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source: http://liuyifeng2050.blog.163.com/blog/static/320112192009511102227207/ 近年来，高考试卷中也常有这种"陷阱"题出现。当同学们遇到这种题时，既不可“轻易下手”，也不可不知所措，而应做到先三思而后行。首先，同学们要认真审题，发现“陷阱”。要灵活地运用语法规则，理顺思路，寻找“陷阱”。其次，要运用多向思维，分析“陷阱”。不要用习惯的、单一的、片面的思维去解题。再次，要去伪存真，识别“陷阱”。要抓住基本知识点及特殊现象，不厌其烦地归纳理解，认清选择题目中的“鱼目”及“珍珠”，避免落入“陷阱”。最后就是要加强验证，跳出“陷阱”。这就要求学习者要有良好的检查验证习惯，掌握验证的方法，即使落入了“陷阱”，也能在验证过程中，发现“陷阱”，并迅速地跳出来。
1.mary couldn’t make herself _______ attention to because her classmates made so much noise. a. paid b. to pay c. pay d. paying 答案解析：此题容易误选c, 其实此题应选a。 pay attention to 是动词短语，起及物动词的作用，在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语herself构成被动关系。
2.was it through mary , ____ was working at a high school , _____ you get to know tom ? a. who, who b. that, which c. who, that d. who, which 答案解析： 此题应选c, 但是许多学生刚好首先排除了c项，他们认为:（1)非限制性定语从句不用关系代词that引导;（2) 强调句型it be + 被强调部分 + that (who)…中，who (that)前不能有逗号。 上述两点是对的，在此句中was it…that…也的确是强调句型，但句中的两个逗号不在强调句型中，它的作用是把非限制性定语从句who was working at a high school与句子其它部分分隔开来。整句话的汉语意思是：玛丽在一所中学工作，你是不是通过她认识汤姆的？
3.every minute is made full use of _______ our lessons. a. studying b. to study c. study d. being studied 答案解析：此题容易误选a,认为动名词作介词的宾语。其实此题应选b，此句是被动句，转换成主动句就成为 we make full use of every minute to study our lessons.。是不定式作目的状语。
4.i agree with most of what you said, but i don't agree with _____. a. everything b. anything c. something d. nothing 答案解析： 此题容易误选b，生搬硬套不定代词用法规则：something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句或疑问句。其实此题应选a，注意前文的i agree with most of what you said(我同意你说的大部分内容)，其后的not与everything构成部分否定，意为“不是所有的都同意”，前后两部分用转折连词but连接，语气通顺、连贯。 5. —would you like _______ , sir? —no, thanks. i have had much. a．some more oranges b．any more oranges c．some more orange d．any more orange 答案解析：选c。当用委婉的语气希望得到对方肯定回答的时候，疑问句中的some不能变成any。从答语中的much可判断出前面的名词应该是不可数的。此句话的汉语意思是：－先生，还要点橙汁吗？－不了，谢谢，我已喝了很多了。
6.he suggested the person referred _______ put into prison. a. is b. be c. to be d. should be 答案解析：此题应选c. referred to 过去分词作定语，be put into prison是宾语从句的谓语部分。学生由于粗心，容易误选b或者d。
7.—well. i do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. —_____________. a．so it is b．so is it c．so does it d．so it does 答案解析：此题容易误选b, 平时同学们经常练习和so有关的倒装句：so放在句首，表示前面的肯定内容也适用于另一个人或物。其结构为：so +助动词+主语 。因此在未完全理解题意时，就主观地选择了b。其实最佳答案为a。本题考查\"so+主语＋助动词\"结构，用来表示赞成前一说话者所说的内容，可译为\"是的\"、\"对\"或\"确实如此\"。此句话的汉语意思是：－ 哎， 我真地认为这兔子是一只漂亮温顺的动物，跑得很快。－ 确实如此。
8.“is there _____ here?” “no, bob and tim have asked for leave.” a. anybody b. everybody c. somebody d. nobody 答案解析：此题容易误选a，认为这是一般疑问句，要用anybody。其实此题应选b，主要与上下文的语境有关。全文语境为：“大家都到齐了吗？”“没有，bob和tim两人请假了。”
9.“i think the teacher is wrong, _____?” “no, i don't think so.” a. don't you b. don't i c. doesn't he d. doesn't she 答案解析：此题容易误选c或d，因为按照语法规则，i think后接宾语从句时，其反意疑问句与从句保持一致，但是退一步，即使按此规则，其反意疑问句也应是isn't he或isn't she之类的，而不是像c或d那样用doesn't he和doesn't she。综合四个选项，最佳答案为a，don't you为don't you think so之省略。
10.don't you know _____, my dear friend, it is you that she loves? a. who b. which c. that d. what 答案解析：此题容易误选a或b，选a者认为这是指人的，故用who；选b者认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句(注意没有先行词)，其实此题应选c，that引导的是一个宾语从句（用做动词know的宾语），它只是被句中的插入语my dear friend隔开罢了。其实此句也可说成：my dear friend, don't you know that it is you that she loves?
