代词one,it,that的用法区别 作者:俞江涛 代词one, it that的用法在历届高考题中出现的频率较高,是高考的热点之一。笔者结合自己的教学实践在此谈谈它们的一些具体用法,希望能对同学们有一定的帮助。 1.one, it, that常常用来代替或避免重复某个名词。例如: ②-Where did you find your
watch? ③The population of China is larger than that of any other country. 2.one可指人或物,只替代单数可数名词,复数用ones. One是泛指,但有限定修饰语,如the, this, that…修饰就变成了特指。如: ①One must do one's duty. ③The new designs are much better than the old ones. 3.that只指物,不指人,可替代可数名词或不可数名词,具有“特指”性质。指的是同类事物中的另一样东西,即同类异物。如:The library of our school is bigger than that of yours.(that代替的是另一个图书馆。) 4.One 和that ①I will take the seat next to the one(=that)by the window.我就坐窗口的那个座位旁边。 ②I prefer the large box to the small one.(one 不可用that替换 )。 ①Today's cellphones are smaller than those(=the ones)used in the past. ②The students who do best in exam are not always those(=the ones) with the best brains. 6.the one(ones)或 that ,those 指代某一名词做定语从句的先行词时,其关系代词which在that之后,which不能省略,而在the one、ones 之后,which可省略。如: ①Their problem today is somewhat similar to that which they faced many years ago. 7.代替不可数名词时,应该用that。如:The equipment is different from that. 8..it代替上文所提到的名词时,是指同类事物中的同一样东西,即同类事物。如: I have lost my pen. I'm looking for it. 9.it和that可代替前面整个句子的意思,而one却不能;that可引导一个限定性定语从句,代替某个先行词(单复数名词均可),it和one则不能;it可代替不定式、动名词或从句,用作形式主语或形式宾语,也可用于强调句型中,而one和that则不能。如: ①-I will make bed for you. –It is very kind of you. ②Jim said he had read my novel.But that was not possible. ③A clock is an instrument that tells time. ④The students that surf the Internet will be punished by the teacher. ⑤It is nice to see you again. ⑥It is no use calling her up. ⑦I found it impossible for me to pass the test. ⑧It was I who broke your window. (巩固练习) 1.-You are learning typing.The computer is very useful.
A.one 2.This computer is so expensive that I cannot afford to
buy
3.-I'd like a book on English reading.-Is the
book
A.one 4.-His car runs much faster than my car. -That is because the engine in his car works far better
than A.your
one 5.My shoes are the same
as
6I was disappointed with the film, I had
expected
7.Mr Li gave the textbooks to all the pupils
except
8.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to
have
9.I
hate 10.-Why don't we take a little break?--Didn't we just
have
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