sqlserver中,如何把一列中的多行数据在一行显示 [问题点数:20分,结帖人summonyyq] 收藏 - summonyyq
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| 楼主发表于: 2008-12-25 16:04:27 如题,例如: 表 test date matter 2008/12/15 吃饭 2008/12/15 上班 2008/12/15 睡觉 2008/12/16 休息 2008/12/16 逛街
如何让她最终显示: date matter 2008/12/15 吃饭-上班-睡觉 2008/12/16 休息-逛街
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| #1 得分:5回复于: 2008-12-25 16:06:00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 | SQL code问题描述:
无论是在sql 2000,还是在 sql 2005 中,都没有提供字符串的聚合函数,
所以,当我们在处理下列要求时,会比较麻烦:
有表tb, 如下:
id value
1 aa
1 bb
2 aaa
2 bbb
2 ccc
需要得到结果:
id values
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
即, group by id, 求 value 的和(字符串相加)<br>
1. 旧的解决方法<br>
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int )
RETURNS varchar (8000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @r varchar (8000)
SET @r = ''
SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value
FROM tb
WHERE id=@id
RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '' )
END
GO
SELECt id, values =dbo.f_str(id)
FROM tb
GROUP BY id<br>
DECLARE @t TABLE (id int , value varchar (10))
INSERT @t SELECT 1, 'aa'
UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'bb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'aaa'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'bbb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'ccc' <br>
SELECT *
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT
id
FROM @t
)A
OUTER APPLY(
SELECT
[ values ]= STUFF( REPLACE ( REPLACE (
(
SELECT value FROM @t N
WHERE id = A.id
FOR XML AUTO
), '<N value="' , ',' ), '"/>' , '' ), 1, 1, '' )
)N<br>
/*
id values
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(2 行受影响)
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar (10),col2 int )
INSERT tb SELECT 'a' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,3<br>
DECLARE @t TABLE (col1 varchar (10),col2 varchar (100))<br>
DECLARE tb CURSOR LOCAL
FOR
SELECT col1,col2 FROM tb ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1_old varchar (10),@col1 varchar (10),@col2 int ,@s varchar (100)
OPEN tb
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
SELECT @col1_old=@col1,@s= ''
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
IF @col1=@col1_old
SELECT @s=@s+ ',' + CAST (@col2 as varchar )
ELSE
BEGIN
INSERT @t VALUES (@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1, '' ))
SELECT @s= ',' + CAST (@col2 as varchar ),@col1_old=@col1
END
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
END
INSERT @t VALUES (@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1, '' ))
CLOSE tb
DEALLOCATE tb
SELECT * FROM @t
DROP TABLE tb
/*
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
GO<br><br>
/*==============================================*/<br><br>
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar (10),col2 int )
INSERT tb SELECT 'a' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,3
GO<br>
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@col1 varchar (10))
RETURNS varchar (100)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @re varchar (100)
SET @re= ''
SELECT @re=@re+ ',' + CAST (col2 as varchar )
FROM tb
WHERE col1=@col1
RETURN (STUFF(@re,1,1, '' ))
END
GO<br>
SELECT col1,col2=dbo.f_str(col1) FROM tb GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
DROP FUNCTION f_str
/*
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
GO<br>
/*==============================================*/<br><br>
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar (10),col2 int )
INSERT tb SELECT 'a' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,3<br>
SELECT col1,col2= CAST (col2 as varchar (100))
INTO #t FROM tb
ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1 varchar (10),@col2 varchar (100)
UPDATE #t SET
@col2= CASE WHEN @col1=col1 THEN @col2+ ',' +col2 ELSE col2 END ,
