1.窗体与界面设计-窗体效果

在项目开发中的窗体的设计会影响用户对软件的整体印象，因此窗体的效果要设计得美观一些。

029 制作鼠标穿透窗体

在对桌面进行操作时，为了使桌面更加美观，可以在桌面的上面加一层类似于玻璃的效果，用户可以用鼠标透过“玻璃”对桌面进行操作。本实例通过使用鼠标穿透窗体类实现以上功能。主要用到了 API 函数 SetWindowLong 和 GetWindowLong。

1.创建一个项目，默认窗体为 Form1，将该窗体的 FormBordeStyle 属性设置为 None，BackColor 属性设置为 Gainsboro，Opacity 属性设置为 60%，WindowState 属性设置为 Maximized。

2.在 Form1 窗体中添加一个 NotifyIcon 控件，并设置其 Icon 属性为指定的图标，显示提示信息；添加一个 ContextMenuStrip 控件，作为程序的快捷菜单。

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namespace _029_MouseThroughForm {     public partial class Form1 : Form     {         public Form1()         {             InitializeComponent();         }            private const uint WS_EX_LAYERED = 0x80000;         private const int WS_EX_TRANSPARENT = 0x20;         private const int GWL_EXSTYLE = (-20);         private string Var_genre = "";//记录当前操作的类型            #region 在窗口结构中为指定的窗口设置信息         /// <summary>         /// 在窗口结构中为指定的窗口设置信息         /// </summary>         /// <param name="hwnd">欲为其取得信息的窗口的句柄</param>         /// <param name="nIndex">欲取回的信息</param>         /// <param name="dwNewLong">由nIndex指定的窗口信息的新值</param>         /// <returns></returns>         [DllImport("user32", EntryPoint = "SetWindowLong")]         private static extern uint SetWindowLong(IntPtr hwnd, int nIndex, uint dwNewLong);         #endregion            #region 从指定窗口的结构中取得信息         /// <summary>         /// 从指定窗口的结构中取得信息         /// </summary>         /// <param name="hwnd">欲为其获取信息的窗口的句柄</param>         /// <param name="nIndex">欲取回的信息</param>         /// <returns></returns>         [DllImport("user32", EntryPoint = "GetWindowLong")]         private static extern uint GetWindowLong(IntPtr hwnd, int nIndex);         #endregion            #region 使窗口有鼠标穿透功能         /// <summary>         /// 使窗口有鼠标穿透功能         /// </summary>         private void CanPenetrate()         {             uint intExTemp = GetWindowLong(this.Handle, GWL_EXSTYLE);   //从当前窗口的结构中取得信息             //在窗口结构中为当前窗口设置信息             uint oldGWLEx = SetWindowLong(this.Handle, GWL_EXSTYLE, WS_EX_TRANSPARENT | WS_EX_LAYERED);         }         #endregion            private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             this.ShowInTaskbar = false;//窗体不出现在Windows任务栏中             CanPenetrate();//自定义方法，用来通过API函数SetWindowLong和GetWindowLong实现鼠标的穿透效果             this.TopMost = true;//使窗体始终在其它窗体之上         }            #region 设置颜色和透明度的状态         /// <summary>         /// 设置颜色和透明度的状态         /// </summary>         private void SetEstate(Form Frm, object sender)         {             Var_genre = ((ToolStripMenuItem)sender).Name;             string Tem_Str = Var_genre;             if (Var_genre.IndexOf('_') >= 0)             {                 Var_genre = Tem_Str.Substring(0, Tem_Str.IndexOf('_'));             }                switch (Var_genre)             {                 case "ToolColor":                     {                         Color Tem_Color = Color.Gainsboro;                         switch (Convert.ToInt32(((ToolStripMenuItem)sender).Tag.ToString()))                         {                             case 1: Tem_Color = Color.Gainsboro; break;                             case 2: Tem_Color = Color.DarkOrchid; break;                             case 3: Tem_Color = Color.RoyalBlue; break;                             case 4: Tem_Color = Color.Gold; break;                             case 5: Tem_Color = Color.LightGreen; break;                         }                         Frm.BackColor = Tem_Color;                         break;                     }                 case "ToolClarity":                     {                         double Tem_Double = 0.0;                         switch (Convert.ToInt32(((ToolStripMenuItem)sender).Tag.ToString()))                         {                             case 1: Tem_Double = 0.1; break;                             case 2: Tem_Double = 0.2; break;                             case 3: Tem_Double = 0.3; break;                             case 4: Tem_Double = 0.4; break;                             case 5: Tem_Double = 0.5; break;                             case 6: Tem_Double = 0.6; break;                             case 7: Tem_Double = 0.7; break;                             case 8: Tem_Double = 0.8; break;                             case 9: Tem_Double = 0.9; break;                            }                         Frm.Opacity = Tem_Double;                         break;                     }                 case "ToolAcquiescence":                     {                         Frm.BackColor = Color.Gainsboro;                         Frm.Opacity = 0.6;                         break;                     }                 case "ToolClose":                     {                         Close();                         break;                     }                }         }         #endregion            private void ToolColor_Glass_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             SetEstate(this, sender);         }     } }

