Socket通常也称做”套接字“,用于描述IP地址和端口,废话不多说,它就是网络通信过程中端点的抽象表示。值得一提的是,Java在包java.net中提供了两个类Socket和ServerSocket,分别用来表示双向连接的客户端和服务端。这是两个封装得非常好的类,使用起来很方便!
下面将首先创建一个SocketServer的类作为服务端如下,该服务端实现了多线程机制,可以在特定端口处监听多个客户请求,一旦有客户请求,Server总是会创建一个服务纯种来服务新来的客户,而自己继续监听。程序中accept()是一个阻塞函数,所谓阻塞性方法就是说该方法被调用后将等待客户的请求,直到有一个客户启动并请求连接到相同的端口,然后accept()返回一个对应于客户的Socket。这时,客户方和服务方都建立了用于通信的Socket,接下来就是由各个Socket分别打开各自的输入、输出流。
1 package HA.Socket; 2 3 import java.io.*; 4 import java.net.*; 5 6 public class SocketServer { 7 8 ServerSocket sever; 9 10 public SocketServer(int port){ 11 try{ 12 sever = new ServerSocket(port); 13 }catch(IOException e){ 14 e.printStackTrace(); 15 } 16 } 17 18 public void beginListen(){ 19 while(true){ 20 try{ 21 final Socket socket = sever.accept(); 22 23 new Thread(new Runnable(){ 24 public void run(){ 25 BufferedReader in; 26 try{ 27 in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(),"UTF-8")); 28 PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream()); 29 while (!socket.isClosed()){ 30 String str; 31 str = in.readLine(); 32 out.println("Hello!world!! " + str); 33 out.flush(); 34 if (str == null || str.equals("end")) 35 break; 36 System.out.println(str); 37 } 38 socket.close(); 39 }catch(IOException e){ 40 e.printStackTrace(); 41 } 42 } 43 }).start(); 44 }catch(IOException e){ 45 e.printStackTrace(); 46 } 47 } 48 } 49 }
1 package HA.Socket; 2 3 import java.io.*; 4 import java.net.*; 5 6 public class SocketClient { 7 static Socket client; 8 9 public SocketClient(String site, int port){ 10 try{ 11 client = new Socket(site,port); 12 System.out.println("Client is created! site:"+site+" port:"+port); 13 }catch (UnknownHostException e){ 14 e.printStackTrace(); 15 }catch (IOException e){ 16 e.printStackTrace(); 17 } 18 } 19 20 public String sendMsg(String msg){ 21 try{ 22 BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream())); 23 PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream()); 24 out.println(msg); 25 out.flush(); 26 return in.readLine(); 27 }catch(IOException e){ 28 e.printStackTrace(); 29 } 30 return ""; 31 } 32 public void closeSocket(){ 33 try{ 34 client.close(); 35 }catch(IOException e){ 36 e.printStackTrace(); 37 } 38 } 39 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ 40 41 } 42 43 }
接下来就是来测试Socket通信了!
先运行TestSocketServer类,打开服务端,在12345端口处监听!
1 package HA.Socket; 2 3 public class TestSocketServer { 4 5 public static void main(String[] argvs){ 6 SocketServer server = new SocketServer(12345); 7 server.beginListen(); 8 } 9 }
再运行TestSocketClient类:
1 package HA.Socket; 2 3 public class TestSocketClient { 4 5 public static void main(String[] args){ 6 7 SocketClient client = new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345); 8 System.out.println(client.sendMsg("nimei1")); 9 client.closeSocket(); 10 11 SocketClient client1 = new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345); 12 System.out.println(client1.sendMsg("nimei1111")); 13 client1.closeSocket(); 14 15 SocketClient client11 = new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345); 16 System.out.println(client11.sendMsg("nimei11111111")); 17 client11.closeSocket(); 18 19 SocketClient client111 = new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345); 20 System.out.println(client111.sendMsg("nimei11111111111111111")); 21 client111.closeSocket(); 22 23 } 24 }
输出结果如下:
服务端:
Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345 Hello!world!! nimei1 Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345 Hello!world!! nimei1111 Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345 Hello!world!! nimei11111111 Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345 Hello!world!! nimei11111111111111111
客户端:
nimei1 nimei1111 nimei11111111 nimei11111111111111111
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