11. he transplanted the little tree to the garden _____ it was the best time for it. a. where b. when c. that d. until 答案解析：此题容易误选c, 把the garden看成是先行词，以为是where引导的表地点的定语从句。其实此题应选b。这是when引导时间状语从句。此句话的汉语意思是：他把小树在最合适的时候移植到花园。 12.if the weather is fine, we'll go. if _____, _____. a. not, not b. no, no c. not, no d. no, not
答案解析：此题应选a。if not, not.为if the weather is not fine, we will not go.之省略，全句意为“如果天气好,我们就去；如果天气不好，我们就不去”。该句的特点是：后句与前句的用词和句式完全相同,只是前句为肯定，后句为否定，为了简洁起见,于是将后句与前句相同部分省略，只保留否定词not。
13.--- mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day ? --- ____ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. a. get b. getting c. to get d. to be getting 答案解析： 此处回答why, 因而答案选c. 作目的状语。
14.she's too thin. she ____ gain some weight but she _____ too little. a. would, ate b. will, eats c. would, eats d. will, ate 答案解析：此题有些难度，许多同学不知如何分析。我们先根据题目所提供的选项将句意大致概括出来：她太瘦了。她会增加体重的，但她吃得太少了。根据句首she's too thin这一所给信息可知，“她瘦”应是客观事实。按照一般的常识，“吃得少”就会导致“瘦”，“吃得多”就会导致“胖”，根据句首的信息，“她瘦”是客观事实，所以她“吃得少”也应是事实，因此第二空应填eats(即用一般现在时表示现在的事实)。根据上面的分析：“她瘦”和“她吃得少”均为现在的事实，那么“她体重会增加”就应是假设(注意句中的转折连词but)，所以第一空应填would，其实，此句可理解为其后省略了一个条件状语if she ate more (如果她多吃一点的话)。此题最佳答案选c。
15. — what should i do with this passage? —_____ the main idea of each paragraph. a. finding out b. found out c. find out d. to find out
答案解析： 此题极易误选a。认为是动名词短语作do的宾语。其实我们把该答案代入原文，便发现不行。因为do finding out…是绝对不能搭配的。其实此题应选c。考查祈使句。此句话的汉语意思是：－ 我应该怎么处理这段文章？－ 归纳出每段的中心思想。
16.she can't help _____ the house because she's busy making a cake. a. to clean b. cleaning c. cleaned d. being cleaned 答案解析：此题容易误选b，简单地套用can't help doing sth这一结构。其实此题应选a，注意以下两个结构均可用，但是含义不同：can't help doing sth =禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事；can't help to do sth =不能帮助做某事。前者为引申用法，一般辞书均将其作为固定搭配列出来，许多老师对此也比较强调，从而就使同学们形成了思维定势；而后者为help表示“帮助”时的本义用法，因同学们平时对此不大注意，一看到上面的试题马上就联想到can't help doing sth这一结构，从而误选了b。
17. the prize of the game show is ＄30,000 and an all expenses __________ vacation to china. a. paying b. paid c. to be paid d.being paid 答案解析：选b。此句话的汉语意思是：“联众秀”的奖金是3万美元和一次一切费用全免的中国之旅。paid和expenses之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，过去分词作定语修饰expenses。整个all expenses paid又作定语修饰vacation。 多数考生没把all expenses paid看成一个整体，而认为all expenses和pay 存在着逻辑上的主谓关系；pay 和vacation存在着逻辑上的动宾关系；而误选答案a。