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030 窗体换肤程序

本实例的基本原理是给窗体的各个组成部分更换图片，基于该原理，首先需要分析窗体的组成部分，主要包括标题栏、左边框、右边框、下边框、窗体中间区域及可能存在的菜单栏，其中标题栏和3个边框无法通过设置相关属性来达到更换背景图片的目的。对于这个问题，可以通过取消窗体的 FormBorderStyle 属性，同时在标题栏和3个边框的位置添加 Panel 控件来解决，然后通过选择不同的皮肤类型，为窗体的各个组成部分设置图片，最终达到窗体换肤的效果。在以上过程中，最主要的技术问题是如何从指定的文件创建 Image 对象，以及如何获取图片的路径。

1.创建一个项目，默认窗体为 Form1，设置 Form1 的 AutoscaleMode 属性为 Inherit，DoubleBuffered 属性为 True，IsMdiContainer 属性为 True。

2.在窗体中添加6个 Panel 控件，分别用来作为窗体的标题栏、下边框、左边框、右边框、左下角边框和右下角边框；添加一个 ContextMenuStrip 控件，用来作为更换皮肤的快捷菜单；添加3个 PictureBox 控件，分别用来显示最大化、最小化和关闭图片。

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namespace _030_WinCusSkin {     public partial class Form1 : Form     {         String strImagesPath = Application.StartupPath.Substring(0, Application.StartupPath.Substring(0, Application.StartupPath.LastIndexOf("\\")).LastIndexOf("\\"));         int top, left, hei, wid;         bool bol = false, bo = false, bolTop = false, bolLeft = false, bolRight = false, bolBottom = false, bolLeftCornu = false, bolRightCornu = false;         int x = 0, y = 0;         public Form1()         {             InitializeComponent();         }            //关闭事件。         private void picClose_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)         {             Application.Exit();         }         //最大化事件。           private void picMaximize_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)         {             if (!bol)   //若窗体处于普通状态             {                 top = this.Top;     //获取窗体的Top属性值                 left = this.Left;   //获取窗体的Left属性值                 hei = this.Height;  //获取窗体的Height属性值                 wid = this.Width;   //获取窗体的Width属性值                 this.Top = 0;       //设置窗体的Top属性值为零                 this.Left = 0;      //设置窗体的Left属性值为零                 int hg = SystemInformation.MaxWindowTrackSize.Height;   //获取窗口的默认最大高度                 int wh = SystemInformation.MaxWindowTrackSize.Width;    //获取窗口的默认最大宽度                 this.Height = hg;   //设置窗体的Height属性值                 this.Width = wh;    //设置窗体的Width属性值                 bol = true;         //设置窗体标记表示最大化                 if (menItemSkin1.Checked)   //若选择“紫色小花”菜单项，设置最大化图片的Image属性                     this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\max.png");                 if (menItemSkin2.Checked)   //若选择“蓝色经典”菜单项，设置最大化图片的Image属性                     this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\max.png");                 if (menItemSkin3.Checked)   //若选择“绿色菜园”菜单项，设置最大化图片的Image属性                     this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\max.png");             }             else                    //若窗体处于最大化状态             {                 this.Top = top;     //设置窗体的Top属性值                 this.Left = left;   //设置窗体的Left属性值                 this.Height = hei;  //设置窗体的Height属性值                 this.Width = wid;   //设置窗体的Width属性值                 bol = false;        //设置窗体标记表示普通状态                 if (menItemSkin1.Checked)                     this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\max_Normal.png");                 if (menItemSkin2.Checked)                     this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\max_Normal.png");                 if (menItemSkin3.Checked)                     this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\max_Normal.png");             }         }         //最小化事件。         private void picMinimize_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)         {             top = this.Top;             left = this.Left;             hei = this.Height;             wid = this.Width;             this.Height = 0;             this.Width = 0;             bo = true;         }         //窗口再次被激活时。         private void Form_Activated(object sender, System.EventArgs e)         {             if (bo)             {                 this.Top = top;                 this.Left = left;                 this.Height = hei;                 this.Width = wid;                 bo = false;             }         }         //选择关闭。         private void mItemColse_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)         {             Application.Exit();         }         //上边框鼠标按下。         private void panel_Top_MouseDown(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             x = e.X;             y = e.Y;             this.bolTop = true;         }         //上边框鼠标移动。          private void panel_Top_MouseMove(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             if (bolTop)             {                 this.Top += e.Y - y;                 this.Left += e.X - x;             }         }         //上边框鼠标释放。         private void panel_Top_MouseUp(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             this.bolTop = false;         }         //左边框鼠标按下。         private void panel_Left_MouseDown(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             x = e.X;             this.bolLeft = true;         }         //左边框鼠标移动。         private void panel_Left_MouseMove(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             if (bolLeft)             {                 this.Width += x - e.X;                 this.Left += e.X - x;             }         }         //左边框鼠标离开。         private void panel_Left_MouseUp(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             this.bolLeft = false;         }         //右边框鼠标按下。         private void panel_Right_MouseDown(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             x = e.X;             this.bolRight = true;         }         //右边框鼠标移动。         private void panel_Right_MouseMove(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {            if (bolRight)             {                 this.Width += e.X - x;             }         }         //右边框鼠标离开。         private void panel_Right_MouseUp(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             this.bolRight = false;         }         //下边框鼠标按下。         private void panel_Bottom_MouseDown(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             y = e.Y;             this.bolBottom = true;         }         //下边框鼠标移动。         