@col1=col1,
col2=@col2
SELECT * FROM #t
/*
col1 col2
a 1
a 1,2
b 1
b 1,2
b 1,2,3
SELECT col1,col2= MAX (col2) FROM #t GROUP BY col1
/*
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
DROP TABLE tb,#t
GO<br><br>
/*==============================================*/<br>
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar (10),col2 int )
INSERT tb SELECT 'a' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'c' ,3<br>
SELECT col1,
col2= CAST ( MIN (col2) as varchar )
+ CASE
WHEN COUNT (*)=1 THEN ''
ELSE ',' + CAST ( MAX (col2) as varchar )
END
FROM tb
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2
c 3
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar (10),col2 int )
INSERT tb SELECT 'a' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,3
UNION ALL SELECT 'c' ,3<br>
SELECT col1,
col2= CAST ( MIN (col2) as varchar )
+ CASE
WHEN COUNT (*)=3 THEN ','
+ CAST (( SELECT col2 FROM tb WHERE col1=a.col1 AND col2 NOT IN ( MAX (a.col2), MIN (a.col2))) as varchar )
ELSE ''
END
+ CASE
WHEN COUNT (*)>=2 THEN ',' + CAST ( MAX (col2) as varchar )
ELSE ''
END
FROM tb a
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
c 3
GO
if not object_id( 'A' ) is null
drop table A
Go
Create table A([id] int ,[cname] nvarchar(2))
Insert A
select 1,N '张三' union all
select 2,N '李四' union all
select 3,N '王五' union all
select 4,N '蔡六'
Go
if not object_id( 'B' ) is null
drop table B
Go
Create table B([id] int ,[cname] nvarchar(5))
Insert B
select 1,N '1,2,3' union all
select 2,N '3,4'
Go
create function F_str(@cname nvarchar(100))
returns nvarchar(100)
as
begin
select @cname= replace (@cname,ID,[cname]) from A where patindex( '%,' +rtrim(ID)+ ',%' , ',' +@cname+ ',' )>0
return @cname
end
go
select [id],dbo.F_str([cname])[cname] from B<br>
id cname
1 张三,李四,王五
2 王五,蔡六<br>
(2 個資料列受到影響)
|
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| #2 得分:0回复于: 2008-12-25 16:06:23 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 | /*
标题:按某字段合并字符串之一(简单合并)
作者:爱新觉罗.毓华(十八年风雨,守得冰山雪莲花开)
时间:2008-11-06
地点:广东深圳<br>
描述:将如下形式的数据按id字段合并value字段。
id value
1 aa
1 bb
2 aaa
2 bbb
2 ccc
需要得到结果:
id value
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
即: group by id, 求 value 的和(字符串相加)
*/
create table tb(id int , value varchar (10))
insert into tb values (1, 'aa' )
insert into tb values (1, 'bb' )
insert into tb values (2, 'aaa' )
insert into tb values (2, 'bbb' )
insert into tb values (2, 'ccc' )
go<br>
create function dbo.f_str(@id int ) returns varchar (100)
as
begin
declare @str varchar (1000)
set @str = ''
select @str = @str + ',' + cast (value as varchar ) from tb where id = @id
set @str = right (@str , len(@str) - 1)
return @str
end
go<br>
select id , value = dbo.f_str(id) from tb group by id<br>
drop function dbo.f_str
drop table tb<br><br>
create table tb(id int , value varchar (10))
insert into tb values (1, 'aa' )
insert into tb values (1, 'bb' )
insert into tb values (2, 'aaa' )
insert into tb values (2, 'bbb' )
insert into tb values (2, 'ccc' )
go<br>
select id, [value] = stuff(( select ',' + [value] from tb t where id = tb.id for xml path( '' )) , 1 , 1 , '' )
from tb
group by id<br>
drop table tb<br><br>
create table tb(id int , value varchar (10))
insert into tb values (1, 'aa' )
insert into tb values (1, 'bb' )
insert into tb values (2, 'aaa' )
insert into tb values (2, 'bbb' )
insert into tb values (2, 'ccc' )
go
declare @t table (id int ,value varchar (100))
declare my_cursor cursor local for
select id , value from tb
declare @id_old int , @id int , @value varchar (10) , @s varchar (100)
open my_cursor
fetch my_cursor into @id , @value
select @id_old = @id , @s= ''
while @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
begin
if @id = @id_old
select @s = @s + ',' + cast (@value as varchar )
else
begin
