高等学校英语应用能力考试（A级）语法考点
测试项目、内容、题型及时间分配表：
序
号
测试项
目
题号测试内容题型
百分
比
时间分
配
Ⅰ
听力理
解
1-15对话、会话、短文
多项选择、填空、简
答
15%15分钟
Ⅱ
语法结
构
16-3
5
句法结构、语法、词形变化
多项选择、填空、改
错
15%15分钟
Ⅲ
阅读理
解
36-6
0
语篇，包括一般性及应用性
文字
多项选择、填空、简
答、匹配
35%40分钟
Ⅳ英译汉
61-6
5
句子和段落多项选择、段落翻译20%25分钟
Ⅴ
写作/
汉译英
应用性文字（摘要、通告、
信函、简历表、申请书、协
议书等）翻译。
套写、书写、填写或
翻译
15%25分钟
合
计
65+1100%120分钟
英语A级语法大全：
第一节大学英语三级考试语法部分简介
一、大纲要求
大学英语三级考试大纲对语法的要求是：进一步加深和扩大中学学过的语法知识，侧重其
在阅读和翻译中的应用。
二、考查范围
三级语法考题的涉及面广。考试范围为《浙江省高等学校英语三级考试大纲》所附结构表
的内容。
在语法结构表中，详细列出了高等专科英语课程教学阶段需要进一步巩固加深的语法项目
，主要涉及如下语法点：限定词、名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、介词、动词、虚拟
语气、非谓语动词、一致关系、句子种类(简单句、并列句和复合句)、强调句型、省略、
倒装、构词法和标点等十七个方面。本书逐一介绍各类试题的设计特点(题型)及解题技巧
。
在大学英语三级考试中，虽然题目千变万化，但是万变不离其宗，只要仔细分析，就
会发现这些题目其实基本上都是时态、形容词与副词、名问、一致关系和虚拟语气、非谓
语动词、倒装句、复合句(连接手段)的各种变化形式。本书在逐一介绍各类试题的设计特
点(题型)及解题技巧的同时，还侧重对上述几类语法变化形式在历届真题中的考点作详细
分析。
语法测试项目所占比例
复合句(主语从句、定语从句、状语从句)21％
虚拟语气8．3％
时态和语态10．8％
非谓语动词(分词、动名词、不定式)23．3％
一致关系2．5％
倒装句6．7％
形容词与副词5．8％
强调2．5％
名词和限定词2．5％
倍数1．7％
省略0．8％
情态动词2．5％
反意疑问句0．8％
代词5％
介词0．8％
最常考点：非谓语动词，虚拟语气，名词性从句，倒装句（部倒），时态，词形转换
非谓语动词：
近几年的语法测试中非谓语动词约占31。1%，平均每年近5道题，可谓是语法项目考查的
重点，那么非谓语动词的考查都有哪些特点，解答时又应注意些什么呢?下面我和大家就
一起来分析一下：
1、非谓语动词考查特点
1)谓语动词与非谓语动词的判断
对谓语动词与非谓语动词区别的考查主要集中在独立主格结构，如：
allthings___becauseofthesnowstorm，manypassengerscoulddonothingbut
takethetrain。
a。hadbeencanceledb。havebeencanceled
c。werecanceledd。havingbeencanceled
四个选项中有三个是谓语动词，只有d是非谓语动词，只要同学们能判断出这里是非谓语
动词做状语，则不用考虑时态的问题，答案自明。
2)谓语动词后不定式与动名词的选择
谓语动词后接不定式还是接动名词也是四级语法测试中的一个题眼。如：
①idon‘tmind____thedecisionaslongasitisnottoolate。
a。youtodelaymakingb。youdelavingmaking
c。yourdelayingtomaked。youdelaytomake
②hadiremembered____thewindows，thethiefwouldnothavegotin。
a。tocloseb。closing
c。tohaveclosedd。havingclosed
③yourhairwants______。you‘dbetterhaveitdonetomorrow。
a。cutb。tocutc。cuttingd。beingcut(1997。6)
这类题涉及三个方面：
谓语动词后应该接不定式还是动名词?
即可接不定式又可接动名词时，结构和意思上有何差别?
不定式与动名词用主动形式还是用被动形式?
