|
下面的代码主要介绍如何使用Windows API函数及内置的VBA函数查找和列出文件。当然，VBA也包含了用于查找和列出文件的Application.FileSearch对象。
方法1：使用Windows API
步骤1 在VBE中，插入一个标准模块，并输入下面的代码：
Declare Function FindFirstFile Lib "kernel32" Alias _
"FindFirstFileA" (ByVal lpFileName As String, lpFindFileData _
As WIN32_FIND_DATA) As Long
Declare Function FindNextFile Lib "kernel32" Alias "FindNextFileA" _
(ByVal hFindFile As Long, lpFindFileData As WIN32_FIND_DATA) As Long
Declare Function GetFileAttributes Lib "kernel32" Alias _
"GetFileAttributesA" (ByVal lpFileName As String) As Long
Declare Function FindClose Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hFindFile As Long) _
As Long
Declare Function FileTimeToLocalFileTime Lib "kernel32" _
(lpFileTime As FILETIME, lpLocalFileTime As FILETIME) As Long
Declare Function FileTimeToSystemTime Lib "kernel32" _
(lpFileTime As FILETIME, lpSystemTime As SYSTEMTIME) As Long
Public Const MAX_PATH = 260
Public Const MAXDWORD = &HFFFF
Public Const INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1
Public Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE = &H20
Public Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY = &H10
Public Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN = &H2
Public Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = &H80
Public Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY = &H1
Public Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM = &H4
Public Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY = &H100
Type FILETIME
dwLowDateTime As Long
dwHighDateTime As Long
End Type
Type WIN32_FIND_DATA
dwFileAttributes As Long
ftCreationTime As FILETIME
ftLastAccessTime As FILETIME
ftLastWriteTime As FILETIME
nFileSizeHigh As Long
nFileSizeLow As Long
dwReserved0 As Long
dwReserved1 As Long
cFileName As String * MAX_PATH
cAlternate As String * 14
End Type
Type SYSTEMTIME
wYear As Integer
wMonth As Integer
wDayOfWeek As Integer
wDay As Integer
wHour As Integer
wMinute As Integer
wSecond As Integer
wMilliseconds As Integer
End Type
Public Function StripNulls(OriginalStr As String) As String
If (InStr(OriginalStr, Chr(0)) > 0) Then
OriginalStr = Left(OriginalStr, _
InStr(OriginalStr, Chr(0)) - 1)
End If
StripNulls = OriginalStr
End Function |
步骤2 在VBE中插入一个用户窗体，如下图所示。
如图所示，在用户窗体中，放置4个文本框（分别名为TextBox1、TextBox2、TextBox3、TextBox4），1个命令按钮（名为CommandButton1），1个列表框（名为ListBox1）。
步骤3 在用户窗体代码模块中，添加下列代码：
Function FindFilesAPI(path As String, SearchStr As String, _
FileCount As Integer, DirCount As Integer)
Dim FileName As String ' Walking filename variable...
Dim DirName As String ' SubDirectory Name
Dim dirNames() As String ' Buffer for directory name entries
Dim nDir As Integer ' Number of directories in this path
Dim i As Integer ' For-loop counter...
Dim hSearch As Long ' Search Handle
Dim WFD As WIN32_FIND_DATA
Dim Cont As Integer
Dim FT As FILETIME
Dim ST As SYSTEMTIME
Dim DateCStr As String, DateMStr As String
If Right(path, 1) <> "\" Then path = path & "\"
' Search for subdirectories.
nDir = 0
ReDim dirNames(nDir)
Cont = True
hSearch = FindFirstFile(path & "*", WFD)
If hSearch <> INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE Then
Do While Cont
DirName = StripNulls(WFD.cFileName)
' Ignore the current and encompassing directories.
If (DirName <> ".") And (DirName <> "..") Then
' Check for directory with bitwise comparison.
If GetFileAttributes(path & DirName) And _
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY Then
dirNames(nDir) = DirName
DirCount = DirCount + 1
nDir = nDir + 1
ReDim Preserve dirNames(nDir)
' Uncomment the next line to list directories
'List1.AddItem path & FileName
End If
End If
Cont = FindNextFile(hSearch, WFD) ' Get next subdirectory.
Loop
Cont = FindClose(hSearch)
End If
' Walk through this directory and sum file sizes.
hSearch = FindFirstFile(path & SearchStr, WFD)
Cont = True
If hSearch <> INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE Then
While Cont
FileName = StripNulls(WFD.cFileName)
If (FileName <> ".") And (FileName <> "..") And _
((GetFileAttributes(path & FileName) And _
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) <> FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) Then
FindFilesAPI = FindFilesAPI + (WFD.nFileSizeHigh * _
MAXDWORD) + WFD.nFileSizeLow
FileCount = FileCount + 1
' To list files w/o dates, uncomment the next line
' and remove or Comment the lines down to End If
'List1.AddItem path & FileName
' Include Creation date...