insert @t values (@id_old , stuff(@s,1,1, '' ))
select @s = ',' + cast (@value as varchar ) , @id_old = @id
end
fetch my_cursor into @id , @value
END
insert @t values (@id_old , stuff(@s,1,1, '' ))
close my_cursor
deallocate my_cursor<br>
select * from @t
drop table tb<br>
|
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| #3 得分:5回复于: 2008-12-25 16:06:30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 | SQL code问题描述:
无论是在sql 2000,还是在 sql 2005 中,都没有提供字符串的聚合函数,
所以,当我们在处理下列要求时,会比较麻烦:
有表tb, 如下:
id value
1 aa
1 bb
2 aaa
2 bbb
2 ccc
需要得到结果:
id values
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
即, group by id, 求 value 的和(字符串相加)<br>
1. 旧的解决方法<br>
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int )
RETURNS varchar (8000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @r varchar (8000)
SET @r = ''
SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value
FROM tb
WHERE id=@id
RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '' )
END
GO
SELECt id, values =dbo.f_str(id)
FROM tb
GROUP BY id<br>
DECLARE @t TABLE (id int , value varchar (10))
INSERT @t SELECT 1, 'aa'
UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'bb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'aaa'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'bbb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'ccc' <br>
SELECT *
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT
id
FROM @t
)A
OUTER APPLY(
SELECT
[ values ]= STUFF( REPLACE ( REPLACE (
(
SELECT value FROM @t N
WHERE id = A.id
FOR XML AUTO
), '<N value="' , ',' ), '"/>' , '' ), 1, 1, '' )
)N<br>
/*
id values
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(2 行受影响)
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar (10),col2 int )
INSERT tb SELECT 'a' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,3<br>
DECLARE @t TABLE (col1 varchar (10),col2 varchar (100))<br>
DECLARE tb CURSOR LOCAL
FOR
SELECT col1,col2 FROM tb ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1_old varchar (10),@col1 varchar (10),@col2 int ,@s varchar (100)
OPEN tb
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
SELECT @col1_old=@col1,@s= ''
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
IF @col1=@col1_old
SELECT @s=@s+ ',' + CAST (@col2 as varchar )
ELSE
BEGIN
INSERT @t VALUES (@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1, '' ))
SELECT @s= ',' + CAST (@col2 as varchar ),@col1_old=@col1
END
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
END
INSERT @t VALUES (@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1, '' ))
CLOSE tb
DEALLOCATE tb
SELECT * FROM @t
DROP TABLE tb
/*
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
GO<br><br>
/*==============================================*/<br><br>
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar (10),col2 int )
INSERT tb SELECT 'a' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,3
GO<br>
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@col1 varchar (10))
RETURNS varchar (100)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @re varchar (100)
SET @re= ''
SELECT @re=@re+ ',' + CAST (col2 as varchar )
FROM tb
WHERE col1=@col1
RETURN (STUFF(@re,1,1, '' ))
END
GO<br>
SELECT col1,col2=dbo.f_str(col1) FROM tb GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
DROP FUNCTION f_str
/*
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
GO<br>
/*==============================================*/<br><br>
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar (10),col2 int )
INSERT tb SELECT 'a' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,3<br>
SELECT col1,col2= CAST (col2 as varchar (100))
INTO #t FROM tb
ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1 varchar (10),@col2 varchar (100)
UPDATE #t SET
@col2= CASE WHEN @col1=col1 THEN @col2+ ',' +col2 ELSE col2 END ,
@col1=col1,