3)做定语的非谓语动词的选择
从近几年的考查情况来看，对做定语的非谓语动词的考查有两种情况：
(1)对一般概念的考查，而不是固定结构中的非谓语动词做定语。如：
①theproject____bytheendof2000，willexpandthecity‘s
telephonenetworktocover1，000，000users。
a。accomplishedb。beingaccomplished
c。tobeaccomplishedd。havingbeenaccomplished
②ificorrectsomeone，iwilldoitwithsomuchgoodhumd
andself-restraintasifiweretheone______。
a。tocorrectb。correcting
c。havingbeencorrectedd。beingcorrected
同学们只要掌握非谓语动词作定语的一般的规律，就可以判断①题答案为c，②题答案为d
。
(2)对固定结构的考查，如：
①theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_____his
argumentsinfavorofthenewtheory。
a。tobebasedonb。tobaseon
c。whichtobaseond。onwhichtobase
②thepressure_____causesamericanstobeenergetic，butit
alsoputsthemunderaconstantemotionalstrain。
a。tocompeteb。competing
c。tobecompetedd。havingcompeted
①题为不定式做定语的固定形式，答案为d，②题为某些特定名词的定语结构，答案为a。
在英语中有些名词，如动词变来的名词，形容词变来的名词，以及means，way，time，
moment，reason等要求其后用不定式做定语，不定式没有体的变化。
4)做状语的非谓语动词的选择
做状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的选择，如：
①______theearthtobeflat，manyfearedthatcolumbuswouldfallofftheedgeof
theearth。
a。havingbelievedb。believingc。believedd。beingbelieved
②_______ateacherinauniversity，itisnecessarytohaveatleastamaster‘s
degree。
a。tobecomeb。becomec。onebecomesd。onbecoming
③realizingthathehadn‘tenoughmoneyand____toborrowfromhisfather，he
decidedtosellhiswatch。
a。notwantedb。notowantc。notwantingd。wantingnot
④___itornot，hisdiscoveryhascreatedastirinscientificcircles。
a。believeb。tobelievec。believingd。believed
从以上各题来看，考查的侧重点有：
(1)状语类别的判断
不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同，目的状语要求用不定式，如②。
(2)非谓语动词与句子属于之间的逻辑关系
根据主谓关系或动宾关系的不同来确定用现在分词还是用过去分词。
(3)非谓语动词的否定形式
not否定非谓语动词时置于非谓语动词之前，如③。
(4)独立成分
有些非谓语动词的使用不受与主语关系的限制，称为独立成分，这类成
分只记忆即可。如：
generallyspeaking，judgingfrom……，totellthetruth……，等
虚拟语气：
一．虚拟语气
1.if句中虚拟形式
if引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：
条件从句主句
与现在相反did(bewere)would/should/might/coulddo
与将来相反did(bewere)would/should/might/coulddo
与过去相反haddonewould/should/might/couldhavedone
例句
Ifweleft(leave)now,weshouldarriveintime.
Iftheyhadn’tgoneonvacation,theirhousewouldn’thavebeenbroken(break)into.
2.原形虚拟：
a.表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。
suggest,demand,advise,propose,order,arrange,insist,command,require,request,desire
……that＋(should)do
例如Hesuggestedthatweshouldleaveearly.
Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellhim.
b.Itis(was)形容词/名词that……(should)do/
例如Itisabsolutelyessentialthatallthefactsbeexaminedfirst.
3.一些句型中的虚拟形式：
1.It’s(high,about,thefirst,etc.)time(that)…动词过去时…
例如It’stimeweleft.例如Itistimewewenttobed.
2wouldrather/sooner宁愿
asif/though好像
wouldrather/sooner谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反
asif/though谓语用过去完成时与过去相反
练习
1.I_______tryitagainifI_______you.
A.will；amB.should；amC.would；wereD.would；hadbeen
2.Ifit_______notforthewater，theplants_______live.
A.were；wouldnotB.is；couldnotC.were；couldD.did；couldnot
3.IfI_______thatchancetoshowmyability,I_______thepresidentofthisschool.
A.havenothad；couldnotbecomeB.hadnothad；wouldnothavebecome
C.didnothave；couldnotbecomeD.doesn’thave；willnotbecome
4.He_______bythatburglarifyou_______tosavehim.
A.mighthavebeenkilled；hadn’tcomeB.willbekilled；didn’tcome
C.maybekilled；did’tcomeD.couldbekilled；haven’tcome
5.Ifit_______foryourhelp，I_______thathardtimewithsolittlemoney.
A.werenot；wouldnotspendB.isnot；cannotspend
C.hadnotbeen；wouldnothavespentD.havenotbeen；willnotspend
6.Where_______yougoifwar_______?