18.i'm examining the composition he has just finished ____ the possible mistakes in it. a. correcting b. to correct c. corrected d. correct 答案解析：此题容易误选a，因为习惯思维finish 后接doing. 但从句he has just finished为定语从句。答案选b，动词不定式作目的状语。
19.he ________ more than 5,000 english words when he entered the university at the age of 15. a. has learned b. would have learned c. learned d. had learned 答案解析：此题容易误选c, 学生见到过去时间点，就会依据平时的经验选择一般过去时。其实此题应选d。掌握了5000多个单词并非在15岁上大学时发生，而是早在之前就完成了，过去的过去， 所以要用过去完成时。此句话的汉语意思是：在他15岁上大学时，就已经掌握了5000多个单词了。
20.the judge paid no attention to _____ he had just lost his wife. a. that b. which c. what d. the fact that 答案解析：此题容易误选a或b：选a，认为to后应接一个that引导的宾语从句；选b，认为其后是一个定语从句，介词后应用关系代词which。其实此题应选d。注意不能选a的原因是，在通常情况下，介词后不能直接跟that从句(极个别介词如except, but等除外)，遇此情况，应在that从句前加上 the fact（此时the fact用做介词宾语，其后that从句用做the fact的同位语）。
21. ____ a broken chair , the room is empty a. except b. except for c. except that d. besides 答案解析：except所指项目，必须在主句内有所交代，except for 用来表示从某一细节方面来修正前面概括性说法，其后的宾语一般与句子所涉及的东西不同类。因此a broken chair 与 the room 不是同类，答案为b。
22. — what should i do with this passage? —_____ the main idea of each paragraph. a. finding out b. found out c. find out d. to find out 答案解析： 此题极易误选a。认为是动名词短语作do的宾语。其实我们把该答案代入原文，便发现不行。因为do finding out…是绝对不能搭配的。其实此题应选c。考查祈使句。 此句话的汉语意思是：－ 我应该怎么处理这段文章？－ 归纳出每段的中心思想。
23.the wonderful time they had been looking forward ____ at last. a. to arrive b. to arrived c. to arriving d. should arrive 答案解析：此题迷惑选项为c，因受look forward to doing的影响，但此题主语为the wonderful time，后面they have been looking forward to 为定语从句，分析句子结构，找出句子的主干the wonderful time arrived at last.不难发现正确答案应为b.
24. --- what do you think made mary so upset ? --- ____ her new bicycle. a. as she lost b. lost c. losing d. because of losing. 答案解析：此题迷惑项为d，这是犯了chinglish之错，问句中的 what只能用动名词短语losing her new bicycle来代替。答案b为过去分词不作主语，答案a不构成主语从句。若将答语补充完整，全句为losing her new bicycle made mary so upset.因此缺少主语，正确答案为c.
