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Talking about the invention of the United Kingdom we have to refer to Watt, and we are able to remember him because he invented the first steam engine, which led to the British industrial revolution and the machine era of the world. It was the steam engine that improved the productivity and the world civilization developed rapidly.
说到英国的发明，我们不得不提到瓦特，而我们之所以记住他就是因为他发明了第一台蒸汽机，英国因此也发生了工业革命，将世界带入到大机器的时代。是蒸汽机让生产力得以提高，世界文明得以飞速发展。
The world’s first steam engine wasn’t invented by Watt; it was the Greek mathematician Alexandria Chirot who created the world’s first steam engine that was only a toy in the first century AD in the history of human beings. The world’s first steam engine with practical value was invented by the British Sevi in 1698. In addition, the British blacksmith Newcomen developed a steam pump with better performance in 1705 and it was used widely. But these two machines were still inefficient and a lot of fuel was in need during the work. A special idea of improving the steam engine came into Watt’s mind when he repaired one of the Newcomen steam engines until 1763. And Watt tested the first single-action-type steam engine successfully in 1765. However, there were so many flaws that he wasn’t satisfied with. Later, long-suffering Watt completed the linkage-type steam engine that could drive other machines successfully until 1782 with the help of his friends, and this kind of machine was called the “universal steam engine” then. Watt got the patent for invention of the “universal steam engine” in 1784, which was used widely in Britain very soon.
世界上第一台蒸汽机并不是瓦特发明的，早在公元1世纪就由古希腊数学家亚历山大港的希罗（Hero of Alexandria）制造出人类历史上第一台蒸汽机，可它只是个玩具。在1698年世界上第一台具有实用价值的蒸汽机就由英国人塞维里发明了。1705年，英国铁匠纽科门又研制出性能更加优越的蒸汽抽水机，并得到广泛应用。但这两台都还是效率低下，工作时需要耗费大量的燃料。直到1763年瓦特在对一台纽科门蒸汽机修理时，才萌发了对蒸汽机的改进的思想。1765年瓦特试验成功第一台单动式蒸汽机，但缺陷太多，自己也很不满意。直到1782年，历经磨难的瓦特终于在朋友的帮助下完成了能够成功带动其他机器一起工作的联动式蒸汽机，这种机器当时称为“万能蒸汽机”。1784年瓦特取得万能蒸汽机的发明专利权，不久这种蒸汽机在全英国得到广泛应用。
The steam engine was invented and the reform of sea transportation also began, and some countries had entered the so-called “steamboat era”. Such industries as coal mines, factories, trains and so on were fully improved because of the invention of steam engine, the manual labor could be liberated and the economy developed rapidly. In short, the invention of the steam engine had driven the machine-building industry and even progress and development of society, which completely changed the production and life condition of human beings, and the “steam age” has begun since then.
蒸汽机的发明开始了海上运输改革，一些国家进入了所谓的“汽船时代”。蒸汽机的发明使煤矿、工厂、火车等工业得到全面提高，体力劳动得以解放了,经济发展飞速。总之，蒸汽机的发明推动了机械工业甚至社会的进步发展，它彻底改变人类生产和生活面貌，从此人类进入了“蒸汽时代”。
重点词：
Invention n. 发明，发明物，虚构，虚构物
Productivity n. 生产率，生产能力
Blacksmith n. 铁匠
Pump n. 抽水机，打气筒，心脏，抽水，轻软舞鞋 vt. 抽水，打气，用泵输送
Inefficient adj. 无效率的，无能的，不称职的
Flaw n. 缺点，裂纹，瑕疵，突然的狂风
Manual adj. 手工的，体力的 n. 手册，指南，键盘