A.will；breaksoutB.do；willbreakout
C.would；weretobreakoutD.will；istobreakout
7.Shewishesshe_______thathumiliatingthing.
A.doesn’tdoB.didn’tdoC.haven’tdoneD.hadn’tdone
8.Thechairmansuggestedthatthemeeting_______putoff.
A.canbeB.beC.isD.willbe
9.Itisvitalthathe_______immediately.
A.shouldgoB.mustgoC.goesD.went
10.Itistimewe_______doourhomework.
A.begintoB.canbegintoC.begantoD.willbeginto
答案：
1.选C。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设)(译文;如果我是你，我会再试一次)
2选A。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设)。(译文：要是没有水，植物就不能存活
。)
3.选B。表示与过去事实相反的假设。
4A。表示与过去事实相反的假设。(译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼杀了。)
5.
C。与过去事实相反的假设。(译：要没有你帮忙，我那点儿钱是无法度过那段艰苦岁月的
。)
6.选C。表示与将来事实相反的假设。(译文：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪儿去？)
7.选D。虚拟语气用于宾语从句。(译文：她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。)
8.选B。虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。(译文：主席建议会议延期举行。)
9.选A。虚拟语气用于主语从句(Itis／was+形容词+that引导的分句)。
10.选C。虚拟语气用于定语从句Itistime(that)...句型。(译文：我们该开始做作业了。)
二．动词的时态
1.各个时态动词基本变形
一般现在时
be(is,am,are)
do/does
现在进行时
be(is/am/are)+doing
现在完成时
have/hasdone
现在完成进行时
have/hasbeendoing
一般过去时
was/were
did
过去进行时
was/weredoing
过去完成时
haddone
过去完成进行时
hadbeendoing
一般将来时
willdo
将来进行时
willdo
将来完成
willhavedone
将来完成进行时
willhavebeendoing
一般过去将来时
woulddo
过去将来进行时
wouldbedoing
过去将来完成时
wouldhavedone
过去将来完成进行时
wouldhavebeendoing
2.时间状语与动词时态的搭配
一定的时态往往和一定的时间状语连用。
always,usually,sometimes,一般现在时do/doesamisare
lastweek,yesterday,afewdaysago一般过去时didwas/were
nextweek,tomorrow,inaweek,thisyear一般将来时willdo
now,atpresent,atthismoment现在进行时be+doing
sofar,uptonow,bythetime,since的主句现在完成时has/havedone
3.练习，用动词的适当形式填空
1.He_______(be)eighteennextyear.
2.It_______(rain)everydaysofarthismonth.
3.Mozart_______(write)morethan600piecesofmusic.
4.Ifit_______(rain)tomorrow，we’llhavetostayathome.
5.Howfast_______he_______(drive)whentheaccidenthappened?
6.BythetimeMr.Smithleftschool，he_______(teach)thatcoursefortwenty-fiveyears.
7.Perhapshe_______(finish)readingthebookbythistimetomorrow.
1.填willbe。nextyear为表示将来时态的时间状语
2.填hasrained。sofar是“到目前为止”的意思，常和现在完成时搭配使用。
3.填wrote。Mozart(莫扎特)是已去世的音乐家，故应使用过去时。
4.填rains。在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情。
5.填was...driving。表示过去某一时刻发生的动作要用过去进行时。
6.填hadtaught。句中有bythetimeMr.Smithleftschool，主语的谓语应用过去完成时。
7.填willhavefinished。句中有bythistimetomorrow，主语的谓语应用将来完成时。
三动词的被动语态
1.各个时态的被动语态
时态一般现在
时
现在进行
时
一般过
去时
过去进
行时
一般将
来时
过去将
来时
现在完
成时
过去完
成时
现在完
成进行
时
将来完成时
主动doam/is/are
doing
didwas/
were
doing
will
do
would
do
has/
have
done
had
done
has/
have
been
doing
willhavedone
被动am/is/are
done
am/is/are
being
done
was/
were
done
was/
were
being
done
willbe
done
would
be
done
has/
have
been
done
had
been
done
willhavebeen
done
1.Theconstructionofthelibrary_______beforetheendofnextmonth.
A.musthavecompletedB.musthavebeencompleted
C.mustbecompletedD.mustcomplete
2.Thesubjectoftheselectures_______bythelecturecommittee.
A.announcesB.havebeenannounced
C.announcedD.hasbeenannounced
3.Mypictures_______untilnextweek.
A.won’tdevelopB.aren’tdeveloping
C.don’tdevelopD.won’tbedeveloped
4.They_______sothatwewouldn’trecognizethem.
