附文 委托代码生成器附文 委托代码生成器 刘强 2004年4月2日
为了解决在定制委托时的不灵活性,我特意编写了这个小工具,它能够方便地将委托声明转化为如上面所述的代码。下面是其基本用法。 在你的某个头文件中,如test.h,以__delegate 关键字声明一个委托: __delegate void WinHandler ( HWND hwnd ,UINT message ,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam); 然后转到命令行模式,进入test.h的目录,键如如下命令: delegate.exe test.h /out test.hxx 它将生成test.hxx文件。你可以向你的源程序中包含这个文件,以使用你所定义的委托。如,可以是这样:#include “test.hxx” 你可以在一个文件里定义多个委托,也可以在多个文件里定义多个委托.但是你只能指定一个的输出文件.如果你没有用/out 选项指定输出文件,则默认输出为delegate.h。如: delegate.exe test.h test1.h test2.h /out test.hxx 使用/help选项得到帮助信息,使用/version选项得到版本信息. 在由委托生成的代码当中,Add/RemoveFunction接受的参数类型默认为'void *',这样不利于编译器为我们做函数匹配检查./ptm选项强制参数类型为我们定义的委托类型. 使用 delegate.exe /help可以查到详细信息:
Delegate generator version 1.1.0 Copyright Cambest(Tcliuqiang,Liuqiang,Lewis Liu). 2004--3--31, All rights reserved. /out </o>[output file] Specify the output file. /ptm Force the Add/RemoveFunction parameter type match. Default is 'void *'. /keyword Specify the keyword. Default is '__delegate'. /include Remove delegate declaration from source file,and include the generated file to your source file. /help </h /?> Print this messages. /version </v> Print version of delegate.exe Please feedback bugs to Cambest@sohu.com
下面是具体的示例: [示例1] //test.h: #include <string> #include <list> using namespace std; enum STATUS { FINDING, FOUND, PROCESS }; __delegate void HandleWnd(HWND hwnd,DWORD lParam,WROD wParam,UINT type); enum TYPE { NORMAL, SEPARATOR }; __delegate void WINAPI CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hwnd,DWORD lParam); bool IsSeparator(char ch); void Process(string t); void Parse(istream in,ostream out);
//test1.h: #define WINAPI 0
/*下面是委托定义*/ __delegate void WinHandler ( HWND hwnd ,UINT message ,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam); /*不要在定义之中注释*/
下面是由delegate.exe test.h test1.h /out test.hxx生成的代码: //test.hxx #include <list>
using namespace std;
/* Generated by delegate.exe. Please don't modify this file. If you encountered any problems,please feedback to cambest@sohu.com. */
typedef unsigned int __NativePtr;
typedef void (* __Handle_WinHandler)(HWND hwnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam);
class WinHandler { private:
list<__NativePtr> ftns;
public:
void AddFunction(void *) { __NativePtr np=(__NativePtr)ftn; ftns.push_back(np); }
void RemoveFunction(void *ftn) { __NativePtr np=(__NativePtr)ftn; ftns.remove(np); }
void operator += (void *ftn) { this->AddFunction(ftn); }
void operator -= (void *ftn) { this->RemoveFunction(ftn); }
int Invoke(HWND hwnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam) { __Handle_WinHandler handle; list<__NativePtr>::iterator itr=ftns.begin(); try { for(;itr!=ftns.end();itr++) { handle=(__Handle_WinHandler)*itr; handle(hwnd,message,wParam,lParam); } } catch(int *_e) { return 0; } return 1; }
int operator() (HWND hwnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam) { return Invoke(hwnd,message,wParam,lParam); } };
/* Generated by delegate.exe. Please don't modify this file. If you encountered any problems,please feedback to cambest@sohu.com. */
typedef void (* __Handle_HandleWnd)(HWND hwnd,DWORD lParam,WROD wParam,UINT type);
class HandleWnd { private:
list<__NativePtr> ftns;