FileTimeToLocalFileTime WFD.ftCreationTime, FT
FileTimeToSystemTime FT, ST
DateCStr = ST.wMonth & "/" & ST.wDay & "/" & ST.wYear & _
" " & ST.wHour & ":" & ST.wMinute & ":" & ST.wSecond
' and Last Modified Date
FileTimeToLocalFileTime WFD.ftLastWriteTime, FT
FileTimeToSystemTime FT, ST
DateMStr = ST.wMonth & "/" & ST.wDay & "/" & ST.wYear & _
" " & ST.wHour & ":" & ST.wMinute & ":" & ST.wSecond
ListBox1.AddItem path & FileName & vbTab & _
Format(DateCStr, "mm/dd/yyyy hh:nn:ss") _
& vbTab & Format(DateMStr, "mm/dd/yyyy hh:nn:ss")
End If
Cont = FindNextFile(hSearch, WFD) ' Get next file
Wend
Cont = FindClose(hSearch)
End If
' If there are sub-directories...
If nDir > 0 Then
' Recursively walk into them...
For i = 0 To nDir - 1
FindFilesAPI = FindFilesAPI + FindFilesAPI(path & dirNames(i) _
& "\", SearchStr, FileCount, DirCount)
Next i
End If
End Function
Private Sub CommandButton1_Click()
Dim SearchPath As String, FindStr As String
Dim FileSize As Long
Dim NumFiles As Integer, NumDirs As Integer
ListBox1.Clear
SearchPath = TextBox1.Text
FindStr = TextBox2.Text
FileSize = FindFilesAPI(SearchPath, FindStr, NumFiles, NumDirs)
TextBox3.Text = NumFiles & " Files found in " & NumDirs + 1 & _
" Directories"
TextBox4.Text = "Size of files found under " & SearchPath & " = " & _
Format(FileSize, "#,###,###,##0") & " Bytes"
End Sub |
步骤4 测试运行，如下图所示。
方法2：使用内置的VBA函数
步骤1 在上例所示的界面中添加2个文本框（TextBox5用于报告搜索到多少个文件，TextBox6用于报告搜索到的文件总的大小），1个列表框（ListBox2用于列出搜索到的文件）。
步骤2 在用户窗体模块中添加下列代码：
Function FindFiles(path As String, SearchStr As String, _
FileCount As Integer, DirCount As Integer)
Dim FileName As String ' Walking filename variable.
Dim DirName As String ' SubDirectory Name.
Dim dirNames() As String ' Buffer for directory name entries.
Dim nDir As Integer ' Number of directories in this path.
Dim i As Integer ' For-loop counter.
On Error GoTo sysFileERR
If Right(path, 1) <> "\" Then path = path & "\"
' Search for subdirectories.
nDir = 0
ReDim dirNames(nDir)
DirName = Dir(path, vbDirectory Or vbHidden Or vbArchive Or vbReadOnly _
Or vbSystem) ' Even if hidden, and so on.
Do While Len(DirName) > 0
' Ignore the current and encompassing directories.
If (DirName <> ".") And (DirName <> "..") Then
' Check for directory with bitwise comparison.
If GetAttr(path & DirName) And vbDirectory Then
dirNames(nDir) = DirName
DirCount = DirCount + 1
nDir = nDir + 1
ReDim Preserve dirNames(nDir)
'List2.AddItem path & DirName ' Uncomment to list
End If ' directories.
sysFileERRCont:
End If
DirName = Dir() ' Get next subdirectory.
Loop
' Search through this directory and sum file sizes.
FileName = Dir(path & SearchStr, vbNormal Or vbHidden Or vbSystem _
Or vbReadOnly Or vbArchive)
While Len(FileName) <> 0
FindFiles = FindFiles + FileLen(path & FileName)
FileCount = FileCount + 1
' Load List box
ListBox2.AddItem path & FileName & vbTab & _
FileDateTime(path & FileName) ' Include Modified Date
FileName = Dir() ' Get next file.
Wend
' If there are sub-directories..
If nDir > 0 Then
' Recursively walk into them
For i = 0 To nDir - 1
FindFiles = FindFiles + FindFiles(path & dirNames(i) & "\", _
SearchStr, FileCount, DirCount)
Next i
End If
AbortFunction:
Exit Function
sysFileERR:
If Right(DirName, 4) = ".sys" Then
Resume sysFileERRCont ' Known issue with pagefile.sys
Else
MsgBox "Error: " & Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description, , _
"Unexpected Error"
Resume AbortFunction
End If
End Function
Private Sub CommandButton2_Click()
Dim SearchPath As String, FindStr As String
Dim FileSize As Long
Dim NumFiles As Integer, NumDirs As Integer
ListBox2.Clear
SearchPath = TextBox1.Text
FindStr = TextBox2.Text
FileSize = FindFiles(SearchPath, FindStr, NumFiles, NumDirs)
TextBox5.Text = NumFiles & " Files found in " & NumDirs + 1 & _
" Directories"
TextBox6.Text = "Size of files found under " & SearchPath & " = " & _
Format(FileSize, "#,###,###,##0") & " Bytes"
End Sub
Private Sub userForm_Initialize()
CommandButton1.Caption = "使用API代码"
CommandButton2.Caption = "使用VBA代码"
' start with some reasonable defaults
TextBox1.Text = "C:\Documents and Settings\m\My Documents"
TextBox2.Text = "*.*"
End Sub |
步骤3 测试代码，如下图所示。
示例下载：
方法3：使用VBA文件系统对象
此方法可以参考前面的一系列文章。
注：本文整理自Microsoft知识库，将部分VB代码转换为VBA代码，并给出了详细的示例文档。
|