A.costumedB.disguisedC.weredisguisingD.weredisguised
5.Alltheapparatus(器械)_______beforetheexperimentbegan.
A.hadbeenpreparedB.werepreparedC.hadbeenpreparedD.hadprepared
6.Theworld’ssuppliesofcopper_______.
A.havebeengraduallybeingexhaustedB.hasgraduallyexhausted
C.aregraduallyexhaustedD.arebeinggraduallyexhausted
7.Thegoods_______whenwearrivedattheairport.
A.werejustunloadingB.werejustbeingunloaded
C.hadjustunloadedD.werejustbeenunloaded
8.Tom_______thebeststudentinhisclass.
A.regardsB.regardsasC.hasregardedasD.isregardedas
9.Thesportsmeeting_______becauseofthebadweather.
A.putoffB.wasputoffC.wasputtedoffD.hasputoff
1.C。情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词+be+done。(译：到下月底图书馆的修建必须完工)
2.D现在完成时的被动语态为：havebeen+done(译：讲座的课题已由讲座委员会宣布了。)
3.D。一般将来时的被动语态为：willbe+done，其否定形式为：willnotbe+done
4.D一般过去时的被动语态为was/were+过去分词(译:为了不让我们认出来,他们伪装了起来)
5.C。过去完成时的被动语态的构成为：hadbeen+过去分词。
6.D现在进行时的被动语态为：are/is/am
being+过去分词。(译:世界的铜资源正逐渐被耗尽)
7.B。过去进行时的被动语态为：was／were
being+过去分词。(译:我们到机场时正在卸货物。)
8.D。(译文：汤姆被认为是班里最好的学生。)
9.B。(译文：运动会因天气不好被取消了。)
四定语从句
1.定语从句（Attributive
Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定
语从句通常紧跟在先行词后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。
关系副词有：when,where,why等。
例题：TheSocialSecurityRetirementProgramismadeupoftwotrustfunds，_______couldgo
pennilessbynextyear.
A.thelargeoneB.thelargerofwhich
C.thelargestoneD.thelargestofwhich
选B。因为前面有two，所以不能选D，A没有连接手段，也不能选。
三级试题中定语从句的考题：
1、Itriedtogetofthebusiness_____Ifoundimpossibletocarryon.
A)whyB)whichC)whatD)where
2、OncemoreIhavetoleaveBeijing,_____Ihavebeenlivingforeightyears.
A)thatB)whereC)whichD)as
3、Thisbookisdesignedfortheleaners_____nativelanguagesarenotEnglish.
A)whoseB)whichC)whoD)what
4、Shegottoknowtheyoungmanverywell_____shehadworkedforsolong.
A)towhomB)inwhomC)whomD)withwhom
5、Thehotel_____duringthevacationwasratherpoorlymanaged.
A)asIstayedB)whereIstayedC)whichIstayedD)whatIstayed
6、TherearesomanydressestherethatIreallydon’tknow____tochoose.
A)whetherB)whenC)whichD)why
7、IthinkthatAnnais_____farthemostactivememberinourgroup.
A)withB)atC)asD)by
五．倒装
1.当only放在句首，表示强调时，要用倒装
例：Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvethisproblem.
只有用这种方法，你才可以解决这个问题。
OnlyyesterdaydidIfinishthebook.到昨天我才读完那本书。
2.
具有否定意义的副词或词组用于句首，要用倒装，助动词，情态动词放主语之前。常见的
否定词有：never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,notuntil,bynomeans,notonly,neither,no
sooner,hardly等。
例句：NevershallIforgetthedayswhenyouwerewithus.
1、Olnywhenwehadfinishedallthework_____thatitwastoolatetotakeabushome.
A)didwerealizeB)informingC)informedD)toinform
2、Notuntilthedaybeforeyesterday_____togiveaspeechatthemeeting.
A)heagreedB)doesheagreeC)heagreesD)didheagree
3、Young_____heis,hehasprovedtobeanablesalesman.
A)thatB)whoC)asD)which
4、Notuntilyesterday_____anythingabouttheprojectthatwillbecompletedsoon.
A)didIlearnB)haveIlearntC)IlearntD)thatIlearnt
5、Heisusedtoflyingbyairandonnooccasion_____frightened.
A)hehaseverfeltB)heeverfeelsC)everdoeshefeelD)hasheeverfelt
6、So_____aftershelearnedthegoodnewsthatshecouldhardlyfallasleepthatnight.