col2=@col2
SELECT * FROM #t
/*
col1 col2
a 1
a 1,2
b 1
b 1,2
b 1,2,3
SELECT col1,col2= MAX (col2) FROM #t GROUP BY col1
/*
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
DROP TABLE tb,#t
GO<br><br>
/*==============================================*/<br>
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar (10),col2 int )
INSERT tb SELECT 'a' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'c' ,3<br>
SELECT col1,
col2= CAST ( MIN (col2) as varchar )
+ CASE
WHEN COUNT (*)=1 THEN ''
ELSE ',' + CAST ( MAX (col2) as varchar )
END
FROM tb
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2
c 3
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar (10),col2 int )
INSERT tb SELECT 'a' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b' ,3
UNION ALL SELECT 'c' ,3<br>
SELECT col1,
col2= CAST ( MIN (col2) as varchar )
+ CASE
WHEN COUNT (*)=3 THEN ','
+ CAST (( SELECT col2 FROM tb WHERE col1=a.col1 AND col2 NOT IN ( MAX (a.col2), MIN (a.col2))) as varchar )
ELSE ''
END
+ CASE
WHEN COUNT (*)>=2 THEN ',' + CAST ( MAX (col2) as varchar )
ELSE ''
END
FROM tb a
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
c 3
GO
if not object_id( 'A' ) is null
drop table A
Go
Create table A([id] int ,[cname] nvarchar(2))
Insert A
select 1,N '张三' union all
select 2,N '李四' union all
select 3,N '王五' union all
select 4,N '蔡六'
Go
if not object_id( 'B' ) is null
drop table B
Go
Create table B([id] int ,[cname] nvarchar(5))
Insert B
select 1,N '1,2,3' union all
select 2,N '3,4'
Go
create function F_str(@cname nvarchar(100))
returns nvarchar(100)
as
begin
select @cname= replace (@cname,ID,[cname]) from A where patindex( '%,' +rtrim(ID)+ ',%' , ',' +@cname+ ',' )>0
return @cname
end
go
select [id],dbo.F_str([cname])[cname] from B<br>
id cname
1 张三,李四,王五
2 王五,蔡六<br>
(2 個資料列受到影響)
|
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| #4 得分:5回复于: 2008-12-25 16:08:38 --2000中用函数完成,2005中用2楼的方法. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 | create table tb( date datetime, matter varchar (10))
insert into tb values ( '2008/12/15' , '吃饭' )
insert into tb values ( '2008/12/15' , '上班' )
insert into tb values ( '2008/12/15' , '睡觉' )
insert into tb values ( '2008/12/16' , '休息' )
insert into tb values ( '2008/12/16' , '逛街' )
go<br>
create function dbo.f_str(@ date datetime) returns varchar (100)
as
begin
declare @str varchar (1000)
set @str = ''
select @str = @str + '-' + cast (matter as varchar ) from tb where date = @ date
set @str = right (@str , len(@str) - 1)
return @str
end
go<br>
select date , matter = dbo.f_str( date ) from tb group by date <br>
drop function dbo.f_str
drop table tb<br>
/*
date matter
2008-12-15 00:00:00.000 吃饭-上班-睡觉
2008-12-16 00:00:00.000 休息-逛街<br>
(所影响的行数为 2 行)<br>
*/
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| #5 得分:5回复于: 2008-12-25 16:10:56 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 | CREATE TABLE TB( date SMALLDATETIME, matter NVARCHAR(5))
INSERT TB
SELECT '2008/12/15' , N '吃饭' UNION ALL
SELECT '2008/12/15' , N '上班' UNION ALL
SELECT '2008/12/15' , N '睡觉' UNION ALL
SELECT '2008/12/16' , N '休息' UNION ALL
SELECT '2008/12/16' , N '逛街'
GO<br>
CREATE FUNCTION F_COMBINESTR(@ date SMALLDATETIME)
RETURNS NVARCHAR(100)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(100)
SET @SQL=N ''
SELECT @SQL=@SQL+N '-' + MATTER FROM TB WHERE DATE =@ date
RETURN STUFF(@SQL,1,1, '' )
END
GO<br>
SELECT DATE ,MATTER=DBO.F_COMBINESTR( DATE ) FROM TB GROUP BY DATE <br>
DROP TABLE TB
DROP FUNCTION F_COMBINESTR
/*
DATE MATTER
2008-12-15 00:00:00 吃饭-上班-睡觉
2008-12-16 00:00:00 休息-逛街
*/
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| #6 得分:0回复于: 2008-12-25 16:11:46 不懂,up | |
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| #7 得分:0回复于: 2010-07-19 15:44:07 | |
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