Git是非常著名的分布式版本控制系统。 Gitosis则是方便通过Git与ssh架设中央服务器的软件。这篇文章的安装流程写得很明了,但使用中还是遇到了些许问题,本文算是该流程的补充。如果打算通过Gitosis架设服务器通过本文或许可以少走不少弯路。一、架设步骤1. 下载并安装python setuptoolssudo apt-get install python-setuptools2. 下载并安装gitosiscd ~/src git clone git://eagain.net/gitosis.git cd gitosis python setup.py install3. 添加用户gitsudo adduser --system --shell /bin/sh --gecos 'git version control' --group --disabled-password --home /home/git git
4. 生成本机密钥切换到个人机,如果已有~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub略过此步 ssh-keygen -t rsa5. 上传密钥到服务器临时目录scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 用户名@主机:/tmp6. 初使化gitosis切回到服务器 sudo -H -u git gitosis-init < /tmp/id_rsa.pub7. 修改post-update权限sudo chmod 755 /home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/hooks/post-update8. clone gitosis管理平台git clone git@主机名:gitosis-admin.git cd gitosis-admin9. 安装完成通过修改gitosis-admin管理gitosis用户权限 添加公密到keydir,添加用户 修改完后commit,push到中服务器即可完成仓库权限的相关操作。二、实例目标:添加用户 john 和仓库 foo 到gitosis,并和管理员miao合作管理1. 用户john添加并发送id_rsa.pub给miao- john:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
- Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/john/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory '/home/john/.ssh'. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/john/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/john/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
- john:~$ cp /home/john/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /tmp
2. gitosis管理员miao分配john权限- miao:~$ cd ~/projects
- git clone git@192.168.1.115:gitosis-admin
- cd gitosis-admin
- cat gitosis.conf
[gitosis]
[group gitosis-admin]
writable = gitosis-admin
members = miao@u32-192-168-1-110
- ls keydir/
- miao@u32-192-168-1-110.pub
- cp /tmp/id_rsa.pub keydir/john.pub
- vi gitosis.conf
[gitosis]
[group gitosis-admin]
writable = gitosis-admin
members = miao@u32-192-168-1-110
[group foo]
writable = foo
members = miao@u32-192-168-1-110 john
- git add .
- git commit -am "add member john and project foo"
- git push
3. 用户 miao 添加项目foo- miao:~$ cd ~/projects
- mkdir foo
- cd foo
- git init
- touch hello.txt
- git add hello.txt
- git commit -am 'first commit'
- git remote add origin git@192.168.1.115:foo.git
- git push origin master
4. 用户 john clone Foo并修改hello.txt- john:~$ git clone git@192.168.1.115:foo.git
- cd foo
- ls
- date > hello.txt
- git commit -am 'add time to hello.txt' && git push
5. 用户 miao pull Foo- miao:~/projects/foo$ vi .git/config
[core]
repositoryformatversion = 0
filemode = true
bare = false
logallrefupdates = true
[remote "origin"]
url = git@192.168.1.115:foo.git
fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
[branch "master"]
remote = origin
merge = refs/heads/master
- git pull
三、常见问题首先确定 /home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/hooks/post-update 为可执行即属性为 07551. git操作需要输入密码- 原因
- 公密未找到
- 解决
- 上传id_pub.rsa到keydir并改为'gitosis账号.pub'形式,如miao.pub。扩展名.pub不可省略
2. ERROR:gitosis.serve.main:Repository read access denied- 原因
- gitosis.conf中的members与keydir中的用户名不一致,如gitosis中的members = foo@bar,但keydir中的公密名却叫foo.pub
- 解决
- 使keydir的名称与gitosis中members所指的名称一致。
改为members = foo 或 公密名称改为foo@bar.pub
3. 相关链接安装流程(英文) ssh无密码登入设置
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