A)excitedthemotherwasB)wasthemotherexcited
C)themotherwasexcitedD)excitedwasthemother
7、Soloudly_____thatpeoplecouldhearitoutinthestreet.
A)didthestudentsplaythemusicB)thestudentsplayingthemusic
C)thestudentsplayedthemusicD)havethestudentsplayedthemusic
六．it的用法
1.it作形式主语或者形式宾语
ItisnecessaryforustolearnEnglish.it这里指代tolearnEnglish
Itwasnotveryclearwhatshemeant.it这里指代whatshemeant
2.it在强调句型
强调句型的结构为：Itis/was+被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分
练习1.ItwasonlywhenIreadhispoemsrecently_______Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.
A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so
选B。强调句型强调when引导的时间状语从句。
2.Itwasabout600yearsago_______thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.
A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when
选A。强调句型强调时间状语。
七．形容词比较级比较级最高级
1.不规则变法good/wellbetterbest
badworseworst
many/muchmoremost
littlelessleast
2.形容词比较级结构
(1)形容词+than例句：Realfriendshipismorevaluablethanmoney.(2)the
+形容词比较级，the+形容词比较级例句：ThemoremedicineItake,theworseIfeel.
词组：
1(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listento、lookat(感官动词)+doeg:Ilike
watchingmonkeysjump
2（比较级and比较级）表示越来越怎么样
3apieceofcake=easy小菜一碟（容易）4agreewithsb赞成某人
5allkindsof各种各样akindof一样6allovertheworld=thewholeworld整个世界
7alongwith同……一道，伴随……eg:Iwillgoalongwithyou我将和你一起去
thestudentsplantedtreesalongwiththeirteachers学生同老师们一起种树
8Assoonas一怎么样就怎么样9asyoucansee你是知道的
10askfor……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg:askyouformybook
11asksbforsth向某人什么
12asksbtodosth询问某人某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事
13attheageof在……岁时eg：IamsixteenIamattheageofsixteen
14atthebeginningof…………的起初；……的开始
15attheendof+地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg:Attheendoftheday
16atthistimeofyear在每年的这个时候
17be/feelconfidentofsth/thatclause+从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信
eg:Iam/feelconfidentofmyspokenEnglishIfeelthatIcanpassthetest
18be+doing表：1现在进行时2将来时
19beableto(+v原)=can(+v原）能够……eg:SheisabletosingShecansing
20beabletodosth能够干什么eg:sheisabletosing
21beafraidtodo(ofsth恐惧，害怕……eg:I''mafraedtogooutatnightI''mafraidof
dog
22beallowedtodo被允许做什么
eg:I''mallowedtowatchTV我被允许看电视IshouldbeallowedtowatchTV
我应该被允许看电视
23beangrywithsb生某人的气eg:Don''tbeangrywithme
24beangrywith(at)sbfordoingsth为什么而生某人的气
25beas…原级…as和什么一样eg:Sheisastallasme她和我一样高
26beashamedto27beawayfrom远离28beawayfrom从……离开
29bebadfor对什么有害eg:Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes
在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好
30beborn出生于31bebusydoingsth忙于做什么事bebusywithsth忙于……
32becareful当心；小心33bedifferentfrom……和什么不一样
34befamousfor以……著名35befriendlytosb对某人友好
36befrom=comefrom来自eg：HeisfromBejingHecomesfromBejingIshefrom
Bejing?DoeshecomefromBejing?