public:
void AddFunction(void *) { __NativePtr np=(__NativePtr)ftn; ftns.push_back(np); }
void RemoveFunction(void *ftn) { __NativePtr np=(__NativePtr)ftn; ftns.remove(np); }
void operator += (void *ftn) { this->AddFunction(ftn); }
void operator -= (void *ftn) { this->RemoveFunction(ftn); }
int Invoke(HWND hwnd,DWORD lParam,WROD wParam,UINT type) { __Handle_HandleWnd handle; list<__NativePtr>::iterator itr=ftns.begin(); try { for(;itr!=ftns.end();itr++) { handle=(__Handle_HandleWnd)*itr; handle(hwnd,lParam,wParam,type); } } catch(int *_e) { return 0; } return 1; }
int operator() (HWND hwnd,DWORD lParam,WROD wParam,UINT type) { return Invoke(hwnd,lParam,wParam,type); } };
/* Generated by delegate.exe. Please don't modify this file. If you encountered any problems,please feedback to cambest@sohu.com. */
typedef void WINAPI CALLBACK (* __Handle_WinProc)(HWND hwnd,DWORD lParam);
class WinProc { private:
list<__NativePtr> ftns;
public:
void AddFunction(void *) { __NativePtr np=(__NativePtr)ftn; ftns.push_back(np); }
void RemoveFunction(void *ftn) { __NativePtr np=(__NativePtr)ftn; ftns.remove(np); }
void operator += (void *ftn) { this->AddFunction(ftn); }
void operator -= (void *ftn) { this->RemoveFunction(ftn); }
int Invoke(HWND hwnd,DWORD lParam) { __Handle_WinProc handle; list<__NativePtr>::iterator itr=ftns.begin(); try { for(;itr!=ftns.end();itr++) { handle=(__Handle_WinProc)*itr; handle(hwnd,lParam); } } catch(int *_e) { return 0; } return 1; }
int operator() (HWND hwnd,DWORD lParam) { return Invoke(hwnd,lParam); } };
注意:最新的Visual C++ .Net 版本已经支持同名关键字 __delegate,这是微软公司为了将Visual C++向.net移植而添加的新关键字,只有 Visual C++ .Net 支持,其他如Visual C++ 6.0、Borland C++ Builder 、GNU C++ 等都不支持。但两个完全没有联系.幸运的是,delegate小工具支持/keyword 选项,它可以指定你自己定义的关键字,如__delegate__。这样,delegate工具可以在你的源代码中查找以__delegate__开头的委托定义,而不是默认的__delegate。 另外一点就是/include选项可以将你的源代码中的委托声明删除,并相应的在其中添加包含输出文件的语句。如,test1.h有这样的声明: __delegate__ void WinProcHandler(HWND hwnd, LPARAM lParam,WPARA wParam); 执行命令 delegate test1.h /ptm /include /out ptxx.h 则test1.h中的这条语句被置换成: #include “ptxx.h” 这样做有可以使你做最少的维护.
[示例2] //hello.cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std;
__delegate void SHO(char * s);
void Print(char *str) { cout<<"It is in Print :"<<str<<endl; } void Good(char *str) { cout<<"It is in Good ,say good to you ::"<<str<<endl;
} void main() { SHO s; s+=Print; s+=Good;
s("I am the best!"); } //生成委托代码:delegate.exe Hello.cpp /fpm /include /out SHO.h #include <iostream> using namespace std;
#include "SHO.h"
void Print(char *str) { cout<<"It is in Print :"<<str<<endl; } void Good(char *str) { cout<<"It is in Good ,say good to you ::"<<str<<endl; } void main() { SHO s; s+=Print; s+=Good; s("I am the best!"); s-=Print; s(“jjj kkk lll ttt”); } 编译:(这里使用Microsoft C++编译器) cl Hello.cpp /EHsc 由于delegate生成的代码包含异常处理,所以在编译hello.cpp时你需要指定/EHsc选项,否则会给出警告信息,但不妨碍编译成功. 输出: It is in Print :I am the best! It is in Good ,say good to you ::I am the best! It is in Good ,say good to you ::jjj kkk lll ttt 你可以打开SHO.H文件看看里面是怎样定义的. 由于只是测试版本,这个小工具的功能还不是很强。比如,你不能在委托声明语句中间有注释,而只能在声明前或声明之后添加注释。另外由于时间关系,我在处理委托返回值没有做到很好的处理。我希望这个问题很快会解决。有什么意见和建议,请将之反馈到我的邮箱:cambest@sohu.com.
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