配色: 字号:
英语名词单复数用法大全
2013-10-10 | 阅:  转:  |  分享 
  
英语名词单复数用法大全





一、规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下:

1 、一般情况在词尾加-s: map-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-days

2 、以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-es: class-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishes

3 、以-f或-fe结尾的词 变-f和-fe为v再加-es: leaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives,loaf-loaves,wife-wives;加-s:belief-beliefs,chief-chiefs,proof-proofs,roof-roofs,gulf-gulfs

4 、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加-es :party-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-cities

5 、以音辅字母加y结尾的名词,或专有名词以y结尾的,加-s toy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays,Henry-Henrys

6 、以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-es:hero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes;不少外来词加-s:piano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos,solo-solos

两者皆可:zero-zeros/zeroes,volcano-volcanoes/volcanos

7 、以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s:radio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoos

8 、以-th结尾的名词加-s:truth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths



二、不规则名词复数:

英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下:

1、改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式:man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice

2、单复数相同:sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,speciesli,yuan,jin,

3、只有复数形式:ashes,trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,compasses,contents

4、一些集体名词总是用作复数:people,police,cattle,staff

5、部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也可以作复数(成员): audience,class,family,crowd,couple,group,committee,government,population,crew,team,public,enemy,party

6、复数形式表示特别含义:customs(海关),forces(军队),times(时代),spirits(情绪),drinks(饮料),sands(沙滩),papers(文件报纸),manners(礼貌),looks(外表),brains(头脑智力),greens(青菜),ruins(废墟)

7、表示“某国人”加-s:Americans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans;单复数同形Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese;以-man或-woman结尾的改为men,-women,Englishmen,Frenchwomen

8、合成名词将主体名词变为复数:sons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boyfriends;

无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数:grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches;将两部分变为复数:womensingers,menservants



献花(0)
+1
(本文系shtingting首藏)