37befullof装满……的befilledwith充满eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilled
withwater
38beglad+to+do/从句39begoingto+v(原）将来时
40begoodat(+doing)=dowellin在某方面善长,善于……
41begoodfor对什么有好处eg:ReadingaloudisgoodforyourEnglish
42behappytodo很高兴做某事
43behelpfultosb对某人有好处
eg:Readingaloudishelpfultoyou大声朗读对你有好处
Exercisingishelpfultoyourbady锻炼对你的身体有好处
44beingoodhealth身体健康
45beintrouble处于困难中eg:SheisintroubleTheyareintronble
46beinterestedin对某方面感兴趣
47belatefor=comelateto迟到eg:Belateforclass上课迟到
48belike像……eg:I''mlikemymother
49bemadat生某人的气
50bemadefrom由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)
51bemadeof由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52benotsure表不确定
53beonavisitto参观54bepopularwithsb受某人欢迎
55bequiet安静56beshortfor表的缩写eg:陶isshortfor陶俊杰
57besickinbed生病在床58besorrytodosthbesorryforsbeg:Iamsorryforyou
59besorrytohearthat60besorrytotroublesbeg:Iamsorrytotroubleyou
61bestrictindoingsth严于做某事eg:He''sstrictinobeyingnoles
62bestrictwithsb对某人要求严格eg:Somestudentsarenotstrictwiththemselves
这些学生对自己不严格
63bestrictwithsbinsth某方面对某人严格64besupposedtodo被要求干什么
65besure表确定66besureofdoingsth对做某事有信心eg:HeissureofwinningIam
sureoflearningEnglishwell
67besureofsth对做某事有信心eg:I''msureofmyhead(myteacher
我相信我的大脑（老师）
68besurethatsth对做某事有信心eg:I''msuerthathecanpassthetest
我相信他能通过考试
69besuretodosth一定会做某事eg:Wearesuretopassthetest
我们一定会通过这次考试WearesuretolearnEnglishwell我们一定能学好英语
70beterrifiedof+名/动doing害怕……71beterrifiedtodosth害怕做某事
72bethesameas…和什么一样73beusedtodoingsth习惯做某事
eg:Myfatherisusedtogettingupearly我爸爸习惯早Heisusedtosleepinginclass
他习惯上课睡觉
74beworthdoing值得做什么75be(feel)afraidtodosth害怕做某事beafraidofsth
害怕某物beafraidthat丛句
76because+句子becauseof+短语
eg:HewaslatebecausehehadaheadacheHewaslatebecauseofhisheadache
77begintodo=starttodo开始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以什么开始什么
eg:Let''sbeginthegamewiththesongIbegintogohome
78between…and…两者之间
79borrowsthfromsb向……借……lendsthtosb(lendsbsth借给……什么东西
eg:Iborrowedapenfromhimhelentapentome(helentmeapen
80both=thesame(as)=notdifferent(from)表相同
81bother打扰bothersbtodosth
eg:I''msorrytobotheryou,butcanyoutellmetowaytothestation
我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站
theproblemhasbeenbotheringmeforweeks这个问题困扰了我几个周了
He''sbotheringmetolendhimmoney
82bytheendof到……为止83callsbstheg:Wecallhimoldwang
84care关心eg:Don''tyoucareaboutthiscountry''sfuture?你为什么不关心国家的未来
85catchupwithsb赶上某人86chatwithsb和某人闲谈takesbto+地点带某人去某地
87comein进88comeoverto过来
89comeupwith提出eg:Canyoucomeupwithagoodidea你能想出一个好办法吗？
90communicatewithsb和某人交流
91consider+doing考虑做什么eg:Whynotconsidergoingtoluzhou
为什么不考虑去泸州？
92danceto随着……跳舞eg:Shelikesdancingtothemusic她喜欢随着音乐跳舞
93decidetodosth决定做某事94doasurveyof做某方面的调查95dobetterin
在……方面做得更好
96dowrong做错97Don''tforgettodosth不要忘了做某事98Don''tmind+doing/从句
/名词不要介意……
99each+名（单）每一个…eg:Eachstudenthasmanybooks每一个学生都有一些书
100endup+doing101enjoy+doing喜欢102escapefrom从……逃跑eg:Theprisoners
haveescapedfromtheprison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103expecttodosth期待做某事
104falldown摔下来falloff从哪摔下来105fallinlovewithsb/sth爱上什么
106farfrom离某地远eg:Theschoolisfarfrommyhome107find+it+adj+todo
发现做某事怎么样
108findsb/sth+adj发现什么怎么样eg:Ifindthebookinteresting109finish
完成+doing（名词）
110fittosb=befitforsb适合某人111forgettodo没有做而忘了forgetdoing
做了而又忘了eg:Don''tforgettogohomeIforgetclosingdoor112from…to…
从某某到某某eg:Frommeforher
113get/havesthdown做完，被（别人）做…eg:Ihavemyhaircut
我理了发(头发被剪了）
Tomgothisbadtoothpulledout汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）
114getapart-timejob=findapart-timejob115getalongwellwithsb=getonwellwith
sb与某人相处得好
116getalongwithsb=getonwithsb与某人相处117getreadyfor=beready
for为什么而准备eg:IgetreadyformathIamreadyformath118getsbintotrouble
给某人麻119getsbtodosth
120get…from…从某处得到某物121giveatalk做报告eg:Heisgiveatall
122givesthtosbgivesbsth给某人某物123gofish钓鱼goswimming游泳
