完形填空的八个常考考点

完形填空的八个常考考点
(1) 考查语法规则考查考生语法知识的运用能力。近年来完形填空中单纯考查语法知识的题一般不考，只是偶尔有个别考题。如：
On May 27, 1995, our life was suddenly changed. It happened a few minutes past three,
  36   my husband, Chris, fell from his horse…(江苏)
 36. A. since   B. before     C. when    D. while
 因a few minutes past three是“我丈夫”从马上掉下来的时间，应是定语从句的先行词，所以用when引导定语从句，正确选项是C。
(2) 考查固定搭配考查考生对常见的英语固定短语和习惯用法的掌握情况。如动词与名词的搭配；动词与介词或副词的搭配；介词与名词的搭配，句式结构的固定搭配等等。这类搭配在高考完形填空中时有出现。：
… The former    37   every possible effort to avoid being discovered…It was not long    50   a customer who had seen him arrive hurried in to inform him... (重庆)
 37. A. do       B. take        C. make         D. try
 50. A. when  B. after   C. until         D. before
因make every effort(尽力)是固定词组，It was not long before…(不久以后就)是固定句式，所以这两题的正确选项分别是C和D。
(3) 考查词语辨析考查考生在特定语境中区别近义词的能力。几个选项的词性相同，意义相近，要求我们在特定的语境中区分它们之间的细微差别。一般说来，其中的两个选项容易排除，难辨的是两个。如：
Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed. When they got to the South Pole, they found the Norwegians（挪威人）had    36   them in the race to be the first ever to reach it.(辽宁)
36. A. hit   B. fought   C. won   D. beaten
由第一句的disappointed可知，挪威人已经“胜过了”Scott和他的同伴，很易排除 选项A和B；而其余两个选项都有“胜过”之意，这就要求我们知道它们之间的细微差别：win的宾语通常是比赛、奖品或荣誉等，而beat的宾语则是竞赛或竞争的对手；所以正确选项是D。
(4) 考查行文逻辑考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系、对比关系等。四个选项都是表示文章的起承转合、上下连贯等逻辑关系的词语，必须弄清句子前后的逻辑关系，才可作出正确选择。如：
You are near the front line of a battle. Around you shells are exploding; people are shooting from a house behind you. What are you doing there? You aren’t a soldier. You aren’t   36   carrying a gun. You’re standing in front of… (湖北)
36. A. simply  B. really   C. merely   D. even
因为第36空这句话与前句是递进关系，“你不是士兵，‘甚至连’枪也没有带”，所以正确选项是D。
(5) 考查经验常识考查考生在日常的学习和生活中所积累的经验和基本常识，以及一些基本的科学常识。如：
But we run so much that, afterwards, we had trouble __45__. (北京)
A. speaking  B. moving  C. sleeping  D. breathing
跑得太多，其结果当然是上气不接下气，即呼吸困难了，我们一般都会有这样的生活经历，所以正确选项是D。
(6) 考查文章结构 考查考生对文章脉络层次的把握能力。如：
First of all, I respected his devotion to teaching…   43  , I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk…Finally, I was attracted by his lively sense of humor.(全国)
43. A. Later        B. Secondly      C. However        D. Therefore
本文的写作结构很清楚：开篇点题——难忘的哲学教授；诸条陈述——何以难忘：前有First of all提起, 后有Finally落脚，那么中间只有用Secondly来过渡了，所以正确选项是B。
(7) 考查逻辑推理考查考生根据文意和所掌握的知识经验进行简单的逻辑推理来确定选项的能力。如：
The Greek myth that explains why there are changes of seasons is about Demeter, the goddess of the harvest. She had a daughter, Persephone, whom she loved very much. Hades, god of the underworld, fell in love with Persephone, and he asked Zeus, the    37    of the gods, to give Persephone to him as his wife. Zeus did not want either to disappoint Hades or to upset Demeter, so…(广东)
37. A. winner       B. ruler         C. advisor       D. fighter
 冥王海地斯(Hades)要求宙斯(Zeus)把农业女神得墨忒耳(Demeter)的女儿珀尔塞福涅Persephone赐给(give)他做妻子，谁能行使如此大权？不难推知，只有众神之统领(rule)了，所以正确选项是B。
 (8) 考查前后语境考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析及推理的能力。高考的完形填空题中绝大多数属这种题型。有的根据上文、有的根据下文、有的要上下文结合，甚至通篇看完并理解才能作出正确的选择。如：
   One afternoon, I was out exploring…and saw a new kind of cactus (仙人掌). I crouched (蹲) down for a closer look. “You’d better not    47   that.” (湖南)
I turned around to see an old woman.
…
“Would you like to come to my home tomorrow? Someone should teach you which plant you should and shouldn’t touch.”
47. A. move    B. dig           C. pull          D. touch
此题若不读到最后一段的最后一句的最后一个单词，很难选出正确选项D来。