Spring.NET学习笔记15——AOP的配置(基础篇) Level 200上篇我学习了Spring.NET的四种通知类型,AOP的实现方案比较复杂,是通过代码实现的。而Spring.NET框架给我们提供了配置的方式来实现AOP的功能。到目前为止,我们已经讨论过使用ProxyFactoryObject或其它类似的工厂对象显式创建AOP代理的方法。如果应用程序需要创建很多AOP代理,比如当需要代理某个服务层的所有对象时,这种方法就会使配置文件变的相当庞大。为简化配置过程,Spring.NET提供了“自动代理”的功能,可以根据条件自动创建代理对象,也就是说,可以将多个对象分组以作为要代理的候选对象。自动代理使用起来比较简单和方便。我仔细分析了一下,提供的几种配置差异主要在于切入点的方式不同。目前我实现了三种切入点的配置方式。 首先我们先来看一下准备环境。 public class AroundAdvice : IMethodInterceptor { public object Invoke(IMethodInvocation invocation) { Console.WriteLine("开始: " + invocation.TargetType.Name + "." + invocation.Method.Name); object result = invocation.Proceed(); Console.WriteLine("结束: " + invocation.TargetType.Name + "." + invocation.Method.Name); return result; } }
public interface IService { IList FindAll(); void Save(object entity); } public class CategoryService : IService { public IList FindAll() { return new ArrayList(); } public void Save(object entity) { Console.WriteLine("保存:" + entity); } } public class ProductService : IService { public IList FindAll() { return new ArrayList(); } public void Save(object entity) { Console.WriteLine("保存:" + entity); } }
一、对象名称切入点:ObjectNameAutoProxyCreator ObjectNameAutoProxyCreator可以用特定的文本值或通配符匹配目标对象的名称,并为满足条件的目标对象创建AOP代理。该类支持模式匹配字符串,如:"*name","name*",”*name*“和精确文本如"name"。我们可以通过下面这个简单的例子了解一下自动代理的功能。
<object id="ProxyCreator" type="Spring.Aop.Framework.AutoProxy.ObjectNameAutoProxyCreator, Spring.Aop"> <property name="ObjectNames"> <list> <value>*Service</value> </list> </property> <property name="InterceptorNames"> <list> <value>aroundAdvice</value> </list> </property> </object> <object id="aroundAdvice" type="Common.AroundAdvice, Common"/> <object id="categoryService" type="Service.ProductService, Service"/> <object id="productService" type="Service.ProductService, Service"/>
class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { IApplicationContext ctx = ContextRegistry.GetContext(); IDictionary speakerDictionary = ctx.GetObjectsOfType(typeof(IService)); foreach (DictionaryEntry entry in speakerDictionary) { string name = (string)entry.Key; IService service = (IService)entry.Value; Console.WriteLine(name + " 拦截: "); service.FindAll(); Console.WriteLine(); service.Save("数据"); Console.WriteLine(); } Console.ReadLine(); } }
输出效果:图1
使用ObjectNameAutoProxyCreator经常需要对要拦截的方法进行筛选,这时我用到Spring.Aop.Support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor,稍微修改一下配置: <object id="ProxyCreator" type="Spring.Aop.Framework.AutoProxy.ObjectNameAutoProxyCreator, Spring.Aop"> <property name="ObjectNames"> <list> <value>*Service</value> </list> </property> <property name="InterceptorNames"> <list> <value>aroundAdvisor</value> </list> </property> </object> <object id="aroundAdvisor" type="Spring.Aop.Support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor, Spring.Aop"> <property name="Advice" ref="aroundAdvice"/> <property name="MappedNames"> <list> <value>Find*</value> </list> </property> </object> <object id="aroundAdvice" type="Common.AroundAdvice, Common"/>
MappedNames的配置为:Find*,因此能够拦截到FindAll方法。 先来说RegularExpressionMethodPointcutAdvisor。 <object id="aroundAdvisor" type="Spring.Aop.Support.RegularExpressionMethodPointcutAdvisor, Spring.Aop"> <property name="advice" ref="aroundAdvice"/> <property name="patterns"> <list> <value>.*Find*.*</value> </list> </property> </object> <!--必须让Spring.NET容器管理DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator类--> <object id="ProxyCreator" type="Spring.Aop.Framework.AutoProxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator, Spring.Aop"/> <object id="aroundAdvice" type="Common.AroundAdvice, Common"/> <object id="categoryService" type="Service.ProductService, Service"/> <object id="productService" type="Service.ProductService, Service"/>
输出效果:图3 以上配置相对复杂一点。使用SdkRegularExpressionMethodPointcut的配置就相对简单的多,而项目中SdkRegularExpressionMethodPointcut也经常用到。 <object id="advisor" type="Spring.Aop.Support.SdkRegularExpressionMethodPointcut, Spring.Aop"> <property name="pattern" value="Service.*"/> </object> <aop:config> <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="advisor" advice-ref="aroundAdvice"/> </aop:config> <object id="aroundAdvice" type="Common.AroundAdvice, Common"/> <object id="categoryService" type="Service.ProductService, Service"/> <object id="productService" type="Service.ProductService, Service"/>
输出效果:图4 图4
pattern属性为拦截表达式。Service.*的意思是,拦截Service命名空间下(包括子空间)的所有类。如果改为Service.*.Find*",意思为拦截Service命名空间下(包括子空间)的所有类以Find开头的方法或Service命名空间下以Find开头的所有类 图5
三、属性切入点:AttributeMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor public class ConsoleDebugAttribute : Attribute { } public class AttributeService : IService { [ConsoleDebug] public IList FindAll() { return new ArrayList(); } public void Save(object entity) { Console.WriteLine("保存:" + entity); } }
<object id="aroundAdvisor" type="Spring.Aop.Support.AttributeMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor, Spring.Aop"> <property name="Advice" ref="aroundAdvice"/> <property name="Attribute" value="ConfigAttribute.Attributes.ConsoleDebugAttribute, ConfigAttribute" /> </object> <object id="proxyFactoryObject" type="Spring.Aop.Framework.ProxyFactoryObject"> <property name="Target"> <object type="ConfigAttribute.Service.AttributeService, ConfigAttribute" /> </property> <property name="InterceptorNames"> <list> <value>aroundAdvisor</value> </list> </property> </object> <object id="aroundAdvice" type="Common.AroundAdvice, Common"/>
输出效果:图6
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