124goontodo去做下一件事goondoing继续做这件事125gooutawayfromgooutof
126gotoschool上学（用于专业的）gototheschool去学校（不一定是上学）127good
wayto好方法
128hatetodo讨厌没做过的事hatedoing讨厌做过的事
129haveapartyforsb举办谁的晚会130haveatalk听报告谈一谈
131havebeendoing现在完成进行时eg:YouhavebeentalkingYouhavebeen
sleepingsince
132havebeento…(地方）……去过某过地方havegoneto…（地方）
去了某地还没回来
133havefun+doing玩得高兴134havesthtodo有什么事要做
eg:Ihavealotofhomeworktodo我有很多家庭作业要做Ihavenothingtodo
我没什么事情做
135havetodosth必须做某事
136havetrouble(problem)(in)doingsth做什么事情有麻烦
137have…time+doing
138have…(时间)…off放……假eg:Ihavemonthoff我请一个月得假
139hearsb+do/doing听见某人做某事/正在做某事
140helpalot很大用处
141helpsbwithsth\one''ssth帮助某人某事（某方面）helpsb(to)dosth
帮助某人做某事
142hopetodosth希望做某事
143Howabout(+doing)=Whatabout(+doing)
144howdoyoulike=whatdoyouthinkof你对什么的看法
145if:是否＝wether
eg:Idon''tknowif(wether)Ishouldgototheparty我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会
Hedon''tknowif(wether)wewillarriveontimetomorrowmorning
他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达
146if:如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句
eg:I''llgotoLuZhouifitdoes''train假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州
Iftheychangetheplantheywillletmeknow假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的
I''llgotoEngland,ifIhaveenoughmoneynextyear
如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国
147inone''sopinion=sbthink某人认为
148insomeways在某些方面
149intheend=finally(adv)最后
150inthenorthof…什么在什么的北方（north北sowth南west西east东）
词形转换
词形变换归纳
一、动词→名词
01.accept→acceptance
02.appear→appearance
03.defend→defense
04.depend→dependence
05.dominate→dominance
06.emerge→emergence
07.endure→endurance
08.govern→governance
09.independ→independence
10.insist→insistence
11.maintain→maintenance
12.neglect→negligence
13.obey→obedience
14.offend→offense
15.persist→persistence
16.resist→resistance
17.analyze→analysis
18.base→basis
19.emphasize→emphasis
20.advise→advice
21.choose→choice
22.practise→practice
23.approve→approval
24.arrive→arrival
25.propose→proposal
26.believe→belief
27.prove→proof
28.bathe→bath
29.breathe→breath
30.die→death
31.grow→growth
32.heal→health
33.accomplish→accomplishment
34.achieve→achievement
35.advance→advancement
36.advertise→advertisement
37.agree→agreement
38.amaze→amazement
39.amuse→amusement
40.announce→announcement
41.appoint→appointment
42.argue→argument
43.astonish→astonishment
44.develop→development
45.disappoint→disappointment
46.employ→employment
47.encourage→encouragement
48.enjoy→enjoyment
49.enroll→enrollment
50.govern→government
51.improve→improvement
52.invest→investment
53.judge→judg(e)ment
54.manage→management
55.move→movement
56.state→statement
57.treat→treatment
58.act→action
59.add→addition
60.apply→application
61.assume→assumption
62.celebrate→celebration
63.construct→construction
64.consume→consumption
65.contribute→contribution
66.cooperate→cooperation
67.describe→description
68.devote→devotion
69.educate→education
70.explain→explanation
71.found→foundation
72.graduate→graduation
73.imagine→imagination
74.imply→implication
75.indicate→indication
76.inform→information
77.intend→intention
78.invite→invitation
79.isolate→isolation
80.liberate→liberation
81.limit→limitation
82.occupy→occupation
83.operate→operation
84.oppose→opposition
85.organize→organization
86.prepare→preparation
87.produce→production
88.pronounce→pronunciation
89.realize→realization
90.relax→relaxation
91.satisfy→satisfaction
92.separate→separation
93.suggest→suggestion
94.tempt→temptation
95.translate→translation
96.conclude→conclusion
97.confuse→confusion
98.decide→decision
99.discuss→discussion
100.exclude→exclusion
101.express→expression
102.impress→impression
103.include→inclusion
104.oppress→oppression
105.permit→permission
106.possess→possession
107.proceed→procession
108.build→building
109.mean→meaning
110.discover→discovery