25.he wrote a lot of novels, none of _____ translated into a foreign language. a. them b. which c . it d. what 答案解析：同学们容易误选b，理由是none前没有并列连词 and 或 but，但b项是一个陷阱。此题的最佳答案应是a，注意此句不是并列句也不是含有非限制性定语从句的复合句。逗号后面其实是一个独立结构。translated 不是谓语，而是一个非谓语动词（过去分词），所以假若在 translated 前加一个助动词 was，则此题应选(which)，构成一个非限制性定语从句。所以做这类题要特别小心，千万不要想当然，更不要受思维定势的影响。
26.mr. smith is a painter, _____ i should also like to be. a. that b. which c. who d. it 答案解析：此题很容易误选c，因为许多同学认为指人时总是用who，不能用which，选项a(that)虽然也能指人，但这是非限制性定语从句，也不能用。其实此题应选b(which)，因为这里的which其实指的不是具体的某个人，而是指一个人的特征或属性，此时不能用who。
27. as soon as he comes back, i’ll tell him when _______ and see him. a. you will come b. will you come c. you come d. do you come 答案解析：选a。此句话的汉语意思是：他一回来，我就会告诉他你什么时候会来看他。when引导的是一个宾语从句，不是状语从句。根据题意要用一般将来时。 粗心考生会把when引导的句子误认为是状语从句，从而得出错误的结论：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来而误选c。
28..i agree with most of what you said, but i don't agree with ____. a. everything b. anything c. something d. nothing 答案解析：受否定句影响，迷惑选项为b.此题语境性极强，第一句中"most of what you said"为关键点，"你说的大部分我都同意，但并不是所有的我都同意"。因此，考查的是部分否定，答案为a。
29.after ____ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. a. which b. it c. what d. that 答案解析： 此题应选c，其余三项都很容易误选。误选a，认为介词后应接关系代词which（但是，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词）；b或d也不能选择，因为介词后可接what引导的宾语从句，但通常不能跟that引导的宾语从句或没有引导词的从句。另一方面，引导名词性从句的that也不能充当句子成分(句中的seemed缺主语)。选c，what引导的是宾语从句，用做介词after的宾语，其中的what可理解为some time that。
30.he was so angry at all _____ she was doing _____ he walked out. a. what, that b. that, that c. that, which d. what, as 答案解析：此题关键短语be angry at sth.因此all后的she was doing为定语从句，修饰all.第二个空考查so...that...句型， 答案应为b 。
31. --- when shall we meet again ? --- make it ____ day you like; it's all the same to me . a. one b. any c. another d. some 答案解析：：...you like和...it's all the same to me 表明说话人不在意哪一天，因此some day是错误的；another day需要前提：已谈论的时间不合适，应另选时间，但对话无此意。one day并不指"任意选择的一天"，而any day则有此意，故正确答案为b.
34. —did jack come back early last night? —yes. it was not yet eight o’clock _______ he arrived home. a．before b．when c．that d．until 答案解析：此题容易误选, 学生误认为此题在考查: (1) it…before…句型；(2) 强调句; (3) not…until…句型。其实此题应选b。eight o’clock是时间点,这是when引导的时间状语从句。此句话的汉语意思是：－杰克昨晚回来得很早吗？－是啊，他到家的时候还不到8点
35.--- alice , you feed the bird today , ______? --- but i fed it yesterday . a. do you b. will you c. didn't d. don't you 答案解析：此题易受you feed the bird today 中的you的影响，认为不是祈使句。但祈使句并非都无主语，为了加强语气，指明向谁提出请求或命令，引起听话者的注意时，可说出主语。所以正确答案是b而不是d.
36.she is quite a different girl _____ she was five years ago. a. from b. to c. than d. with 答案解析： 按照英语的表达习惯，要表示甲与乙不同，通常用be different from，如：mary is different from jane.玛丽与简不同。其中的介词from在英国英语中也可换成to，在美国英语中也可换成than，但两者均不如用from普遍。许多同学据此将上题的最佳答案确定为a，但错了，最佳答案应是c。一般说来，若两个比较的对象是名词、代词或状语短语等，则用different from［to, than］。但是若提出来供比较的对象是一个没有引导词的句子，则通常只用different than。
37.few pleasures can equal ______ of a cool drink on a hot day. a. some b. any c. that d. those 答案解析：：一看到few pleasures，容易错选d.但后面所设条件为a cool drink,因而正确答案应为c.
38.use an umbrella to _____ you from the rain. a. stop b. prevent c. keep d. protect 答案解析：许多同学一看到题干中的from，再联系到选项中的prevent，便马上想起了prevent ... from ...这个常用搭配，于是选择了b答案。这样分析的同学，没有完全弄清prevent ... from ...的用法特点。在prevent a from b这一句式中，a和b通常具有主谓关系，如在the rain prevented us from going out (下雨使我们不能出去)中，“我们”与“出去”就具有主谓关系。而上面一题不具备此特点，此题正确答案应是d，protect ... from ...意为“保护……免受……”。
39..who did the teacher have ___ an article for the wall newspaper just now? a. written b. writing c. write d. to write 答案解析：此题易误选a，受have的影响。其实此处所用句型为have sb.do sth不妨把who换为tom，利用还原句子结构的方法变为肯定句：the teacher had tom write an article for the wall newspaper just now.因此，答案应选c。
40. he transplanted the little tree to the garden _____ it was the best time for it. a. where b. when c. that d. until 答案解析：此题容易把the garden看成是先行词，以为是where引导的表地点的定语从句而误选c。 其实此题应选b。这是when引导时间状语从句。 此句话的汉语意思是：他把小树在最合适的时候移植到花园。
41.shirley _____ a book about china last year, but i don't know whether she has finished it. a. has written b. wrote c. had written d. was writing 答案解析：受last year的干扰而误选b项，但句意为"shirley去年（一段时间）在写一本有关中国的书，但我不知她现在是否写完"，因此答案为d.