private void panel_Bottom_MouseMove(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             if (bolBottom)             {                 this.Height += e.Y - y;             }         }         //下边框鼠标离开。         private void panel_Bottom_MouseUp(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             this.bolBottom = false;         }         //左下角鼠标按下。         private void panelLeftCornu_MouseDown(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             x = e.X;             y = e.Y;             this.bolLeftCornu = true;         }         //左下角鼠标移动。         private void panelLeftCornu_MouseMove(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             if (bolLeftCornu)             {                 this.Width += x - e.X;                 this.Left += e.X - x;                 this.Height += e.Y - y;             }         }         //左下角鼠标离开。         private void panelLeftCornu_MouseUp(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             x = e.X;             y = e.Y;             this.bolLeftCornu = false;         }         //右下角鼠标按下。         private void panelRightCornu_MouseDown(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             this.bolRightCornu = true;         }         //右下角鼠标移动。         private void panelRightCornu_MouseMove(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             if (bolRightCornu)             {                 this.Width += e.X - x;                 this.Height += e.Y - y;             }         }         //右下角鼠标离开。         private void panelRightCornu_MouseUp(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)         {             this.bolRightCornu = false;         }            private void Form_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             menItemSkin2_Click(sender, e);//默认蓝色经典         }            private void menItemSkin1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             //设置Panel控件的BackgroundImage属性             this.panel_Top.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\top.png");             this.panel_Left.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\left.png");             this.panel_Right.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\right.png");             this.panel_Bottom.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\bottom.png");             //设置最小化图片控件的Image属性             this.picMinimize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\min.png");             if (bol == true)    //若当前窗体处于最大化状态             {                 //设置最大化图片控件的Image属性                 this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\max.png");             }             else             {                 //设置最大化图片控件的Image属性                 this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\max_normal.png");             }             //设置关闭图片控件的Image属性             this.picClose.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\close.png");             //设置菜单的选中标记             this.menItemSkin1.Checked = true;              this.menItemSkin2.Checked = false;             this.menItemSkin3.Checked = false;             //设置窗体主菜单的背景图像属性             this.menuStrip1.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\menu.gif");             //设置窗体的背景图像属性             this.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\purple\background.gif");         }            private void menItemSkin2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             this.panel_Top.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\top.png");             this.panel_Left.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\left.png");             this.panel_Right.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\right.png");             this.panel_Bottom.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\bottom.png");             this.picMinimize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\min.png");             if (bol == true)             {                 this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\max.png");             }             else             {                 this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\max_normal.png");             }             this.picClose.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\close.png");             this.menItemSkin1.Checked = false;             this.menItemSkin2.Checked = true;             this.menItemSkin3.Checked = false;             this.menuStrip1.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\menu.gif");             this.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\blue\background.gif");         }            private void menItemSkin3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             this.panel_Top.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\top.png");             this.panel_Left.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\left.png");             this.panel_Right.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\right.png");             this.panel_Bottom.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\bottom.png");             this.picMinimize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\min.png");             if (bol == true)             {                 this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\max.png");             }             else             {                 this.picMaximize.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\max_normal.png");             }             this.picClose.Image = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\close.png");             this.menItemSkin1.Checked = false;             this.menItemSkin2.Checked = false;             this.menItemSkin3.Checked = true;             this.menuStrip1.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\menu.gif");             this.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(strImagesPath + @"\images\green\background.gif");         }            private void 退出ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             Application.Exit();         }            private void panel_Top_DoubleClick(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             picMaximize_Click(sender, e);         }     } }