世界文化和自然遗产----海克力士塔

海克力士塔
The Tower of Hercules

 

（点击进入西班牙的世界文化和自然遗产名录）
入选时间：2009年
遴选依据：文化遗产(iii)
地理位置：N43 23 09 W08 24 23
遗产编号：1312

 

简介：

    海克力士塔位于西班牙西北部，距离加利西亚拉科鲁尼亚2.4公里的一个半岛上。屹立在大西洋被面的西班牙海岸上。灯塔的名字“海克力士”，来源于希腊神话的大力神。海克力士塔是现时西班牙第二高的灯塔，仅次于奇皮奥娜灯塔(Faro de Chipiona)。灯塔建造于古罗马时期，是至今仍然使用的古罗马时期灯塔中历史最悠久的，距今约有1,900年。1791年曾经翻新。

世界遗产委员会评价：
　　建于公元1世纪末，位于西班牙西北部拉科鲁尼亚海港入口，古罗马人建造此塔主要当作灯塔和地标。该塔建于57米高的岩石上，塔高约55米。全塔分成三层，第一层对应着罗马结构的灯塔。紧邻灯塔底座的是一个小的方形罗马建筑。该地区的一大特色是拥有一个雕塑公园，包括铁器时代石雕和穆斯林墓园。此栋古罗马建筑基座于上世纪90年代开始挖掘，自中世纪至19世纪，无数传奇围绕着海克力士塔，而它也是唯一结构与功能保护良好的古希腊罗马时代灯塔。

    The Tower of Hercules has served as a lighthouse and landmark at the entrance of La Coru?a harbour in north-western Spain since the late 1st century A.D. when the Romans built the Farum Brigantium. The Tower, built on a 57 metre high rock, rises a further 55 metres, of which 34 metres correspond to the Roman masonry and 21 meters to the restoration directed by architect Eustaquio Giannini in the 18^th century, who augmented the Roman core with two octagonal forms. Immediately adjacent to the base of the Tower, is a small rectangular Roman building. The site also features a sculpture park, the Monte dos Bicos rock carvings from the Iron Age and a Muslim cemetery. The Roman foundations of the building were revealed in excavations conducted in the 1990s. Many legends from the Middle Ages to the 19th century surround the Tower of Hercules, which is unique as it is the only lighthouse of Greco-Roman antiquity to have retained a measure of structural integrity and functional continuity.