42. --- who should i send this message to ? --- the mayor is the one ___ ? a. to send it b. to be sent c. for sending d. to send it to 答案解析：第一句提供了语境"应把消息送给谁？""应送给市长"。故a是错误的，正确答案为d，即send the message to the mayor.被修饰的名词为不定式的间接宾语时，不定式后应加上适当的介词。
43.it is so difficult a problem that _____ student in this class _____ work it out. a. any, can't b. no, can c. every, can d. no, can't 答案解析：此题很容易误选a，因为从句意上看，选a可将此句理解为“这个问题是如此之难，这个班上任何一个学生都不可能做出来”。但按英语习惯，any(任何一个)作为非肯定词，它只能出现在否定词not之后，而不能在其前，即可说not any,但不说any not。所以正确答案应选b。 44.the young man spent as much time as he _____ over his lessons. a. went b. can go c. could going d. could to go 答案解析：此题除考查理解句子结构的能力外，还考查了动词短语spend some time(in)doing sth的用法，所以答案为c。
45_____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. a. it b. as c. that d. what 答案解析： 此题很容易误选a，认为此处应填一个形式主语，况且it is (well) known to ...也是一个常用句型，读起来也很上口，但是选a错了。同学们仔细想想看，假若选a，横线处填一个形式主语(it)，那么其后就应有一个真正的主语，但事实上没有。但是若将句中的逗号改成that，则只能选a，因为这样一来，that便成为一个引导主语从句的引导词。此题的最佳答案是b，as引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，可置于主句前(常译为“正如”)或主句后(常译为“这一点”)，句意为“正如大家所知，月球每月绕地球转一周”。
46. —must i turn off the gas after cooking ? —of course . you can never be _______ careful with that. a．enough b．too c．so d．very 答案解析：选b。can / could not...too是一个固定搭配，表示“无论怎样也不过分；此句话的汉语意思是：－ 做完饭后一定要把煤气关掉吗？－ 当然，你越小心越好。 有些学生误认为can never be too…是一个孤立的结构，而逐字翻译，从而误选d。
47.mrs brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again. a. it b. it repaired c. repaired d. to be repaired 答案解析：此题句型为have sth done, she had had repaired为定语从句，修饰the washing machine, c为正确答案。迷惑选项为b项。
48. --- don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. ---______ . a.i don't b.i won't c.i can't d.i haven't 答案解析：：完整回答为i won't forget to come to your birthday party tomorrow.答案为b. 选a是受上一句中don't 影响。
49.i'll come to see you if _____. a. you're convenient b. it is convenient for you c. you feel convenient d. it is convenient with you 答案解析：此题最佳答案为b，但很容易误选a或c，因为按汉语意思，我们常说“如果你方便的话”，所以许多同学就将此直译为if you are convenient或if you feel convenient。但事实上，英语中convenient的意思不是“感到方便的”，而是“使人感到方便的”，所以be convenient的主语不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的话”，英语通常说if it is convenient for［to］you，其中的介词可用for或to，但一般不用with。
50.sarah hopes to become a friend of _____ shares her interests. a. anyone b. whomever c. whoever d. no matter who 答案解析：此题不能选a，假若选a，应在其后加上who，即用 anyone who；也不能选b，一是因为横线处应填一个作主语的词(因为其后有谓语动词 shares)，二是因为在现代英语中 whomever这个词已基本废除 也就是说，在现代英语中whoever 既用做主语，也用做宾语，如：give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room. 你在会议室里看见谁就把它给谁)；也不能选d，因为 no matter who只用于引导让步状语从句，不用于引导名词性从句。此题正确答案为c，whoever 在此相当于 anyone who。 |
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