1.检查系统包是否已经安装。 rpm -q grep binutils-2.* \ elfutils-libelf-0.* \ glibc-2.* \ glibc-common-2.* \ libaio-0.* \ libgcc-4.* \ libstdc++-4.* \ make-3.* \ compat-libstdc++-33 \ elfutils-libelf-devel-0.* \ glibc-devel-2.* \ gcc-4.* \ gcc-c++-4.* \ libaio-devel-0.* \ libstdc++-devel-4.* \ unixODBC-2.* \ unixODBC-devel-2.* \ sysstat-7.* 2.如缺少相应的补丁包,可以到系统安装盘安装相关的补丁包 cd /media/Enterprise\ Linux\ dvd\ 20090127/Server/ rpm -Uvh grep binutils-2.* rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-0.* rpm -Uvh glibc-2.* rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2.* rpm -Uvh libaio-0.* rpm -Uvh libgcc-4.* rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4.* rpm -Uvh make-3.* rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33 rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.* rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2.* rpm -Uvh gcc-4.* rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4.* rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0.* rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4.* rpm -Uvh unixODBC-2.* rpm -Uvh unixODBC-devel-2.* rpm -Uvh sysstat-7.* 3.添加oracle组和用户(Oracle Enterprise Linux默认把oracle的用户创建完了,这一步骤可以省略) # groupadd oinstall -g 501 # groupadd dba -g 502 # groupadd oper -g 503 # useradd oracle -u 500 -g oinstall -G dba,oper # passwd oracle 输入密码:oracle 4.修改参数文件 sysctl.conf # cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF kernel.sem=1055 32000 100 128 kernel.shmmax=2147483648 kernel.shmall = 2097152 net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0 net.core.optmem_max = 65535 net.core.rmem_default = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_max = 262144 fs.file-max = 6553600 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 EOF 5.以下命令加载sysctl.conf文件中的内容,检查参数值是否正确设定。 # /sbin/sysctl -p 6.修改参数文件limits.conf # cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF * soft nproc 2047 * hard nproc 16384 * soft nofile 1024 * hard nofile 65536 EOF 7.修改参数文件login # cat >> /etc/pam.d/login << EOF session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so session required pam_limits.so EOF 8.修改参数文件config # vi /etc/selinux/config 注销其他的,仅留下面的内容 SELINUX=disabled SELINUXTYPE=disabled 9.创建安装目录 # mkdir -p /oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/1101/db # mkdir -p /oracle/u02/oradata # chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle # chmod -R 775 /oracle 10.确认系统版本号 [root@RHEL53 /]# cat /etc/issue Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux Server release 5.3 (Carthage) Kernel \r on an \m [root@RHEL53 /]# cat /etc/redhat-release Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.3 (Tikanga) 11.修改oracle的环境变量.bash_profile # su - oracle $ vi ~/.bash_profile ################################################## # Oracle Settings ################################################## export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/1101/db export ORACLE_SID=ora11g export ORACLE_TERM=xterm export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib #LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1; export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi umask 022 fi ################################################## # Shell setting. ################################################## umask 022 set -o vi # stty erase ^H export PS1="\${ORACLE_SID}@`hostname` \${PWD}$ " export SQLPATH=/home/oracle/sql # auto add env parameter $PROMPT_COMMAND when use non-Linux tty login by ssh. if [ "$SSH_CONNECTION" != '' ]; then export HOSTIP=`echo $SSH_CONNECTION |awk '{print $3}' |awk -F: '{if ($1 == "") print $4; else print $1}'` export PROMPT_COMMAND='echo -ne "\033]0;${USER}@'$HOSTIP':[${HOSTNAME%%.*}]:${PWD/#$HOME/~} \007"' fi ################################################## # Oracle Alias ################################################## alias base='cd $ORACLE_BASE' alias home='cd $ORACLE_HOME' alias alert='tail -200f $ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID/trace/alert_$ORACLE_SID.log' alias tnsnames='vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora' 12.访问控制列表调整 # xhost + 13.上传并解压相关安装介质 $ unzip linux_11gR1_database_1013.zip 14.图形化界面安装数据库软件11g版本 # su - oracle $ cd database $ ./runInstaller.sh 选择高级安装Advanced Installation 选择Custom安装 选定perform. type configuration Custom Database 执行两个脚本 # cd /oracle/u01/app/oraInventory/ # ./orainstRoot.sh # cd /oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/1101/db/ # ./root.sh 15.netca配置监听器及本地命名模式 # su - oracle $ netca 16.DBCA创建数据库 # su - oracle $ dbca 1).welcome界面,点击“Next” 2).选择Create a Database,点击“Next” 3).选择Custom Database,点击“Next” 4).Global Database Name输入ora11g,SID输入ora11g,点击“Next” 5).默认,Configure Enterprise Manager,点击“Next” 6).设置系统用户的登陆密码,点击“Next” 7).选择存储方式(文件系统,ASM,裸设备),我这里选择默认文件系统,点击“Next” 8).选择第二项Use Common Location for All Database Files,点击“Browse”选择路径/oracle/u02/oradata,点击“Next” 9).启用闪回和归档,点击“Next” 10).选择数据库组件,这里本着能不选就不选的原则,点击“Standard Database Components...”,全部取消所选项,点击“OK”,取消Oracle Text,点击“Next” 11).Memory、Size、Character和Connection Mode的选择,依照系统的配置进行调整,点击“Next” 在这一步骤里设置SGA和PGA大小后点击“Next”后可能报一个错误,与/dev/shm过小有关,处理的方法如下: 可通过修改/etc/fstab来限制tmpfs的大小,如 none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 改成: none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=1024M 0 0 重新mount /dev/shm使之生效: # mount -o remount /dev/shm 12).默认选择,Keep the enhanced 11g default security settings (recommended),点击“Next” 13).默认选择,Enable automatic maintenance tasks,点击“Next” 14).验证一下存储文件的位置,这里可以修改Redo Log的大小,修改后点击“Next” 15).选择Create Database, Save as a Database Template, Generate Database Creation Scripts,点击“Finish” 16).这里创建的的开始可能会报一个与NLS的错误 处理方法: 取消~/.bash_profile文件中环境变量NLS_LANG的设置; ORA_NLSxx 环境变量必须用 ORA_NLS10 ,以前在 10g 上还兼容的 ORA_NLS33 不能继续用的, 因此,添加export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data,因需要修改配置文件,所以如果遇到这个错误之后需要重新安装dbca,因此这一步骤需要在证实安装前就设置妥当。 17).系统一步一步的安装,这个过程比较漫长,不过一般不会出现报错 18).整个安装结束 ora11g@RHEL53 /home/oracle$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Thu Feb 26 19:32:17 2009 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production PL/SQL Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production CORE 11.1.0.6.0 Production TNS for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production 附录: Oracle 官方安装文档 http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b32002/toc.htm -- The End -- |
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