111.recover→recovery
112.behave→behavior
113.fail→failure
114.forgive→forgiveness
115.identify→identity
116.know→knowledge
117.major→majority
118.marry→marriage
119.pass→passage
120.press→pressure
121.speak→speech
122.succeed→success
123.urge→urgency
124.vary→variety
125.weigh→weight
二、形容词→动词
01.able→enable
02.rich→enrich
03.sure→ensure
04.long→lengthen
05.strong→strengthen
06.high→heighten
07.broad→broaden
08.soft→soften
09.weak→weaken
10.wide→widen
三、名词→形容词
01.anger→angry
02.cloud→cloudy
03.dirt→dirty
04.friend→friendly
05.fun→funny
06.heart→hearty
07.hunger→hungry
08.health→healthy
09.luck→lucky
10.noise→noisy
11.rain→rainy
12.salt→salty
13.sleep→sleepy
14.snow→snowy
15.sun→sunny
16.taste→tasty
17.time→timely
18.wind→windy
19.worth→worthy
20.beauty→beautiful
21.care→careful
22.colo(u)r→colo(u)rful
23.dread→dreadful
24.fear→fearful
25.harm→harmful
26.help→helpful
27.joy→joyful
28.law→lawful
29.power→powerful
30.success→successful
31.thank→thankful
32.use→useful
33.wonder→wonderful
34.youth→youthful
35.anxiety→anxious
36.danger→dangerous
37.glory→glorious
38.mountain→mountainous
39.mystery→mysterious
40.nerve→nervous
41.poison→poisonous
42.atom→atomic
43.basis→basic
44.class→classic/classical
45.economy→economic/economical
46.electron→electronic
47.history→historic/historical
48.scene→scenic
49.science→scientific
50.accident→accidental
51.benefit→beneficial
52.biology→biological
53.chemistry→chemical
54.digit→digital
55.education→educational
56.globe→global
57.habit→habitual
58.industry→industrial
59.logic→logical
60.nation→national
61.nature→natural
62.occasion→occasional
63.person→personal
64.ration→rational
65.region→regional
66.season→seasonal
67.society→social/sociable
68.technology→technological
69.tradition→traditional
70.activity→active
71.effect→effective
72.defense→defensive
73.difference→different
74.intelligence→intelligent
75.ability→able
76.capability→capable
77.hono(u)r→hono(u)rable
78.horror→horrible
79.reason→reasonable
80.value→valuable
81.fool→foolish
82.fortune→fortunate
83.wool→woolen
84.amazement→amazing/amazed
85.astonishment→astonishing/astonished
86.depression→depressing/depressed
87.excitement→exciting/excited
88.interest→interesting/interested
89.surprise→surprising/surprised
90.pleasure→pleasing/pleased
四、形容词→名词
01.active→activity
02.brave→bravery
03.careful→carefulness
04.careless→carelessness
05.cautious→caution
06.cruel→cruelty
07.dark→darkness
08.deep→depth
09.difficult→difficulty
10.free→freedom
11.high→height
12.happy→happiness
13.ill→illness
14.long→length
15.real→reality
16.sad→sadness
17.safe→safety
18.strong→strength
19.true→truth
20.wide→width
五、动词→名词（表示人）
01.act→actor/actress
02.wait→waiter/waitress
03.employ→employer/employee
04.interview→interviewer/interviewee
05.train→trainer/trainee
06.advise→adviser
07.analyze→analyst
08.apply→applicant
09.assist→assistant
10.build→builder
11.clean→cleaner
12.collect→collector
13.create→creator
14.dance→dancer
15.detect→detective
16.discover→discoverer
17.direct→director
18.drive→driver
19.edit→editor
20.educate→educator
21.farm→farmer
22.invent→inventor
23.invest→investor
24.learn→learner
25.manage→manager
26.organize→organizer
27.participate→participant
28.play→player
29.produce→producer
30.run→runner
31.serve→servant
32.sing→singer
33.speak→speaker
34.swim→swimmer
35.teach→teacher
36.translate→translator
37.travel→traveler
38.type→typist
39.visit→visitor
40.win→winner
六、名词单、复数（特殊）
01.datum→data
02.medium→media
03.phenomenon→phenomena
04.belief→beliefs
05.chief→chiefs
06.roof→roofs
07.proof→proofs
08.key→keys
09.toy→toys
10.German→Germans
11.hero→heroes
12.Negro→Negroes
13.potato→potatoes
14.tomato→tomatoes
15.foot→feet
16.tooth→teeth
17.mouse→mice
18.child→children
19.means→means
20.sheep→sheep
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