Cisco使用的操作系统称为IOS——Internetworking Operating System,存储在Cisco设备的Flash存储器上,除了IOS外,还有一个重要的文件:设备配置文件。为了方便管理,我们可以把IOS系统及设备配置文件备份在本地计算机上,当出故障时,我们可以把IOS系统或配置文件恢复到Cisco设备上,本文的操作以Cisco 3550为例。 ⑴pwd命令,显示当前路径。
SW3550#pwd flash:
SW3550#pwd flash:/c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25.SEE/
⑵cd命令,切换目录命令
SW3550#cd c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25.SEE
⑶dir,显示当前路径下的文件
SW3550#dir Directory of flash:/
2 -rwx 616 Mar 1 1993 01:25:31 +00:00 vlan.dat 4 drwx 128 Mar 1 1993 01:17:39 +00:00 c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25.SEE 3 -rwx 3977 Mar 1 1993 02:20:42 +00:00 config.old 371 -rwx 2356 Mar 1 1993 03:08:11 +00:00 config.text
15998976 bytes total (8002560 bytes free) SW3550#
show flash命令也可以显示flash闪存中存储的文件: SW3550#show flash
Directory of flash:/
2 -rwx 616 Mar 1 1993 01:25:31 +00:00 vlan.dat 4 drwx 128 Mar 1 1993 01:17:39 +00:00 c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25.SEE 3 -rwx 3977 Mar 1 1993 02:20:42 +00:00 config.old 371 -rwx 2356 Mar 1 1993 03:08:11 +00:00 config.text
15998976 bytes total (8002560 bytes free) SW3550#
dir all用来显示当前路径下所有的文件
SW3550#dir all Directory of flash:/
2 -rwx 616 Mar 1 1993 01:25:31 +00:00 vlan.dat 4 drwx 128 Mar 1 1993 01:17:39 +00:00 c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25 .SEE 3 -rwx 3977 Mar 1 1993 02:20:42 +00:00 config.old 371 -rwx 2356 Mar 1 1993 03:08:11 +00:00 config.text
15998976 bytes total (8002560 bytes free) Directory of zflash:/
2 -rwx 616 Mar 1 1993 01:25:31 +00:00 vlan.dat 4 drwx 128 Mar 1 1993 01:17:39 +00:00 c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25 .SEE 3 -rwx 3977 Mar 1 1993 02:20:42 +00:00 config.old 371 -rwx 2356 Mar 1 1993 03:08:11 +00:00 config.text
15998976 bytes total (8002560 bytes free) Directory of system:/
3 dr-x 0 <no date> memory 1 -rw- 2376 <no date> running-config 2 dr-x 0 <no date> vfiles
No space information available Directory of nvram:/
380 -rw- 2356 <no date> startup-config 381 ---- 0 <no date> private-config
393216 bytes total (390808 bytes free)
Cisco 3550的IOS文件扩展名是.bin,全名是:c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25.SEE.bin,存储在flash下的c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25.SEE目录下。
SW3550#cd c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25.SEE SW3550#dir Directory of flash:/c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25.SEE/
5 -rwx 6410981 Mar 1 1993 01:17:39 +00:00 c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25 .SEE.bin 6 drwx 4160 Mar 1 1993 01:17:59 +00:00 html
15998976 bytes total (8002560 bytes free)
⑷copy命令备份IOS及配置文件
首先使用Cisco TFTP server架设一台TFTP服务器:
图一 Cisco TFTP Server
使用copty flash tftp命令把flash存储器内的IOS文件备份到TFTP Server上。
SW3550#copy flash tftp Source filename [/c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25.SEE/c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25]? c3 550-ipservices-mz.122-25.SEE.bin //输入IOS的路径及文件 Address or name of remote host []? 192.168.1.107 //输入TFTP Server的IP地址 Destination filename [c3550-ipservices-mz.122-25.SEE.bin]? //输入备份的目的址,也可以使用默认的名称。 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 6410981 bytes copied in 53.516 secs (119796 bytes/sec)
使用copy startup-config tftp命令把配置文件备份到TFTP Server上。 SW3550#copy startup-config tftp Address or name of remote host []? 192.168.1.107 Destination filename [sw3550-confg]? sw3550startupBack !! 2356 bytes copied in 0.044 secs (53545 bytes/sec) SW3550#
使用copty tftp startup-config把TFTP上存储的配置文件备文件恢复到交换机上: SW3550#copy tftp startup-config Address or name of remote host []? 192.168.1.107 Source filename []? sw3550startupBack Destination filename [startup-config]? Accessing tftp://192.168.1.107/sw3550startupBack... Loading sw3550startupBack from 192.168.1.107 (via Vlan1): ! [OK - 2356 bytes] [OK] 2356 bytes copied in 9.196 secs (256 bytes/sec)
⑸erase命令删除配置文件,慎用该命令!
SW3550#erase startup-config Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all configuration files! Continue? [con firm]y[OK] Erase of nvram: complete SW3550# 02:01:36: %SYS-7-NV_BLOCK_INIT: Initalized the geometry of nvram
删除了startup-config文件后,查看NVRAM(非易失内存),可以看到startup-config文件大小为0byte。 Directory of nvram:/
382 -rw- 0 <no date> startup-config 383 ---- 0 <no date> private-config
393216 bytes total (393164 bytes free)
恢复完配置文件后,再查看NVRAM:
Directory of nvram:/
380 -rw- 2356 <no date> startup-config 381 ---- 0 <no date> private-config
393216 bytes total (390808 bytes free)
本文只是简单地介绍了dir、cd、copy、erase等命令的使用,可以完成一些重要的管理工具。
posted on 2011-08-31 08:19 青蛙學堂 阅读(277) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 引用 所属分类: 硬件百科
|