourneytoallpartsof
thecity.新的地下铁路将为去城市各处提供方便。facilitationfacilitatorexploit1.开发
；开拓toexploittheoilunderthesea开发海底石油exploiteveryopportu
nity利用每一个机会2.利用；剥削(takeadvantageof)toexploitthepoor剥削穷人
theexploitingclass剥削阶级theexploitedclass被剥削阶级3.(n.)功绩，业绩T
heirheroicexploitswillgodowninhistory.他们的英雄业绩将被载入史册。explo
iter剥削者,开拓者,开发者SummaryoftheTextOxfordisoneofthew
orld''smostfamousuniversities.Itbeganinthe1100''s.In1999-
2000ithadover16,300studentsin35collegesand5privatehal
ls.Eachcollegehasitsownbuildings,teachers,andstudents.B
uttheuniversitygrantsthedegrees,notthecolleges.Oxfordha
sstudentsfromover130countries.RhodesandMarshallScholarsh
ipsareamongthewaysforeignstudentsmayattendOxford.Summa
ryoftheTextCompetitionforadmissionandfinancialaidis
intense,butstudentsofallbackgroundsarestronglyencouraged
toapply.RecentlyOxfordhaswonanationalinnovationawardand
formedaninternationaldistanceeducationpartnershipwithStan
fordandYale.Oxfordisaleaderinresearch,whilealsopromoti
nggoodteachingwithindividualtutorialsandsmallgroupintera
ctions.UnderstandingtheText1. Howmanyinternationalstudent
sarestudyingatOxford?UnderstandingtheText2. Howar
ecollegesatOxfordgoverned?UnderstandingtheText3. Whatdo
esatutordo?UnderstandingtheText4. Aregoodstudentsoften
grantedascholarship?UnderstandingtheText5.Whydid
thestudentsandstaffvisitmorethan3,700schoolsandc
ollegesin2001?UnderstandingtheText6. HowisOxfordcooperat
ingwithStanfordandYale?UnderstandingtheText7. Wouldyou
liketostudyatOxfordUniversityif
youhaveanopportunity?Listasmanyreasonsasyoucan
thinkof.ReadandTranslate1、任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票（vote）。（beeligible
to）Anyoneovertheageof18iseligibletovote.2、每学期开学前，这
些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一位学生。（applyfor,scholarship）Aformtoapplyf
orthesescholarshipsissentbytheuniversitytoeachstudentb
eforethestartofeachsemester.3、遵造医生的建议，我决定戒烟。（ontheadvice
of）Ontheadviceofmydoctor,Idecidedtogiveupsmoking.4、
公园位于县城的正中央。（belocatedin）Theparkislocatedrightinthecent
erofthetown.5、这所大学提供了我们所需的一切材料和设备。（facilities）Theuniversit
yprovidesallthematerialsandfacilitieswedesire.Notnecess
arily.Becausemostofthescholarshipsarerestrictedtocertain
nationalitiesand/orcourses.Theyvisitedthoseschoolsinor
dertoencouragethebrightestandbeststudentstoapplytoOxfo
rd.Theyarecooperatingonajoint''distancelearning''venture.
Open.Thistrainenablesmetogetthereintime.Thiswoulden
ablethemtodoubletheiroutputofmachineguns.Hehasappl
iedforapostinEngland.Iappliedtofouruniversitiesandw
asacceptedbyallofthem.Studentsshouldmakesurethatth
eyarequalifiedforapplyingforaparticularscholarshipbecaus
emostoftheplanswillonlyacceptapplicantsfromsomespecifi
ednationsand/ormajors.学生们在申请某一项奖学金之前应仔细核查是否有资格，因为多数奖学金对学生国籍和（
或）课程都有限制。Thesalesmandemonstratedthenewwashing-machinet
othecustomers.Thesefiguresclearlydemonstratethesizeof
theeconomicproblemfacingthecountry.Aneducationenriche
sthemind.AmericanculturehasbeenenrichedbyEuropeani
mmigrants.Thepeopleatlargewantedpeace.Thecountryatlar
geishopingforgreatchanges.Tohelpmeetthisgoaltheun
iversitywillgivefinancialandtechnicalsupporttoitsteacher
sintheiradvancedscientificresearchfordevelopingtheacadem
icenvironmentandthesocietyasawhole.为了实现这个目标，学校将针对智力环境和整个社
会发展的需要，为员工提供进行创新研究所需的设施和支持.Exercisebenefitsourhealth.运动有益于我们的
健康。Webenefitby[from]dailyexercises.每天做操对我们有益。beneficiala
dvantageous,favorable,helpful,profitable,usefulAbout4,000
internationalstudentsarestudyingatOxford.CollegesatOxford
aregovernedbytheirownheadsandfellows.Atutorsupervises
thestudents''courseofstudyandmeetswiththemeveryweek.h
ttp://encarta.msn.com/find/Concise.asp?z=1&pg=2&ti=761553483Clic
ktheflagtolistentotheAnthemoftheU.K.“TheGodSavethe
Queen”.http://encarta.msn.com/find/Concise.asp?z=1&pg=2&ti=76157
2205LandsEnd,CornwallClickthepicturetopl
aythevideoclip.http://encarta.msn.com/find/Conci
se.asp?z=1&pg=2&ti=761574117ThamesRiver,LondonBigBen,London
Clickthepicturetoplaythevideoclip.http://dictionary.ms
n.com/find/entry.asp?refid=1861739731http://www.marshallscholarship.org/index.htmlhttp://encarta.msn.com/find/MediaMax.asp?pg=3&ti=761568610&idx=461568285http://www.ox.ac.uk/Theforeignministerrepresentedthecountryattheconference.Eachdotonmymaprepresentsatown.TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Thatarea''sfutureweatherpatternmightconsistoflong,dryperiods.Fatherestablishedthisbusinessfortyyearsago.Publicschoolsforgirlswereestablishedinsomeplaces.Theyelectedhimtorepresentthem.Wemusturgethatdelegatesbeelectedfromthevariousfactoriesinadistrict.Oneofthefacilitiesourstudentshaveisalargelibrary.Thiskitchenhasagarbagedisposalandothermodernfacilities.Theyassignedmeasmallroom.Twopupilswereassignedtosweepthefloor.EachOxfordstudenthasaprivatesupervisorwhoadvicesandinstructsthestudentinaone-to-onebasis.在牛津，每个学生都配有一个导师，主要通过导师制监督学生的学习。 |
|
