生物通报道,来自西班牙国立癌症研究中心分子癌症项目端粒与端粒酶研究小组,肿瘤抑制研究小组,巴伦西亚大学生理系,马德里Complutense大学动物医学与外科学院的科学家最近通过动物模型实验破解了端粒酶抗衰老的机制,相关的成果发布在11月14日的Cell期刊上。
端粒酶,是基本的核蛋白逆转录酶,可将端粒DNA加至真核细胞染色体末端。端粒在不同物种细胞中对于保持染色体稳定性和细胞活性有重要作用,端粒酶能延长缩短的端粒(缩短的端粒其细胞复制能力受限),从而增强体外细胞的增殖能力。因此,科学家把端粒酶也称为抗衰老的酶。但是,端粒酶抗衰老的机制却一直是个谜,今天西班牙的科学家将拨开重重迷雾,找出端粒酶抗衰老的神奇机制。
为了研究端粒酶的抗衰老功能,研究小组表达了端粒酶的其中一种成分,端粒酶逆转录酶(telomerase reverse transcription, TERT),并将这种基因引入对癌症有耐受力(在小鼠体内高度表达抗癌基因p53,p16和19ARF)的小鼠体内。结果发现,大量表达TERT有助提高上皮细胞的活力,尤其是皮肤细胞和肠细胞,与一般的小鼠相比,可全面地研究小鼠的寿命,延缓小鼠的衰老过程。
这些结果表明,大量表达TERT是提升生命机体抗衰老能力的关键。 您可能感兴趣的生物通精选文章:
原文摘要:Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Delays Aging in Cancer-Resistant Mice 【Summary】 Telomerase confers limitless proliferative potential to most human cells through its ability to elongate telomeres, the natural ends of chromosomes, which otherwise would undergo progressive attrition and eventually compromise cell viability. However, the role of telomerase in organismal aging has remained unaddressed, in part because of the cancer-promoting activity of telomerase. To circumvent this problem, we have constitutively expressed telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), one of the components of telomerase, in mice engineered to be cancer resistant by means of enhanced expression of the tumor suppressors p53, p16, and p19ARF. In this context, TERT overexpression improves the fitness of epithelial barriers, particularly the skin and the intestine, and produces a systemic delay in aging accompanied by extension of the median life span. These results demonstrate that constitutive expression of Tert provides antiaging activity in the context of a mammalian organism. 生物通 张欢 全基因组芯片技术突破基础研究和医学难题 最新文献下载>> >> |
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